• 대순사상논총
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• 제47집
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• pp.39-63
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• 2023

현대사회의 병리현상 중에서 매우 심각하게 문제를 야기하는 "중독(中毒)" 현상에 대한 도가철학적 해석과 해결 방안을 모색하는 것이 본고의 의도이다. 이를 위해 철학적 사유의 지평에서 중독을 관조는 법을 구명하였다. 질병은 고정불변의 실체를 지니는 존재자가 아니라 균형과 조화를 상실한 일종의 현상으로서 파악해야 한다. 이에 대한 치료는 해독약으로서의 약(藥)을 처방할 수 있다. 약 자체가 독약과 양약의 구분이 모호한 물질적 존재로서, 조화와 균형의 시각에서 약을 다루어야만 중독 현상의 해결에 유효할 수 있다. 중독 현상을 보는 도가철학의 관점은 만물의 개별자가 지니는 욕망의 일탈 또는 욕망의 과잉으로 빚어진 병리 현상이다. 개별자는 우주자연의 변화과정 속에 일시적으로 존재하는 과정적 존재일 뿐이다. 이런 도가적 세계관을 계승하는 유파로서의 한의철학이 있다. 도가적 한의철학의 지평에서 중독 현상은 마음의 조화와 균형을 잃는 것에서 온다. 해결의 방법도 마음의 혼란 상태[마(魔)]를 안정시키는 것에서 시작한다. 병리현상으로서의 중독은 실제로는 실체적 본질이 없다. 질병 현상은 삶의 어떤 계기나 인연에 의하여 조금씩 쌓여 견고하게 굳어진 일종의 일시적 현상일 뿐, 영원한 본질이 있는 악의 표상이 아니다. 이런 이치를 자각하는 순간 그런 병리현상에서 벗어날 수 있는 길이 열린다. 도가철학의 진단과 처방은 단호하다. 욕망의 일탈이 바로 병리현상을 일으킨다. 과유불급(過猶不及)이다. 과(過)와 불급(不及) 사이의 조화와 균형을 찾는 일이 중요하다. 그리하면 병리적 중독과 같은 모든 시름은 우주변화의 풍랑에 씻기어 간다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.77-101
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to develop a Body & Mind Integration Program that combines yoga and tea meditation, and to prove the fact that it can enhance the happiness for middle-aged housewives. In order to do that, it was devised for a one-group pretest-posttest design and implemented a pretest, a treatment(that was a 12-session program), and a posttest. The results of the 16 middle-aged housewives were used to prove the effect of this program. The main results of this study are as follows: First, physical self-concept(t=-4.609, p<.001), mindful attention awareness(t=-2.804, p<.05) and tea life practices(t=-4.748, p<.001) of the middle-aged housewives have been improved after the implementation of Body & Mind Integration Program. Secondly, the Body & Mind Integration Program has provided the chance for the middle-aged housewives to newly recognize their physical and psychological ability so that they can appreciate their lives more happily and realized their inner strength. In the final analysis, it is the task for all of us to develop and supply the kind of program which helps the middle-aged housewives not only to keep the efforts for their healthy body & mind, but also to get rid of the negative feelings and tensions which happen from personal relationships so that they can find happiness in their lives continuously.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1389-1399
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• 2000

Massage therapy is a traditional, alternative and nonphamacological means of promoting rest and relaxation. However, nursing intervention by massage for middle-aged women is rarely practiced by nurses. The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of the hand and arm massage as an independent nursing intervention tool for middle- aged women. The data used in this research were collected from forty-nine subjects using a nonequivalent control group non- synchronized design. Twenty-four persons for the experimental group and Twenty-five persons for the control group were selected from D city and C city from July 1997 to September 2000. Subjects' ages were between forty and fifty-six years old with mean the age of 45.6. Hand and arm massage developed by Cayce and Reilly was applied to the experimental group for a session of 15 minutes two or three times a week for four weeks. The instruments used for the measurement of the subjects' stress, anxiety, depression and the middle-life crisis were Langners's 22-item Self-rating Depression Scale, and Kim's Middle Life Crisis Scale(1988). These psychological factors were measured before and after the implementation of hand and arm massage. The data were analyzed with mean$\pm$s.d, percent, t-test, and a paired t-test. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Before the treatment, there were no significant differences between the two groups. 2. After the treatment, there were significant differences in the stress and the occurrence of mid life crisis between the two groups. The findings suggest that the use of the life crisis. Therefore, it is recommended that hand and arm massage be used as an independent nursing intervention tool for middle-aged women. For further research, is needed replication of this concept of research with different subjects in a larger population. Also, it is recommended to investigate the effects of massage with aroma therapy for the berefit of decreasing womens' stress level further.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2015

