• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2017

Objectives: Exposure to hazardous air pollutants could be affected by sociodemographic factors such as age, gender and more. Information on time spent in microenvironments has a critical role in exposure assessment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the exposure pathways which influence personal exposure through time-activity patterns and sociodemographic factors. Methods: A total of 379 subjects were collected from the second term of the Korean National Environmental Health Survey. A questionnaire survey in relation to sociodemographic factors and a time-activity diary were carried out for personal exposure to toluene. Focusing on personal exposure to toluene, factors affecting personal exposure were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results: Participants spent their time in an indoor house for $16.8{\pm}4.0hr$, workplace or school $2.3{\pm}3.5hr$, and other indoor $2.1{\pm}2.2hr$. Sociodemographic factors were significantly different among each personal exposure and microenvironment. Time of staying at an office turned out to be a main factor from point of exposure in exposure pathway using multiple regression analysis. As a result, this means that exposure may be different according to the time of staying in each microenvironment. Conclusions: Personal exposure to air pollutants might be decided by time-activity pattern indicating when, where, and which activities people pursue, as well as individual sociodemographic factors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.210-222
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• 2004

In recent years, the number and proportion of Korean elderly have grown rapidly, and elderly individuals show a disproportionate risk for poor nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of sociodemographic background to nutrient intake of persons 65 years of age or older, living in 15 cities in Korea. Data on 1973 subjects (603 males, 1370 females), who participated in the Korean Elderly Nutrition Survey (2000), were analyzed. Their mean age was 72.3 years and their mean body mass index (BMI) was 24.2 kg/$m^2$. Basic sociodemographic data were obtained through personal interviews. The 98-item semi-food frequency questionnaire, developed and previously validated for Korean middle-aged and elderly subjects, was administered. “Percentage of subjects who consumed under 75％ Korean RDA,” “number of nutrients consumed below 75％ Korean RDA,” “mean nutrient adequacy ratio,” and “nutrient density” were used to determine nutritional status. Male elderly had better nutritional quality than female elderly. Nutritional quality decreased with age, especially in older elderly (over 75). Elderly who were underweight (BMI 〈 20 kg/$m^2$) showed poorer nutritional quality than those who were normal weight (BMI 20∼25 kg/$m^2$) and overweight (BMI $\geq$ 25 kg/$m^2$). Elderly who lived alone had significantly poorer nutritional quality than those who lived with a spouse, and/or with children. Lower education level and economic dependence also showed lower nutritional quality. A stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the effects of specific sociodemographic factors on nutritional quality. For number of nutrients under 75％ RDA as a dependent variable, education level explained 4.8％ of the variance, followed by living status, age, body mass index, gender, and living expense support (Model $R^2$ = 0.091). For mean nutrient adequacy ratio as a dependent variable, model $R^2$ was 0.098. Therefore, sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, body mass index, living status, educational level, and economic status influenced elderly nutrition status. These results indicate that an elderly nutrition intervention should focus on subjects who are poorly educated, living alone, age 75 or older, and/or underweight.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2012

PURPOSE. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sociodemographic factors on quality of satisfaction towards denture treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS. One hundred subjects (filling inclusion criteria) who were wearing a denture for at least two months were enrolled and divided into five groups on the basis of sociodemographic variables (age, gender, literacy level, socio-economic and marital status). Questionnaires consisting of 38 questions (positive and negative attitude towards denture satisfaction) related to patients' perception of clinical outcome in different domains such as mastication, appearance, speech, comfort, health, denture care and social status were scored by the subjects. Questions reflecting positive attitude were scored as 2, 1, or 0 (yes, uncertain and no, respectively) and reversely for the negative questions. Statistical analysis was done by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (${\alpha}$= .05). RESULTS. Level of denture satisfaction was higher in age subgroup belonging to 45 - 65 years of age in relation to comfort, health and denture care. Female and male showed significant priority for denture treatment because of esthetic and function respectively. Level of satisfaction was statistically significant with literacy level. Upper high income group showed significantly higher level of satisfaction only in case of social status. Married group showed significantly higher satisfaction level only with comfort. CONCLUSION. Patients' sociodemographic variables were influential factors on denture satisfaction.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2022

이 연구는 디지털기기 이용성과의 예측요인으로서 디지털기기 이용동기가 디지털기기 이용성과에 미치는 효과가 연령, 성별, 소득, 교육수준에 따라 어떤 차이가 있는지 확인했다. 이를 위하여 한국지능정보사회진흥원의 '2020 디지털정보격차실태조사' 자료를 활용하여 실증적 분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 디지털기기 이용동기가 디지털기기 이용성과에 미치는 긍정적 효과는 사회인구학적 요인에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 더불어, 디지털기기 이용동기는 디지털기기 이용성과 차이, 즉 3차 정보격차를 예측하는 주요 요인임을 확인했다. 이 연구의 결과는 3차 정보격차 관련 정책 및 연구에 유용한 정보를 제공한다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.363-373
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• 2023

