• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.12 s.202
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• pp.231-251
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• 2004

The purpose of this study us to determine the adolescents' leisure activity pattern, leisure constraints and leisure satisfaction and to identify the relevant variables. The subjects were middle and high school students. The data was collected by using the questionnaire and the final 741 cases were analyzed by SPSS Win 10.0 program. The major findings were as follows: 1. The adolescents' leisure activity hours were 2.27hours/day(weekday), 4.20hours/day(Saturday) and 5.35hours/day(Sunday). On weekdays, female students spent more time for leisure activity than male students. The most frequent activities were watching TV and playing computer. 2. The adolescents' leisure constraints were social-economic, psychological and situational. The degree of the adolescents' situational constraint was the highest. 3. The adolescents' leisure satisfactions were leisure use, leisure condition and leisure meaning. The adolescents' degree of leisure meaning satisfaction was relatively high. 4. The major related variable influencing the leisure satisfaction were psychological constraint, situational constraint and gender.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 1993

This study examined the expenditure on time-saving services and related variables. The time-saving services are food away from home, delivery food, dry cleaning, clothing care, helper and total service. The specific objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the differences in the expenditure on time saving services according to social economic and demographic variables. (2) to investigate the differences in the expenditure on time-saving services according to role-overload, home goal orientation and work goal orientation. (3) to investigate the independent influence of variables related to the expenditure on time-saving services. For this objectives survey was conducted using interview. The data used in this study included 160 women living in Seoul from employed professional housewives, employed non-professional housewives and non-employed housewives. Statistical analyses were conducted using frequencies, percentiles, mean, oneway ANOVA, DUNCAN-test and multiple regression. The major findings were: (1) Wife's education, wife's age, income, tenure, level of living and employment status were significantly related to the expenditure on time-saving services by using the one-way ANOVA. (2) Income, education, level of living, number of children, and employment status explained the variance of the expenditures on time-saving services about 20%-39% by using a multiple regression method.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.193-208
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• 1994

This study investigated the causality of the children's self-perceived competence and related variables(age, sex, socio-demographic variables, family structure, the number of brother, home environmental process variables and peer group environmental variables.) The subjects of this study were 842 children at age five, seven, nine, eleven and thirteen attending kindergartens. elementary schools and junior high schools and their mothers in Seoul. This study employed children's self-perceived competence scales(The Pictorial scales for 5, 7, Qestionnaire for 9, 11, 13) home environment scales and peer group enviornment scales(the Pictorial scales for 5, 7 Qestionnaire for 9, 11, 13) Freqencies one way-ANOVA Pearson's Cronbach's αmultiple regression and path analysis were used for data-analysis. Major findings were as follows: 1. The results of the analysis of causal model showed that the variables that affected cognitive self-perceived competence directly were age, sex, parent's education economic status of the home the number of brother and peer's emotional support 2. The results of the analysis of causal model showed that the variables that affected social self-perceived competence directly were sex, economic status of the home, peer's emotional support and common activity. 3. The results of the analysis of causal model showed that the variables that affected physical self-perceived competence directly were age, sex, peer's emotional support and common activity.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.7 s.209
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• pp.1-21
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to investigate the actual condition and to deal with the psychological characteristics of computer addicted adolescent using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). The subjects of this study were 407(male 185, female 222) 2nd grade students in senior high school in Daegu. All participant were evaluated on the basis of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and the upgraded Computer Addiction Inventory (CAI) scale which referred to the Young's Internet Addiction Self Diagnosis Scale and the Mind Test's Came Addiction. SPSS version 10.0 was used for data analysis. The scores of F, Hs, D, Pd, Pa, Pt, Sc of the MMPI scales showed that there were statistically significant differences between computer addicted adolescents and non-addicted adolescents. The rate of addicted adolescents was significantly higher than that of non-addicted adolescent in psychological problematic score ranges in the scales. The characteristics of the scores of computer addiction adolescents were similar to those of alcohol and drug addicts in the scales of D, Pd, and Pt. This survey revealed that the psychological disorders suffered by computer addiction adolescents may cause more serious social problems than alcohol and drug addicts.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.63-78
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• 2002

