• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.208-212
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• 2016

Background: Outdoor workers are at risk of high ultraviolet radiation exposure, and may have difficulty using sun protection. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of sun protection behaviors in a sample of outdoor construction workers, and to assess which factors predict better sun protection practices. Methods: Participants were recruited via construction unions. Workers answered a questionnaire on demographics, skin cancer risk, sun protection behaviors, and job. Sun protection behavior scores (from questions on sunscreen use, sleeved shirt, hat, shade seeking, sunglasses) were calculated by converting Likert-scale answers to scores from 0 to 4, and taking the mean (separately for work and leisure). Determinants of sun protection behavior scores were examined for work and leisure using generalized linear models. Results: Seventy-seven workers had complete questionnaire data (participation 98%). Sun protection behaviors used most often were hats (79% often/always) and sleeved shirts (82% often/always); least prevalent were shade-seeking (8% often/always) and sunscreen (29% often/always). For both work and leisure scores, the strongest predictor was skin type, with fairer-skinned individuals having higher sun protection behavior scores. Workers had higher scores at work than on weekends. Workplaces that required hats and sleeved shirts for safety purposes had higher protection behavior scores. Conclusion: This high-participation rate cohort helps characterize sun protection behaviors among outdoor workers. Workers practiced better sun protection at work than on weekends, suggesting that workplace policies supportive of sun protection could be useful for skin cancer prevention in the construction industry.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.825-835
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between body satisfaction and appearance enhancement behavior of college students. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 234 college students in Cheong-ju area, Korea. Frequency, descriptive analysis, $x^2$ and t-tests were used for data analysis. Male students were generally satisfied with their height but not with their weight, while female students were not satisfied with their height and weight. There were significant gender differences in satisfaction with their skin color: male students were mostly satisfied with their skin color other than female students. The body satisfaction degree of college students depended on gender: the male students showed more satisfaction with their physical condition than the female students. Of the college student's improving-appearance behaviors such as face-lifting by plastic surgery, make-up by cosmetics and skin care, their preferable choice depended on their gender. When purchasing clothes, they considered if the clothes could cover their defects of their body line and improve their physical appearance. The levels of body satisfaction were significantly different according to their appearance enhancement behaviors.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.21-36
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to classify the stress into groups and analyze their differences in self-consciousness, and appearance management behavior. Questionnaires were administered to 377 middle and high school girls living in Deagu metropolitan City. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncant-test, and t-test are all used for data analysis. Our findings show that stress developed due to several reasons: the categories are as follows into grades-related low stress, exam-related high stress, and society-related high stress. For the purposes of our study, we labeled self-consciousness as a combination of being socially and privately self-consciousness and showing signs of social anxiety. Appearance management behavior deals with esthetic plastic surgery, clothing harmony, weight management, hair management, health care, skin care, and meal management. Stress shows a significant correlation with the sub-variable self-consciousness and appearance management behavior. The groups show a significant difference in the self-consciousness, and appearance management behavior. There is also a significant difference among stress, self-consciousness and appearance management behavior by grade. The students in seemed to recognize that their appearance can be improved by dressing up and managing their outwardly appearance. Teachers should educate students to have the variety of views on the meaning of beauty. In addition, schools need to develop programs to educate student about appearances, as the student's interests differ due to the stress type of the adolescent.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.533-546
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• 2008

This study aims on observing the recognition and attitude of caring for outer appearance by deducing the factors of men caring for their outer appearance at current point where male position is being emphasized in the appearance related market and their interest for outer appearance care is increasing. As a result of conducting a survey, male appearance caring behavior was distinguished into fashion, skin and cosmetic, cosmetic surgery, physical image, and hair factors, and among them, physical image factor showed the highest average, which proves that men generally have positive attitude towards caring for their looks. Concerning skin and cosmetics, the results show that interest is high regardless of age and occupation, and the lower the age is, the higher average for fashion, cosmetic surgery, and hair factors, proving that young men have more interest for caring after their looks. However, there was difference in outer appearance caring behavior pursued or favored by each age bracket according to the higher average for physical image in the age bracket higher than 30. Also, each factor of outer appearance caring behavior turned out to have significant correlation to each other.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.7-17
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• 2020

This study investigated the differences in skin-related habits and skin health behavior according to the gender in college students. The questionnaire surveyed four category on general characteristics, skin-related habits, cosmetic use, and skin care habits. As a result, there were significant differences between gender in smoking(χ²=19.58, p=0.000) and exercise(χ²=17.59, p=0.001) habits. In all categories of cosmetics use, there were significant differences between gender. But both male and female college students were the highest in the 'Not used' and 'Less than once a week" in functional cosmetics, essence, nutritional cream, eye cream, mask pack and deep cleansing items. whereas, there were significant differences between gender in use of sun cream(χ²=31.20, p=0.000). The results of this study showed there were differences in gender according to the survey items. However, female college students were overall better than male college students in skin care.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.361-375
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• 2013

