• School Mathematics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.135-156
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to discuss about the role of the visualization as an effective method of teaching abstracted mathematics, to analyze visual materials in middle and high school mathematics and to suggest various visualized materials for teaching mathematics effectively. Though formal, symbolic and analytical teaching method is a major characteristic of mathematics, the students should be taught to understand through intuition and insight, and formalize the mathematical concepts progressively. Especially the sight is one of the most important basics of cognition for intuition and insight. Therefore, suggesting mathematical contents through the visual method makes the students understand and formalize the mathematical concepts more easily. In this study, we tried to investigate the meaning and role of visualization in mathematics teaching. And, we discussed about the four roles of visualization in the process of mathematics teaching and learning confirmation and memorization of the mathematical truth, proving theorem and solving problems which is one of the most important purposes of teaching mathematics, According to the roles of visualization, we analyzed visual materials currently taught in middle and high school, and suggested various visual materials useful in teaching mathematics. The investigated fields are algebra where visual materials are little used, and geometry where they are use the most. The paper-made-textbook can't show moving animation vigorously. Hence we suggested visual materials made by GSP and applets in IES .

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.167-175
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• 2011

This study analyzed the ways of expressing materials to create visual perception spaces in "commercial spaces". The result is as follows. First, it has been discovered that expressing materials in commercial spaces plays an important role in creating various visual perception spaces as well as discriminative spaces, in commercial spaces. Hence, it will be necessary to make a multilateral study on how you can express materials to create visual perception spaces. Second, by referring to earlier studies, four types of space have been deduced as visual perception spaces. These are: "expansion", "central", "borderline" and "decoration" spaces. Third, by considering the space types and characteristics as well as the expressing materials, the criteria for the ways of expressing materials to create visual perception spaces in commercial spaces. Finally, looking at these expression methods, images of "expansion" spaces have most commonly been expressed indistinctly by using the materials and patterns. The profound images of "central" spaces were displayed using the materials and their symbolic images have been shown using the materials and colors. In the "borderline" spaces, the areas have been distinctly segmented or expressed in limited spaces by using the materials and colors. Visual designs were displayed in the "decoration" spaces by using materials from other space fields. All these phenomena have demonstrated that various new materials are being used to create various distinctive designs in commercial spaces. The result of this study shall act as basic reference materials in devising visual designs needed in creating various visual perception spaces.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.129-142
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• 2017

In this study, the characteristics of the reading materials in elementary school science textbooks developed under the 2009 revised National Science Curriculum were investigated. The criteria for classifying the reading materials were the types of topic, purpose, students' activity, and presentation. The visual images in the reading materials were also analyzed from the viewpoint of type, role, caption type, and proximity type. The results indicated that the number of the reading materials in the 2009 revised science textbooks decreased compared to that of the 2007 revised science textbooks. It was also found that the frequencies of the reading materials expanding concepts of the text and/or requiring corresponding students' inquiry increased. More visual images were used in the reading materials of the 2009 revised science textbooks. However, several limitations were still found to exist; most visual images were illustration and/or picture; many visual images were presented without a caption; there was a problem in the proximity of visual image to text.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.6 s.53
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• pp.132-139
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• 2005