SW 역량은 미래 사회에서 필요로 하는 핵심 역량으로, 컴퓨팅 사고력을 기반으로 하고 있다. 하지만 교육 현장에 컴퓨팅 사고력의 도입은 교사와 학생의 인식과 적절한 교육 프로그램의 부족으로 도입이 어려운 실정이다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 현장에 친숙한 융합인재교육을 이용해서 개발된 컴퓨팅 사고력 기반 융합인재교육의 현장 적용을 통해 현장 적용 가능성을 제시하고, 그 효과성을 분석하였다. 연구 대상은 49명으로 실험집단 23명, 통제집단 26명으로 선정하였으며, 실험집단에 컴퓨팅 사고력 기반 융합인재교육 프로그램을 실시한 후 사전-사후 융합적 사고력 검사, 컴퓨팅 사고력 검사를 통해 프로그램 효과성 분석을 시행하였다. 연구 결과, 실험집단의 경우 융합적 사고력의 하위 요인인 과학선호도와 자기 주도적 학습능력이 유의하게 향상되었다. 또한, 컴퓨팅 사고력 점수도 실험집단에서 유의한 향상을 보여 컴퓨팅 사고력 기반 융합인재교육(CT-STEAM) 프로그램의 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 향후, 다양한 컴퓨팅 툴을 활용한 융합인재교육 프로그램의 개발을 기대해 본다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.155-169
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• 2010

앞으로의 커피전문점은 경쟁력을 가진 업체만이 살아남을 것이며, 얼마나 고객들의 요구를 잘 충족하는지가 관건일 것이다. 다양한 고객들은 특징이 있고 개인의 개성을 중요시하고 자신의 가치관을 채워줄 상품과 서비스를 갖고 있는 점포를 선호한다. 따라서 경영자들은 업태와 가격대의 차이는 있어도 점포 컨셉을 명확히 하고 세분화된 고객의 욕구에 부응하는 마케팅 전략을 세워야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 일본의 커피전문점 시장의 구조의 실태와 변화를 분석하여 국내 커피전문점 시장의 흐름을 예측하고, 국내 커피 연구의 체계적인 이론적 확립에 필요한 자료를 제공함과 동시에 국내 커피전문점 시장의 구체적인 전략적 방안을 제시하였다. 결과로는 국내 커피관련 선행 연구들은 서비스 품질을 중심으로 한 연구에 집중되어 있음을 파악하였다. 향후 커피전문점 관련 연구는 점포 규모별, 외국 계열과 국내 계열별로 구분하여 이루어져야 하며, 개인 경영 커피전문점과 프랜차이즈 커피전문점과의 비교 연구 등이 필요하겠다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.209-235
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• 2006

Since the end of the cold war, technical tie-up between private corporations and an army in developed countries has increased a lot, and the trend is spreading through developing countries rapidly. To cope with the circumstance actively, the dual use technology program for both private corporations and an army was begun in Korea in 1998. With the program, overlapping investment was resolved and technology transfer was stimulated. And the standardization and information exchange saved considerable national budget and made possible economic profit. Yet, the combination project of 4 ministries and offices showed problems such as loose cooperation and, low industralization record. However, developed countries are out of the mere stage of dual technology development and turn into broad technical tie-up including future prediction, national competitiveness improvement, and the private company's leading participation and they are systemizing them very fast. Korea also set up the national defense reform plan with the blueprint of future military force improvement, budget increase for national defense research, and increased participation of private corporations, and created Defense Acquisition program Administration to support them. The innovation of national defense system brings forward the need to link the private and military innovation. Korea has pursued the fast growth through assimilation, absorption, and improvement of foreign technology. But now, Korea has to focus on self innovation, original technology, parts and material. As this applies to private companies and military equally, it is important to concentrate limited resources for the effective technology cooperation. Considering this, the strategies to activate the dual use technology are program concept and range extension, task-deduction way improvement and future-oriented common task deduction, and promotion system improvement.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.52-65
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a scale to measure spiritual distress in cancer patients. Methods: A total of 69 preliminary items for the spiritaul distress assessment tool (SDAT) were compiled, based on a literature review, selection of empirically relevant items through concept analysis of hybrid models, confirmation of content validity by experts, cognitive interviews, and a pretest. Self-administered questionnaires were collected between April 1 and July 31, 2018, from 225 cancer patients at four medical institutions and one nursing home. The data were analyzed using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity, and Pearson correlation for criterion validity. Reliability was tested by Cronbash's α coefficient. Results: The final version of the SDAT consisted of 20 items. Five-factors, loss of peace, burden of family, avoidance of confronting death, guilt and remorse, regret for not being able to apololgize and forgive were extracted, and showed 62.8% of total variance. The factors were confirmed through convergent and discriminant validity. Criterion validity was confirmed by functional assessment chronic illness therapy spiritual well-being scale 12 (FACIT-Sp12). The overall Cronbach's α was .91, and the coefficients of each subscale ranged from .78~.83. Conclusion: The SDAT for cancer patients is valid and reliable. It is suggested that the tool can be used to measure spiritual distress in cancer patients.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1525-1529
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• 2004

