• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 1994

The combine harvester is considered as an important but complicated and costly machine. The appropriate size of combine has to be developed to use efficiently in Korea. But the combine is such a complicated machine that a complete design model to develop a new type is impossible without understanding the relationship between each factor. The combine capacity is generally limited by the cleaning shoe performance. So a design model for a cleaning shoe has to be developed first for the complete combine design. The objective of this research was to develop a cleaning model of head-feeding combine to predict grain separation from chaff and broken straw on a sieve. A developed physically based model can explain the situation which can happen during separation process. A test apparatus based on the field going machine was developed. The test materials were paddy rice and barley. The data obtained were analyzed by the hand and the video camera. The developed model was verified as an adequate model through the test with $R^2$ of 0.934 and 0.837. The model can be used to evaluate design and operation alternatives of combine and also applied to the automatic control of separation unit of combine with a loss monitering sensors.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.72.2-72.2
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• 2018

The Opposition Effect (OE) is an enhancement of the brightness of a reflecting light as the phase angle (the Sun-target-observer angle) approaches zero. The mechanisms have been studied both theoretically and experimentally and nowadays recognized that there are two major mechanisms, namely, coherent backscattering OE (CBOE) and shadow hiding OE (SHOE). From data analyses of an S-type asteroid Itokawa taken with the Hayabusa spacecraft onboard camera, it is suggested that the CBOE would be dominant at phase angle smaller than ~ 1.4 deg, while SHOE dominates at larger phase angles (M. Lee & M. Ishiguro, under review). The study on the physical parameters which affect the OE, such as size and composition, will lead us to find a way to disentangle each of them from observation. The experiments in lab, however, faces two major difficulties: (a) the detector blocks the incident light if phase angle is nearly zero and (b) incident and emission angles must be controlled with high angular resolution to prevent blurring of OEs at different phase angles in one measurement. In this presentation, we introduce a new apparatus which has been installed at Seoul National University to investigate the OE in our lab, and summarize the initial results. It will be a valuable starting point to establish infrastructure in Korea, and will shed light on the investigation of OE physics using laboratory simulants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.50-59
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• 2007

This study has been conducted to classify elderly men's feet with the three-dimensional body scanner data of Size Korea. It was intended to assist the manufacturing of the shoes that can appropriately perform the functions of feet, by providing the specific information about the shapes of elderly men's feet that are altered as a result of aging and shoe-wearing for a long time. The findings are as follows. 1. The investigations into the average and standard deviation of the measurements and index values for the elderly men's feet showed a large personal difference in the items of length and circumference. 2. The factors constituting the elderly men's feet were observed to be the size of foot width(Factor 1), the central angle of feet and the extension of toes(Factor 2), the size of ankle(Factor 3), the positions of lateral malleolus and pternion(Factor 4), and the position and size of medial malleolus(Factor 5). 3. The cluster analysis for the classification of elderly men's feet produced three types of them.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.167-177
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of golf shoe design on kinematic variables during golf swing. Five professional male golfers with shoe size 270mm were recruited for the study. Swing motion was collected using 8 high speed camera motion analysis at a sampling of 180Hz. Kinematic variables were calculated by EVaRT 4.2 software. Driver swing was divided into four events; El(adress), E2(top), E3(impact) and E4(finish). Time, peak velocity, velocity of center of mass, velocity of the foot and ankle angle during Phase 1(El-E2), Phase 2(E2-E3), and Phase 3(E3-E4) were analyzed in order to investigate the relationship between golf shoe design and swing performance. The findings indicated that type C golf shoes would be beneficial for stability and control of movement during address and swing performance. Furthermore, faster speed of golf shoes, center of mass, and both feet were observed with Type C golf shoes. It is expected that golfers with Type C golf Shoes provide greater force as they control the center of mass faster and increase rotational force during impact compared to other golf shoes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.51-55
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• 2002

End of July. 2002 Hyundai Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. Offshore Division is successfully completed Load-out & Float-off work of "AMENAM KPONO/FSO Project" similar to 300K VLCC size. The AMENAM FSO hull and topside module built at the HHI Offshore yard using "On-Ground Building Method" developed by HHI. Various methodologies/techniques like Flexi-built FPSO Hull. Topside module erection method. Load-out Float-off methodology etc. are combined to develop a successful on-ground building method. In this paper, we described the "Hull Structural Strength Analysis Methodology" using 3-D Finite Element Analysis and results. This analysis is performed to verily the structural integrity or the AMENAM FSO hull during the main load-out on two semi-submersible barges combined together.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.173-181
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• 2007