This study investigates the effects of sociocultural influences of appearance(parental influence, media influence, peer influence) on body dissatisfaction and appearance enhancement behaviors(clothing selection, skin care, make-up, hair care, weight management). For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated to 562 female college students in Gwangju, Chonnam area and Chonbuk area, Korea, from May 23 to June 10, 2011. To analysis the data, descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis, and path analysis were conducted. The results were as follows. First, the overall effects of sociocultural influences of appearance on body enhancement behavior turned out to have positive effects. Second, overall sociocultural influences of appearance had positive effects on body dissatisfaction. Third, the overall effects of body dissatisfaction on appearance enhancement behavior did not appear to be statistically significant. Forth, the effects that sociocultural influences of appearance on appearance enhancement behavior mediated body dissatisfaction appeared to be insignificant.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.528-539
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• 2014

This study analyzed the influence of self-construal on sociocultural attitude toward physical appearance, body satisfaction, and appearance management behavior through a structural equation model. The empirical study was based on the response of 369 adult females between the ages of 20 and 49 in Seoul. Self-construal was presented as an independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal, respectively. The sociocultural attitude toward physical appearance as an intermediate variable in the research model was composed of two sub-factors that included internalization and awareness. The other (body satisfaction) was measured by two factors (body and face). Appearance management behavior (as a final outcome variable) were composed of various factors that included clothing concern, skin care, hair care, and weight training. The findings of this study were: 1) the effect of independent self-construal on the sociocultural attitude toward physical appearance was not significantly meaningful; however, interdependent self-construal influenced it positively. 2) Sociocultural attitude toward physical appearance appeared to have a negative effect on body satisfaction. 3) The body satisfaction also had a negative effect on appearance management behavior in this study.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.519-528
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to make a comparative factor analysis of relations between college girls' make-up and clothing behaviors. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Make-up behavior showed the significant differences in accordance with whether doing make-up or not, motives of initiating make-up, sources of make-up information and references and expenses for cosmetics purchase. 2. There were negative correlations between all sub-factors of make-up behavior and the sense of comfort. In clothing behavior, a positive correlation existed between aesthetic sense and fashionableness. In make-up behavior, however, those college students who were more aware of others and considered make-up more important as a means of skin care and self-change regarded aesthetic sense, one of the sub-factors of clothing behavior, as most important.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify appearance management behavior related to well-being lifestyle of women. The results of the study were as follows: 1. The factors relating to a well-being lifestyle were personality and value, fashionable appearance, leisure activity, healthy food, brands, social activities, reasonable consumption, environmental protection, and individuality. The factors of appearance management behavior were weight management and skin care, apparel and accessory management, dietary treatment, bathing, make-up and hair styling, underwear management, using hospitals, beauty salons, and identity kits. 2. Women were classified into 4 kinds of groups: well-being, reasonable value pursuit, ostensible consumption, and bad-being. 3. The members of the well-being group were generally married, highly educated, had a high income, and spent a lot of money for their appearance management. They had a high level of appearance management in terms of weight and skincare, apparel and fashion accessories management, dietary treatment, bathing, make-up and hairstyling, underwear management, and in the use of hospitals and beauty salons. The members of the reasonable value pursuit group were generally married, less educated, with a medium income, and spent little for their appearance management. Members of the ostensible consumption group were generally unmarried, with a low income but spent lot of money for sundries and appearance management. They also had a high level of appearance management with regard to weight training and skin care, apparel and fashion accessory management, underwear management, the use of hospitals and beauty salons, and using identity kits. Members of the bad-being group were generally unmarried, had low incomes, little disposable income, spent little on appearance management, and didn't manage their appearance as a whole.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.756-766
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• 2012

This study investigated the relationships among cognitive age, sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, and appearance management behaviors. This study gave a questionnaire survey to adults between the ages of 17 and 76 who lived in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk regions of South Korea. Data collected from the 296 respondents were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and ANOVA. The sociocultural attitudes towards appearance (awareness and internalization) were significantly correlated with appearance management behaviors (weight training, skin care, hair care, make-up, and clothing selection). The cognitive age was significantly correlated with the sociocultural attitudes towards appearance and appearance management behaviors such as weight training and clothing selection.