• Title/Summary/Keyword: self-prevention

검색결과 1,675건 처리시간 0.031초

정상체중군과 비만군 아동의 가족요인과 식습관, 사회인지적 요인 비교 (Comparison of Normal Weight vs Obese Children in Terms of Family Factors, Eating Habits and Sociocognitive Factors)

  • 김현아
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.300-310
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: To compare normal weight children with obese children in terms of family factors, eating habits, and sociocognitive factors. Method: This study compared 217 obese children with 231 normal standard weight children of 4th-6th graders from 7 elementary schools in Kangwon province. The study also surveyed 817 their parents using questionnaires in which familial factors, eating habits, and sociocognitive factors such as dietary self-efficacy, locus of control and self-esteem were included. Result: Obese children had more obese family members, more family members with chronic metabolic disease, and lower breast-feeding rate than normal weight group. Dietary self-efficacy was positively correlated with eating habits and locus of control while no correlation was found with obesity index.. Self-esteem was negatively correlate with obesity index. Both the parents and the childrens eating habits showed significant positive correlation to the obesity index. Conclusion: These results implied familial factors, eating habits, and sociocognitive factors influenced childhood obesity. Thus, further research targeting to positive attitude toward familial dietary practices combined with significant sociocognitive factors, may lead to prevention and effective management of childhood obesity.

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초기 청소년들의 건강위험행위와 자아효능감 (Health-risk Behaviors and Self-efficacy in Elderly Adolescents)

  • 안지연;탁영란
    • 지역사회간호학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.387-396
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    • 2006
  • Purpose: This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of health risk behaviors by gender and grade and to examine the correlation between health risk behaviors and self-efficacy in early adolescents. Method: The sample of this study consisted of 1.693 early adolescents recruited from 7 middle schools in S-Gu, Seoul, Korea. Health risk behaviors were measured by the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBS). Self-Efficacy was assessed by General Self-Efficacy (GSE). Results: About a third of the subjects had experience in drinking behavior about 19.4% in cigarette smoking (including cases of just one or two puffs), 25.9% in physical fight, 29.1% in thought about killing themselves (suicide-related behavior), 1.5% in drug. More than a half (60.5%) experienced at least one health risk behavior. Female students were more likely to report drinking experience and suicide-related experience. Health risk behaviors were not significantly correlated with self-efficacy in early adolescents. Conclusions: Many early adolescents had experience in health risk behaviors in the past. The findings of this research suggest the necessity of intensive prevention programs in middle school to motivate and prepare students to avoid these behaviors. In addition, these results may help health professionals plan appropriate screening and counselling for health problems in early adolescents.

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당뇨병 모바일 앱 관련 연구동향: 텍스트 네트워크 분석 및 토픽 모델링 (Research Trend on Diabetes Mobile Applications: Text Network Analysis and Topic Modeling)

  • 박승미;곽은주;김영지
    • Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.170-179
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify core keywords and topic groups in the 'Diabetes mellitus and mobile applications' field of research for better understanding research trends in the past 20 years. Methods: This study was a text-mining and topic modeling study including four steps such as 'collecting abstracts', 'extracting and cleaning semantic morphemes', 'building a co-occurrence matrix', and 'analyzing network features and clustering topic groups'. Results: A total of 789 papers published between 2002 and 2021 were found in databases (Springer). Among them, 435 words were extracted from 118 articles selected according to the conditions: 'analyzed by text network analysis and topic modeling'. The core keywords were 'self-management', 'intervention', 'health', 'support', 'technique' and 'system'. Through the topic modeling analysis, four themes were derived: 'intervention', 'blood glucose level control', 'self-management' and 'mobile health'. The main topic of this study was 'self-management'. Conclusion: While more recent work has investigated mobile applications, the highest feature was related to self-management in the diabetes care and prevention. Nursing interventions utilizing mobile application are expected to not only effective and powerful glycemic control and self-management tools, but can be also used for patient-driven lifestyle modification.