Numerous studies have established a correlation between sociodemographic characteristics and water usage, identifying population as a primary independent variable in mid- to long-term demand forecasting. Recent dramatic sociodemographic changes, including urban concentration-rural depopulation, low birth rates-aging population, and the rise in single-person households, are expected to impact water demand and supply patterns. This underscores the necessity for operational and managerial changes in existing water supply systems. While sociodemographic characteristics are regularly surveyed, the conducted surveys use aggregate units that do not align with the actual system. Consequently, many water demand forecasts have been conducted at the administrative district level without adequately considering the water supply system. This study presents an upward water demand forecasting model that accurately reflects real water facilities and consumers. The model comprises three key steps. Firstly, Statistics Korea's SGIS (Statistical Geological Information System) data was reorganized at the DMA level. Secondly, DMAs were classified using the SOM (Self-Organizing Map) algorithm to consider differences in water facilities and consumer characteristics. Lastly, water demand forecasting employed the PCR (Principal Component Regression) method to address multicollinearity and overfitting issues. The performance evaluation of this model was conducted for DMAs classified as rural areas due to the insufficient number of DMAs. The estimation results indicate that the correlation coefficients exceeded 0.9, and the MAPE remained within approximately 10% for the test dataset. This method is expected to be useful for reorganization plans, such as the expansion and contraction of existing facilities.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.59-71
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• 2009

This study examined the effects of social capital and ego-resilience of children perceived parent-child relationship and sociodemographic variables on their school adjustment. The subjects were 384 4th, 5th and 6th grade students living in Gyeong-gi and Incheon. Collected data was subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson’s correlation, t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. Results were : (a) Children’s school adjustment varied with their grade in school, birth order and mother’s employment. (b) Social capital of parent-child relationship, ego-resilience, and school adjustment were correlated with one another. (c) Control was the strongest predictor for children’s school adjustment.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2016

연구목적 노인 우울증의 증가에 따라 예방 및 관리 대책이 시급한 상태이나 초기 우울증의 선별이 어려워 조기 발견이 쉽지 않은 것이 현실이다. 본 연구는 일도시지역에 노인 복지 시설 이용 노인들을 대상으로 PHQ-9 설문지를 이용하여 인구사회학적 요인과 우울증과의 관련성에 대해 파악하고 더 나아가 노인 우울증을 조기에 선별하기 위한 목적으로 시행되었다. 방 법 본 연구는 일도시지역에 거주하는 노인을 대상으로 PHQ-9의 검사와 면담을 통해 인구사회학적 요인(성별, 나이, 주거형태, 자녀 수, 동거인 유무, 교육 수준, 질병 상태)과 우울증과의 관련성에 대해 확인해보았다. 인구사회학적 요인에 따른 PHQ-9 점수의 평균을 비교하여 통계적으로 유의한 요인에 대해 알아보았다. 또한 PHQ-9의 우울증 진단의 절단값인 10점을 기준으로 이와 관련된 인구사회학적 요인을 비교 분석하였다. 결 과 주거 형태(자가 vs. 비자가)와 교육 수준(초등학교 졸업 미만 vs. 초등학교 졸업 이상)에 따른 PHQ-9 점수평균에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 유사하게 PHQ-9 점수 10점을 기준으로 한 인구사회학적 요인의 비교에서도 비자가에서 거주하는 경우, 그리고 초등학교 졸업 미만인 경우 PHQ-9 점수가 유의하게 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 결 론 이 연구는 노인 우울증의 위험인자에 대한 이해와 노인 우울증의 조기 평가 및 개입을 통한 대책 마련에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.18-26
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to suggest a method for identifying target markets of potential urban park users by their sociodemographic variables. Data was classified into(ⅰ) users vs. nonusers ; (ⅱ) of chosen three urban parks ; or(ⅲ) users of each urban park then analyzed by discriminant analysis. The results showed that linear combination of selected sociodemographic variables could be used for identifying target markets in some cases. In general, season and sex were the most powerful discriminant variables. But the other cases were not satisfactory. The weak points of this study due to adapting secondary data for analysis were discussed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.195-203
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• 1991

Correlations among body weight and sociodemographic factors, including life - style were tested as social determinants of health in a sample of 5,201 adults in Korea. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which sociodemographic variables and life-style associated health behaviors explain body weight distribution. A second aim was to explain the relation of body weight and health status to stress the importance of body weight as an early risk indicator of health status. The canonical correlation between the weight distribution(underweight and overweight) and the independent variables was 0.29, 17% of the total variance was explained. Perceived health level represented the highest contribution(canonical coefficient 0.82) to body weight. Sociodemographic factors such as sex, economic status, and life-style factors such as smoking, exercise, regular meais and sleep showed comparatively high contributions to body weight. The relevance of body weight for health status including the rate of chronic disease and the rate of medical utilization was significant. Especially, underweight was clarified as being mere important than overweight to morbidity level and medical utilization. These findings suggest that perceived body weight is an important indicator of health status and is thus a valuable variable to be considered for nursing intervention and health education related to the promotion of health.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.301-314
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• 2014

This study was conducted in order to measure changes in the dining out consumption behaviors of the elderly living in Korea. Data on 2,316 and 3,170 elderly aged over 50 years were extracted from the 2001 and 2011 KNHANES(Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys), respectively. The data were analyzed by gender, age, region area, marital status, educational level, household income, economic activity and subjective health status. Frequency of dining out was higher in males between 50~64 years of age, living in metropolitan area, well-educated, high-income, engaged in economic activity and healthy. As a result, these basic data can be used for analyzing the changes in dining out consumption behaviors by sociodemographic characteristics of people aged over 50 years and the elderly in Korea. In the results on the consumption rate of food service in the two groups, 'female' and '65~74 years old' showed the largest increases from 10 years, and thus should be the group that the food service industry focuses on to develop new marketing strategies suitable for the environment.