Selling Environment is very important space in this era of sensitive consumption, which facilitates direct contacts with consumers. Interests of consumers in the 21st centuries, lie in the higher quality of life, and they wart to create their own lifestyle through purchasing of goods in the marketing environment. A company can hold dominant position in the changing marketing environment, in case it differentiate with other competing companies and keep consistencies of identity. Finishing materials of interior design elements, play an important role in making a visual images of department stores, and the usage of finishing materials transfers the images of department store to consumers This study aims to introduce theoretical backgrounds of interior materials composition, which provides important tools for decision of images of department stores, and also aims to propose design guidelines for interior finishing materials as an elements of visual marketing, through the case studies of major department stores. Depending on these intentions, present conditions of interior finishing materials are analyzed, and a fundamental planning directions of interior materials are proposed, as the strategic elements of a department visual marketing.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.26-38
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to grasp the characteristics of composition regarding the material-centered integrated unit of environmental and natural studies, a science subject in Finland, to investigate a need for applying the material-centered integrated unit to the science curriculum of Korea. For the purpose, the study made an analysis on contents, inquiry activities, and visual materials (the most important in the elementary science curriculum and textbook composition), and it brought following results: First, as a result of analyzing the area of contents, the bicycle material-centered integrated unit comprised a large proportion of 44 pages (25.3%) of the whole 174 pages from the environmental and natural studies textbook for the third grade. The contents included such various concepts as traffic rules, safety, environmental protection and pollution, recycling and separate collection, tubes and triangular structures, wedges and screws, leverage, wheels, axles, gears, elasticity (spring), friction, and so on. Second, as a result of analyzing contents related to the thinking ability of inquiry activities, "expecting or confirming expectations" and "application" are included in every lesson, and one lesson is composed in such a way that students can study on bicycles as a practical material for their daily life and they can improve various thinking abilities. Third, as a result of analyzing the circumstances of inquiry activities, daily circumstances made up eight lessons (80.0%) and technical and social circumstances made up two lessons (20.0%) by focusing on bicycles, a material related to students' daily life. Fourth, as a result of analyzing visual materials, the percentage of pictures and photos was high at 53.4% and 45.2% respectively. As a result of analyzing the role of visual materials, the percentage of the illustrative role and explanatory-complementary role was high at 52.1% and 47.9% respectively. Lastly, as a result of analyzing from the epistemological view to interpret the relation between visual materials and students and the position of visual materials, the visual textbook materials were provided toward a way that students can decrease their feeling of epistemological separation in the three fields of ideational metafunction, interpersonal metafunction, and textual metafunction.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.327-341
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• 2016

This study explores the effective visual resources in the “regularity in chemical reactions” unit of ninth grade science textbooks (2009 revised version). The frequency and role of visual resources were initially examined, and the students’ perceptions of visual resources were investigated. The results of the analysis represented the learning material presentation (68%), motivational categories (14%), guide to inquiry procedures (9%), and inquiry results and summaries (8%). According to the investigation of the students’ perceptions of visual resources, the most effective visual resource for motivation is a photograph depicting physical and chemical changes, such as in bread baking and the most effective for learning material presentations in mass conservation, definite proportion, and stoichiometric concept units were a cartoon, graph, and formula representing stoichiometric phenomena, respectively. The most effective resource for guide to inquiry (experimental) procedures were photographs of both instruments and sequential experiment processes; and in the inquiry results and summary category, incomplete tables and graphs for students to work on themselves. The aims of this research are to increase the usefulness of visual resources in the teaching-learning activity and provide informative supplements for the development and improvement of visual resources, according to the students’ perceptions.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 2012

This study analyzed metaphorical characteristics of composite materials in terms of a visual aspect on a new material that is applicable for housing space. The results are as follows. First, the recent trend of housing space tends to stimulate emotions of residents through visual finishing materials, and for this reason, visual expression of a new material that is applicable to finishing materials plays an important role. Second, convertibleness, association and duplicity were selected as items of metaphorical expressions through the precedent studies. Third, most of combinations of materials were shown different from the existing materials in an expressive characteristic of composite materials through analysis, and application of a technology showed a different visual effect of patterns and textures from the existing materials. This implies that visual expression and directing are being attempted using such technology on finishing materials of housing space with development of digital technologies. Fourth, for metaphorical characteristics of composite material for housing space, combination of various materials and a digital technology were applied on convertibleness. For association, a combination of materials that have each different characteristic associated with the third material, and combination with subsidiary material of optical fiber and a digital technology were appled for duplicity. Data obtained from the results of this study has high efficiency in planning finishing materials for emotional housing space in future, and it will be basic data for a study on development of new finishing materials.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.641-656
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• 2014