Most of the recently developed robots are human friendly robots which imitate an animal or human such as entertainment robot, bio-mimetic robot and humanoid robot. Interest in these robots are increasing since the social trend is focused on health, welfare, and graying. By these social backgrounds, robots become more human friendly and suitable for home or personal environment. The more bio-mimetic robots resemble living creature, the more human feels familiarity. People feel close friendship not only when they feed a pet, but also when they watch a pet having the food. Most of entertainment robots and pet robots use internal-type batteries and have a self-recharging function. Entertainment robots and pet robots with internal-type batteries are not able to operate during charging the battery. So far there have been a few robots that do not depend on a battery. However, they need a bulky energy conversion unit and a slug or foods as an energy source, which is not suitable for home or personal application. In this paper, we introduce a new bio-mimetic entertainment robot with autonomous feeding functionality, called ELIRO-1(Eating LIzard RObot version 1). The ELIRO-1 is able to find a food (a small battery), feed by itself and evacuate. We describe the design concept of the autonomous feeding mechanism of the ELIRO-1, characteristics of sub-parts of the manufactured mechanism and the control system.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제12권
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• pp.65-96
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• 2007

Today, the modern art is extremely diverse. It is denying its own boundary through chaos, extreme, abjection. In fact the diversity of the modern art can be best described as questioning and challenging to the essence of the reality, rather than the artistic pursuit of the beauties. The pursuit of the reality has been a long lasting discourse since the ancient. Through the history, the reality (referent) and representation (image) has been complementing and disposing each other in a relationship of a meaningful construction until the modern times. The limit of modernistic self-reference and the emergence of the figure leads to the emergence of Post-modernism in a trend of experimenting new visual arts. The return to the figure is clearly distinguished from existing representation's system and it brought new meanings to approaches and interpretations of the reality. In the case of Pop arts of 1960's and the following the modern sculptures, which is covered by this thesis, I put an emphasis on the diversification of those via changed strategies on the reality. In a situation where the reality is dictated by signified, the modern arts can no longer stay on a classic concept of representation, rather it pursuits new system and diverse strategies. I provide three types of strategic characters of the reality and the diversification of reality: the transition of the reality. These three types can be used as a frame work, which is supporting new aspects of the modern arts in reflecting on existing system. Therefore, the reason of categorizing is to distinguish modernistic arts and post modernistic arts, and to propose new post-modernistic discourses. Adapting J.F, Lyotard's view, absence is used to trace down the diversification of the reality thorough the sublime on the deconstruction of the mega discourses and the relationship of representation. Based on H. Faster's theory of the appropriation, the appropriation is used to exemplify the strategies of visual arts are in variations and being delayed. Lastly, in the transition, J. Baudrilliard's simulacre is used in terms of the concept of post modernistic representation. Based on the core of his theories, the deconstruction of existing concepts and simulation as the post modernistic representation, and the world of hyperreality based on simulacre are explained. These allows us to deny that representation is the expression of reality through mimesis. My aim is to work on the definition of the arts and representation in the modern era, and go further from there in order to clarify meaning and extension of the modern sculptures. Now two artists are reviewed based on their own art works: George Seagal; Jeff Koons. They are selected among numerous artists from the Post Modern era. Epic contents and emphasis on daily life of Seagal's works show good examples to artists from Pop Arts and following time period and may have served as a start point for Postmodernism. Indeed, he tried to show a newly defined relationship between art works and daily life experience. On the other hand, J.Koons used the strategies of fabrication and appropriation, which shows characteristics of the postmodernism. Through his four individual exhibitions, he shows the diversification of the reality based on art works as fetishistic merchandises, and newly defined concept of Ready-made since M Duchamp. Lastly, the diversification of the reality is analyzed again in context of my art works. I focused on the return to the figure among a variety of trends of late 20 th century modern sculpture. It showed the post modernistic point of view on the reality. Post modernistic diversified strategies are adopted as a method of distinguishing each art works via the diversification of the reality. This is the result of contemporary social and cultural situations.

• 감성과학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2017

심리치료의 궁극적인 목표는 특정한 심리적 문제를 유발하는 근본적 원인을 파악하여 이를 수정하고 변화시키는 것이다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 관점에서 최근 사회적 문제로 급부상하고 있는 SNS 중독의 근본 원인을 파악해서 향후 심리치료 프로그램 개발에 도움을 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구는 선행 연구 개관을 통해서 부적응적 자기개념(예: 낮은 자기존중감), 부적응적 성격 특성(예: 강한 자기애), 그리고 강한 부정적 정서 경험(예: 높은 수준의 불안)이라는 SNS 중독의 표면적 원인을 파악하였다. 이후 본 연구는 선행 연구 개관을 기반으로 이들 표면적 원인 기저의 근본적 원인으로 인지적 차원의 초기 부적응 도식과 정서적 차원의 정서조절곤란을 도출하고 '초기 부적응 도식 ${\rightarrow}$ 정서조절곤란 ${\rightarrow}$ SNS 중독'이라는 심리적 부적응 기제를 개념적으로 제안하였다. SNS 중독의 고위험군인 20대를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 결과, 20대 여성 집단에서 이와 같은 심리적 부적응 기제가 나타났지만 20대 남성 집단에서는 '초기 부적응 도식 ${\rightarrow}$ SNS 중독'의 관계만 유의미한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구 결과는 20대 남녀의 초기 부적응 도식에 대한 인지치료나 20대 여성의 정서조절곤란에 대한 정서치료가 SNS 중독 치료에 실질적으로 도움이 될 수 있다는 함의를 제공한다.