중소규모 화학업종을 위한 자율점검표 개발 연구 (A Study on the Development of Self-Checklists for Small and Medium-Sized Chemical Industries)

  • 심우섭;오경석
    • 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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    • 제26권5호
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    • pp.757-763
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    • 2023
  • Major industrial accidents in which workers die due to fires or explosions while working at chemical substance handling workplaces continue to occur. Among the major industrial accidents that occurred between 2005 and 2021, the accident status by work situation and equipment was analyzed. Through analysis, it was confirmed that storage, reaction, and piping facilities were the main causes of the accident, and a self-checklist for each facility was developed. Verification was conducted through the supply and use groups to evaluate the suitability of the use, duties, and items of the self-checklist. The user group showed higher satisfaction than the supplier group for all three suitability of use, job, and item. In particular, since the inspection items of the self-checklist were organized around the cause of the accident derived through the analysis of actual accident cases, the satisfaction level was high in all groups. It is expected that the self-checklist developed through this study will be useful not only for large companies but also for small and medium-sized chemical industries that lack professional manpower.

영아 보육교사의 상해예방을 위한 감독과 자기 효능감 및 직무 스트레스의 관계 연구 (The Relationships among Supervision Behaviors for Injury Prevention, Self-Efficacy, and Job Stress of Childcare Teachers for Infants)

  • 김혜금
    • Human Ecology Research
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    • 제51권6호
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    • pp.573-581
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    • 2013
  • This study examined the relationship among supervision behaviors, self-efficacy, and job stress of childcare teachers for infants. This study also investigated whether the childcare teachers' supervision behaviors affected self-efficacy and job stress and whether their self-efficacy acted as a mediating effects on job stress and supervisory behaviors. The participants were 292 childcare teachers for infants in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The instruments utilized were the parent supervision attributes scale, Korean occupational stress scale, and teacher self-efficacy scale. The data analyzed by means of Pearson's correlation coefficients and hierarchical regression analysis. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis, Which Baron & Kenny first proposed, was conducted. The significance of the mediation effect was verified by the Sobel test. The results were as follows: First, the childcare teachers' supervision behaviors had a positive correlation with the teachers' self-efficacy, while the teachers' supervision behaviors and self-efficacy had a negative correlation with job stress. Second, job stress appeared to have a negative on supervision behaviors. Self-efficacy appeared to have a positive effect on supervision behaviors. Third, the mediating effect of self-efficacy was verified in the relationship between supervision behaviors and job stress. The more self-efficacy the childcare teachers had, the more supervision behaviors they performed. The greater their self-efficacy, the more the childcare teachers were able to control job stress. Therefore, by enhancing the self-efficacy of childcare teachers, their level of supervision behaviors should increase and their level of job stress should decrease.

심부전 입원 환자의 자가관리 행위 이행에 영향을 미치는 요인 (Factors Affecting to Adherence to Self-care Behaviors among Inpatients with Heart Failure in Korea)

  • 옥종선;고일선;유규형;김성해;임서진
    • 중환자간호학회지
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.51-64
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    • 2013
  • Purpose: This study was to analyze adherence to self-care behaviors and identify factors affecting the adherence behaviors among inpatients with heart failure. Methods: A total 94 hospitalized inpatients from three hospitals participated in a survey. Data were collected using structured self-reported questionnaire from November 28, 2011 to March 31, 2013 and analyzed using frequency, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The score of adherence to self-care behaviors among inpatients with heart failure was $26.02({\pm}8.84)$. Factors related to the adherence to self-care behaviors were living with spouse (t=-2.47, p=.019), functional state (t=2.18, p=.034), heart failure knowledge (r=-.49, p<.001), social support (r=-.35, p<.001), self-control (r=-.25, p=.016), and self-care confidence (r=-.24, p=.019). The factors affecting adherence to self-care behaviors were heart failure knowledge, self-care confidence, and social support. These factors explained 32% of the variance in adherence to self-care behaviors. Conclusion: The adherence to self-care behaviors with heart failure can be improved if heart failure knowledge, self-care confidence, and social support are improved. Therefore, developing a nursing intervention program for patient with heart failure that is considered these factors leads to improve quality of life and prevent readmission.

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일부지역 치위생과 학생들의 흡연 실태와 자아존중감과의 관계 (Smoking condition of students in dental hygiene and relations with self-esteem in a local district)