This study aimed at analyzing visual materials included in school science textbooks, specifically the textbooks for first semester courses of 3rd to 6th graders. The purpose was to provide directions for future textbooks by understanding the functions of the images in both pedagogical and social perspectives as well. The study was conducted by investigating the types, roles and socio-semiotic features of the images in science textbooks. The results were as follows. Firstly, the most used types of images in 2007 curriculum textbooks were photographs and drawn pictures. Uses of other visual aids than above were extremely rare. It was also found that as the educational level rises, the use of images for decorative functions drastically declined. The majority of the images were used in providing supplementary explanations or examples. This implies that the images effectively play the role of helping science education. In addition, more use of worksheets images was found, indicating that as educational level increases, students participate more actively in research sessions or data analysis. In socio-semiotic perspective, visual images showed high accessibility to students in 'Type of visual image', 'Function of visual image', 'Distance of shot', 'Horizontal angle of shot', 'Color moduation'. It was implied that there will a close correlation between the type, role and the socio-semiotic characteristics of visual images in textbooks. For example, photograph-type visuals were mostly used as supplementary references. And when applying the socio-semiotic analysis to photograph-type visuals, they showed 'real type', 'narrative-metaphor type', and 'shadow effect' among socio-semiotic features. Such correlations implied that knowing the type of the visual image may help determining the role of the image in the textbook to some extent, and also corresponding socio-semiotic characteristics. As a result, it was possible to infer how accessible certain visual images are to students. The above results have implications for the effective use of visual images in future textbooks.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.93-102
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• 2018

Angiogenesis is one of the essential processes that occur during wound healing. It is responsible for providing immunity as well as the regenerative cells, nutrition, and oxygen needed for the healing of the alveolar socket following tooth extraction. The inappropriate removal of formed blood clots causes the undesirable phenomenon of alveolar osteitis (AO) or dry socket. In this review, we aimed to investigate whether enhanced angiogenesis contributes to a more effective prevention of AO. The potential pro- or anti-angiogenic activity of different materials used for the treatment of AO were evaluated. An electronic search was performed in the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases via OVID from January 2000 to September 2016 using the keywords mentioned in the PubMed and MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms regarding the role of angiogenesis in the prevention of AO. Our initial search identified 408 articles using the keywords indicated above, with 38 of them meeting the inclusion criteria set for this review. Due to the undeniable role of angiogenesis in the socket healing process, it is beneficial if strategies for preventing AO are directed toward more proangiogenic materials and modalities.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.81-94
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• 2023

Haeju was home to the Hwanghae-do Provincial Office and a hub for supporting the northwestern regions of Korea. Local commerce expanded in Haeju during the late Joseon period based on its abundant resources and regional products, leading it to evolve into a large city. King Seonjo temporarily resided in Haeju while seeking refuge from the Japanese Invasions of Korea, and Yi Yi (sobriquet: Yulgok) secluded himself in Seokdam in Haeju in his later years. King Seonjo's residence in Haeju and Yi Yi's retirement there boosted interest in the city among the literati and influenced its places of scenic beauty. The development of its local history and literary achievements were documented in a wide variety of historical records and visual materials. Eight scenic views in Haeju became famous through a poem written by Seong Su-ik in the late sixteenth century. Around the mid-eighteenth century, eight new scenic views became popular. Local officials and travelers from other regions produced a vast body of prose and poetry focusing on the landscape and society of Haeju, playing a crucial role in raising awareness of its scenic attractions. Most surviving visual materials related to Haeju were created in and after the nineteenth century. Many of them illustrate both landscapes and the everyday lives of people. Among them, paintings of scenic spots created by Jeong Seon (sobriquet: Gyeomjae), who never actually visited Haeju in person, raises some of the issues posed by relying on indirect materials. In contrast, Eight Scenic Views of Haeju, which is presumed to have been produced by a local painter, appears to have accurately highlighted the characteristics of each scenic spot. Moreover, Haejudo, a folding screen presenting a panoramic view of Haeju, incorporates content from paintings depicting eight scenic views, in this case Eight Scenic views of Haeju. This practice can be observed in visual materials of other provincial cities.