This is a tentative study to provide prototype of sizing system for children's shoes. For this study, 364 elementary school girls from KyungIn and YeongNam areas were participated in the measurement. The results of the analysis on four measurement items related to foot can be summarized as followings: 1. All of the foot related items were increased according to their growth. Especially, foot length, foot width, and toe width showed a high correlation. 2. The result also revealed that the current sizing system can cover only 70.9% of children in measurement, which means that a new sizing system is required. 3. We suggested a new standard size for foot size/foot circumference based on the results above according to current sizing system, and a new standard size for foot circumference/foot width based on ISO standard. The results of this study would be helpful in the design of sizing system of children's shoe if applied with the raw data of the Size Korea recently measured.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.153-156
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• 2004

Purpose: To investigate the status of foot, preventive foot care and appropriateness of shoe size in patients with diabetes. Materials and Methods: One hundred and sixty-five patients who visited endocrinology clinic due to clinically proven diabetes mellitus were studied. Average age was 59.3 years (range, 36-90 years) and average duration of diabetes was $9.6{\pm}8.2$ years. Patients were questioned about their basic educational level and their foot and ankle problems. Physical examination of the foot was done including sensation testing of four areas of plantar surface with the 5.07 monofilament. Both feet and shoes were measured for width, length and the height of toes and toebox. Shoes were defined as properly fitting the foot if it is 5mm wider than the foot, and $20{\pm}30\;mm$ longer than the foot, and the height of toebox is more than 5mm higher than the height of the toes. Results: 48.5 percent of the patients were educated about how to select an appropriate shoewear. 47.3 percent of the patients had symptoms of neuropathy and 42.4 percent of patients were unable to feel the monofilament in at least one area. 25.5 percent of the patients had appropriate shoes in length, 63.6 percent of the patients in width, and 72.7 percent of the patients in the height of toebox. Conclusion: This study suggets that more patients needs to be educated about foot care and appropriate shoes which have adequate height of toebox as well as the length and width.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.89-97
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the foot-pressure distribution of Tennis Shoes for assessing their functionality. 10 university male students (shoe size: 265mm) who had no history of injury in the lower extremity and a normal gait pattern participated in this study. Four types of tennis shoes, most popular in Korea (A, B, C & D company), were selected and tested. Using the PEDAR-X system and PEDAR-X insoles, 4 different motion stages were analyzed for the foot-pressure distribution: (a) straight running; (b) c-cut($45^{\circ}$ left turn running; (c) forehand stroke; and (d) backhand stroke. Results revealed that in all stages, there were no statistically significant differences among the types of shoes; however, descriptive statistics indicated that functionality of shoe types was somewhat different depending on the type of stages. The order in functionality found was C>A>B>D.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.197-204
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of high-heels (HH) modification on metatarsal stress in female workers. Method: Seven females who work in clothing stores ($heights=160.4{\pm}3.9cm$; $weights=47.4{\pm}4.1kg$; $age=31.3{\pm}11.1yrs$; $HH\;wear\;career=8{\pm}6.5yrs$) wore two types of HH (original and modified). The modified HH had been grooved with 1.5 cm radius and 0.2 cm depth around the first metatarsal area inside of the shoes using the modified shoe-last. Participants were asked to walk for 15 minutes on a treadmill and to stand for 10 minutes with original and modified HH, respectively. Kinetics data were collected by the F-scan in-shoe system. After each test, participants were asked to rate their perceived exertion using the Borg's 15-grade RPE scale and interviewed about their feeling of HH. Nonparametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test and effect size (Cohen's d) were used to determine the difference of the variables of interest between the original and modified HH. Results: In the present study, modified HH of the peak contact pressure of 1st metatarsal (PCP) left, PCP right, pressure time integral (PTI) left, peak pressure gradient (PPG) left during standing and PPG right during walking are greater than original HH. And even it didn't show statistically significant, the average in all pressure values of modified HH showed bigger than original HH. It surmised to be related to awkward with modified HH. Even though they said to feel the comfortable cause of big space inside of HH in the interview, they seemed to be not enough time to adapt with new HH. So their walking and standing postures were unstable. Conclusion: Modified the fore-medial part of HH can reduce the stress in the first metatarsal head and big toe area during standing and walking.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.378-385
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to present basic data for development of shoe last suitable for women of plus size (BMI 25 kg/㎡ or higher) by type and to analyze the characteristics of each type of foot type. The results of the study are as follows. A comparison of the feet of a plus-size woman and a normal-weight woman showed that the feet of a plussize woman were thicker and wider in the toes, cheeks and feet than those of a normal-weight woman, while the ankle area was thicker. As a result of the cluster analysis by type of foot type of plus-size woman, type 1 was classified into four types, type 1 was 49 (19.5%), type 2 was 43 (17.1%), type 3 was 53 (21.1%), and type 4 was distributed among 106 (42.2%). Type 1 appeared to be a long, low heel, thick foot and wide H-type, and Type 2 appeared to be a D-type with a low heel and a thinner and narrow foot compared to other types, but with wide outer width of the foot. Type 3 showed short feet, low heels, narrow feet, but slanted sides, and Type 4 showed type A with long feet, high heels, thick and wide feet or a combination of toes.