The movie costumes may serve to change individuals'ego identity, shift a gender identity to another one and make multiple and plural gender identities shared. The unique identities shown in movies can influence the audience to the extent that they will imitate characters's costumes or appearance in their real life, replacing their inner, unrealizable and private fantasy with real one. The purpose of this study is to review the movies produced in 1930's and thereafter by categorizing the socio-cultural gender concepts into masculinity and feminity. Masculinity and Feminity are not attributions fixed by some physical characteristics, but it tends to be changed or expended by some social factors over time. In short, it may be a flexible, plural, individual and self-introspecive attribute. Movies present diverse types of masculinity and feminity, and in particular, the movie costumes specify them. In other words, the costumes may be model means expressing the masculinity and feminity, and the gender identities shown in the movies tend to be imitated, re-created or assumed by the audience. All in all, the movie costumes serve to take on the confrontation of masculinity and feminity between inner, unrealizable and private fantasy and external reality and thereby, expand it from internal to external issue and thus, change or reform masculinity and feminity.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.61-72
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the developmental changes about self-perception from childhood to adult period. The subjects were 365 of 5th graders in elementary school, the 2nd graders in junior and senior high school, sophomore in college, and adults. The instruments used for this study were Harter's Self-Perception Profile for the children, adolescences, college students, and adults. The results were as follows. 1. From elementary school to junior high school, the score of scholastic, athletic, physical appearance, behavioral conduct, and global self-worth were decreased. At the developmental perspective, the junior high school students were highly anxious for self-perception. 2. Physical appearance were the best predictor of the global self-worth for all developmental stages. 3. Physical appearance, behavioral conduct predicted more about the global self-worth than any other factors for elementary and junior high school students. And for junior high school students, social acceptance and friendship also predicted about the global self-worth. Scholastic competence showed higher correlation with global self-worth for the senior high school and college students than elementary and junior high school students. 4. For college students, males had higer scores than females on ability-oriented but also relationship-oriented subscales. But the adults showed no differences in nurturance, household management, job competence depending on sex.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.12 s.142
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• pp.103-123
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to make use of the data as a basic material for the plans for the leisure facilities in Songnam, investigating the actual use and demands of local residents about leisure facilities in Sujung-& Jungwon-gu and Pundang-gu for the improvement of life quality through the art and cultural life of the residents in Songnam area. The questionnaires of this study were distributed over Pundang-gu and Sujung-& Jungwon-gu 710 copies in total. There were some meaningful differences in household about the actual use of leisure facilities (4 types): in Pundang-gu, occupation and age of husband, occupation of housewife, existence of children, monthly income, house size, number of rooms and possession of cars; in Sujung-& Jungwon-gu, educational background and occupation of husband, occupation of housewife about the social and recreation facilities only. Another meaningful differences in household about the demands for leisure facilities are: in Pundang-gu,/educational background and age of husband, age of housewife and the youngest child, and possession of cars; in Sujung-& Jungwon-gu,/age, occupation and location of workplace of husband and housewife, and age of children.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.1 s.215
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• pp.11-23
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• 2006

This study investigated the general trends and differences in the working life of overseas Korean women. The subjects were 872 working Korean women over 20 years of age living abroad in America, China, and Russia Central Asia. The subjects completed a questionnaire on working life and the data were analyzed using SPSS. The working environment of Korean-American women was not stable. Many Korean-American women worked to help the home economy. They were paid by the hour, day and week. On the other hand, many Korean-Chinese women worked for self-achievement and usually for 8 hours a day. The working life of Korean women in Russia Central Asia was not good. They had a small income and worked to help the home economy. The first variables for changing their occupation were income and bonus. Despite their unstable working environment, overseas Korean women estimated their working life positively. They rated scores higher than the median on job satisfaction, business importance, duty ability, duty adaptation and family support. Job stress showed lower scores than the median. Korean women in Russia Central Asia showed lower scores on job satisfaction, family support, and work time flexibility than the other two groups.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.44 no.1 s.215
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to access a creative home environment for preschool children and to examine its validity and reliability. The subjects were 296 children aged 5 to 6 years(148 males and 148 females) and their parents. The methods for data analysis included item analysis, factor analysis for construct validity, Pearson correlations between the rating scale for creative characteristics of preschoolers(RSCCP) and this scale for concurrent validity, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ for reliability. The 44 items of the scale were found be satisfactory in terms of item response distribution and item discrimination. Four factors were extracted from the factor analysis: the subscales labelled 'respect for the child', 'enriched learning environment', 'stimulation of independence' and 'family pressure'. The concurrent validity of this scale was accessed by computing the correlation measures of RSCCP with this scale. Most coefficients were significant. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ ranged from.75 to.86 for the 4 subscales and.85 for the total scale.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.12 s.142
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• pp.29-41
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships of the social demographic variables, health variables, and family environmental variables to life satisfaction of rural olders, to identify their problems and to find good directions to enhance the welfares for the rural olds who are in poor life situations. The results are as follows : 1. The male old's satisfaction were higher than the female old's one. The life satisfaction didn't show differences according to the age or religion. But, the higher educational level, the higher life satisfaction was shown. The higher the economic status, the higher life satisfaction was shown. 2. The degree of life satisfaction had meaningful differences on the number of disease and health situation. The more disease they have, the lower life satisfaction was shown. 3. The life satisfaction of the rural old was highest when they live together with their married children than living alone. When they have spouse, the life satisfaction was high. And, as the relation with their children was close, the life satisfaction was high. So, it is thought the children have great influences to the rural old. 4. In the multiple regression analysis, It was found that physical health, the relationship with their children, perceived economic status, and unemployment of their children were effective variables in the old's life satisfaction.