  • 이성림;고은경;최정희
    • 한국치위생학회지
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.123-133
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    • 2012
  • Objectives : This study was performed to understand smoking condition and to investigate the relations among knowledge regarding smoking and oral hygiene, awareness of anti-smoking policy, and self-esteem, to provide fundamental basis, developing programs for smoking prevention and anti-smoking. Methods : From September 7, 2010 to September 16, 2010, questionaire survey was conducted for 566 female university students studying dental hygienics at a local district in Jeollanam-do. Collected data was analyzed by Chi-square test, t-test, one way ANOVA, Scheffe multiple range test, Perason's correlation test, and stepwise multiple regression test. Results : 1. Smoking condition of study subjects on general characteristics showed 17.1%, where 14.0% of previous smoking history, and 68.9% of currently nonsmoker. 2. Analysis on the knowledge related to smoking and oral hygiene, awareness of anti-smoking policy, and self esteem on the general characteristics of study subjects have shown better awareness of anti-smoking policy in non-alcoholics. Significant difference was found in knowledge about smoking and awareness of anti-smoking policy according to current resident status, but no difference found in self-esteem. Higher academic grade was related to higher awareness of anti-smoking policy and better ics. aalcell. Better health, but no diffeoral hygiene were related to better awareness of anti-smoking policy, and bewhich were statistically significant. Favorable interpersonal self-estehip was related to better awareness of anti-smoking policy. 3. Analysis on knowledge regarding smoking related health and oral hygiene, awareness of anti-smoking policy, and self-esteem showed higher level of anti-smoking knowledge in non-smoking group(60.44) compared to currently smoking group or group with previous history of smoking, and better awareness of anti-smoking policy in non-smoking group(53.54) than other groups, which was statistically significant. 4. Correlation analysis among smoking related knowledge, awareness of anti-smoking policy, and self-esteem has found relatively high correlation between smoking related knowledge and awareness of anti-smoking policy, which was statistically significant(r=0.481, p<0.001). 5. Among factors influencing awareness of anti-smoking policy, higher level of smoking related knowledge and satisfaction to specialty was related to higher awareness of anti-smoking policy which was lower in current smoker than past smoker, and higher academic grade was related to higher awareness of anti-smoking policy. Conclusions : Following results emphasize the need to establish a novel curriculum by which effective programs for smoking prevention and education of anti-smoking specialist could be provided as well as promoting coaching anti-smoking activity.

일부 지역 중학생의 흡연경험에 따른 자기효능감과 학습태도의 관련성 (Relationship between self-efficacy and learning attitude according to smoking experience in the middle school students)

  • 손은주;장경애
    • 한국치위생학회지
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    • 제15권5호
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    • pp.805-811
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    • 2015
  • Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and learning attitude according to smoking experience in the middle school students. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 608 middle school students in Gyeongnam from July 1 to 23, 2013. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, smoking behavior, self-efficacy, and learning attitude. The questionnaire was adapted and modified from Kang, Park, and Koh. The self-efficacy was divided into general efficacy and social efficacy. The learning attitude was divided into attention concentration, learning method, and self learning. Data were analyzed using SPSS Win 21.0 program. Results: The nonsmoking students tended to have higher general efficacy and social efficacy than the smokers (p<0.01). The nonsmokers had more attention concentration in learning attitude than the smokers (p<0.001). The learning method (p<0.001) and self learning (p<0.001) showed the same results between the two groups. The smoking experience had the negative correlation with general efficacy (r=-0.164) and social efficacy(r=-0.154). The general efficacy is positively related to social efficacy (r=0.568). The smoking experience had the negative correlation to attention concentration (r=-0.235), learning method (r=-0.211) and self learning (r=-0.148). The attention concentration was positive relation with learning method (r=0.690) and self learning(r=0.662. The learning method had positive relation to self learning (r=0.764). Conclusions: The smoking students tended to have lower self-efficacy and learning attitude, so it is necessary to implement the smoking prevention program in the middle school students.

자살예방 프로그램이 초등학교 충동심리에 미치는 영향 (Effect of the Suicide Prevention Program to the Impulsive Psychology of the Elementary School Student)

  • 강수진;강호정;조원철;이태식
    • 한국방재안전학회논문집
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.65-72
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구에서는 청소년 자살 문제를 조기 자살 예방 프로그램을 통해 초등학생에 적용하고 프로그램 전과 후의 효과를 비교 분석하여 학생들의 감정 상태와 자살에 대한 충동 등, 심리상태 변화를 확인하였고, 자살예방 프로그램으로서 활용 가능성을 제시하였다. 청소년기는 인지적으로 미성숙하며 정서적으로 충동적인 시기이므로 발달 과정상 매우 불안한 시기이다. 사소한 자극이나 갈등상황에 대해 자살이라는 극단적 현실 도피, 충동적 문제해결 등의 방법으로 자살을 선택할 만큼 정서적으로 불안정하고 예측하기 어려운 시기이다. 최근 핵가족화와 부모들의 자식에 대한 기대감과 교육문제, 사회 환경적요인, 개인 심리적 요인 등의 많은 스트레스는 학생들을 자살이라는 극단적 행동까지 이르게 하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 자살예방 프로그램을 초등학생 때부터 경험하는 스트레스의 영역과 자살생각과 충동의 정도를 파악하고, 명상교육, 호흡법 등의 예방 프로그램을 통해 분노조절, 감정정화, 자기극복 체험을 통해 긍정적인 자아정체성 확립과 자기조절 능력, 자존감과 생명의 소중함을 깨닫게 함으로 자살예방에 미치는 영향과 효과를 분석하였다. 연구 대상자는 고양시 관내 초등학교 6학년 2개 반 51명을 한 달 동안 매일 아침 30분씩 뇌과학 교육의 원리와 방법을 체험 및 활동 중심으로 진행 하였고, 수업활동지 및 생활 실천교육으로 내면화하여 학습효과를 높이도록 하였다. 자료 수집은 4주간 20회 차 아침수업 실시 전과 후에 자살 가능성을 효과적으로 예측할 수 있도록 개발한 Suicide Probability Scale(이하 SPS-A), 자살위험성 예측척도를 활용하여, 긍정적 전망, 가족 내 친밀감, 충동성, 대인 적대감, 절망감 징후, 절망감 증후군, 자살사고 등 7가지 영역으로 조사 실시 하였다. 분석 방법 및 검증은 SPSS 프로그램을 이용한 Wilcoxon's signed rank test를 이용하였다. 짧은 기간 동안의 프로그램 진행이었지만 평균 비교 분석 시 7가지 영역에서 효과적이고 긍정적인 결과가 나왔다. 그러나 t-test 결과에서는 또 다른 결과가 나왔다. SPS-A 31개 문항 중 3개 문항(7번, 14번, 19번)에서만 변화가 있고, 나머지 문항에서는 변화가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 B반 학생들에 비해 A반 학생들이 변화가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 A반 학생들의 경우 7가지 영역 중 자살과 가장 밀접한 관계가 있는 절망감증후군과 자살사고 영역에서 프로그램 진행 후 심리적 변화가 있는 것으로 검증 됐다. 학생의 성향에 따라 또는, 프로그램을 진행하는 전문가(담임교사, 진행강사)에 따라 다른 결과가 도출된다는 것도 본 연구를 통해서 알 수 있었다. 본 논문에서 제시한 자살예방 프로그램은 지속적인 프로그램으로 제도화, 활성화 하여 정서적인 스트레스 해소 및 긍정적인 자아정체성 회복, 뇌파 안정을 통한 감정 및 충동 조절을 함으로 학습효과와 자살예방에 도움이 될 것이며, 짧은 시간의 교육 프로그램으로 사장되지 않고, 아동기 부터 청소년기까지 연계하여 정신적, 육체적으로 건강하게 성장할 수 있는 주변 환경을 조성함으로 사회적 문제인 자살 예방에 효과적인 프로그램이 될 것이라 판단된다.

Dentists' Perception of the Role they Play in Early Detection of Oral Cancer

  • Saleh, Amyza;Kong, Yink Heay;Vengu, Nedunchelian;Badrudeen, Haja;Zain, Rosnah Binti;Cheong, Sok Ching
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.229-237
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    • 2014
  • Background: Dentists are typically the first professionals who are approached to treat ailments within the oral cavity. Therefore they should be well-equipped in detecting suspicious lesions during routine clinical practice. This study determined the levels of knowledge on early signs and risk factors associated with oral cancer and identified which factors influenced dentist participation in prevention and early detection of oral cancer. Materials and Methods: A survey on dentists' knowledge and their practices in prevention and early detection of oral cancer was conducted using a 26-item self-administered questionnaire. Results and Conclusions: A response rate of 41.7% was achieved. The level of knowledge on early signs and risk habits associated with oral cancer was high and the majority reported to have conducted opportunistic screening and advised patients on risk habit cessation. Factors that influenced the dentist in practising prevention and early detection of oral cancer were continuous education on oral cancer, age, nature of practice and recent graduation. Notably, dentists were receptive to further training in the area of oral cancer detection and cessation of risk habits. Taken together, the study demonstrated that the dental clinic is a good avenue to conduct programs on opportunistic screening, and continuous education in these areas is necessary to adequately equip dentists in running these programs. Further, this study also highlighted knowledge deficits and practice shortcomings which will help in planning and developing programs that further encourage better participation of dentists in prevention and early detection of oral cancer.