• Journal of Applied Tourism Food and Beverage Management and Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.79-110
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• 2001

Tourist Destination is based on tourism attractions. Components of Tourism attraction are included tourism resources, entertainment facilities, transportation, accommodation, infrastructure, assistance facilities & service, hospitality, information facilities & service, and retailing & service. Tourism resources of them is the key to determine destination development pattern, because tourism attraction that attract tourists is based on tourism resources. Therefore, there are need to study what is tourism attraction of destination at the view of tourists and what is destination development pattern based on it to develop tourism attraction that is able appeal tourists. The purpose of this study is to examine what effect of tourism attraction affects destination development pattern. This study defined Haeundae, Kwanganri, Songjung, Taejongdae in Pusan, Korea as research areas. Research data were collected from 300 respondents by a simple random sampling method. A final 284 usable questionaries were used for empirical analysis after data purification process. Reliability and validity of the scale on the tourism attraction, destination image, and facility needs have been evaluated using Cronbach $\alpha$, item-total correlations. This study analyzed the factors of the tourism attraction and destination images. The result obtained that tourism attraction is divided relaxation attraction, local activity attraction, culture . nature attraction and touring circuit attraction, and destination image is divided culture . urban attractiveness, touring attractiveness, local . stay attractiveness, convenience of travel and relativeness for destination investigated. ANOVA and regression (stepwise) were used to test hypotheses. Based on the results of hypotheses testing, major findings of the empirical research are as follow : 1. The tourism attraction and destination image are significantly different, but facility needs are not significantly by destinations (e. g. Haeundae, Kwanganri, Songjung, Taejongdae) . 2. Destination development pattern is a(fact by the tourism attraction in partial. In case of Haeundea, relaxation attraction take effect partially spa, history and marine/spa tourism. 3. The destination development pattern is influenced by the destination image in partial. In case of Kwanganri, the natural . activity attractiveness and urban tourism images have been found as influential factors that affect marine tourism. 4. The destination images are influenced the physical attributes in literature review, but the destination image are taken effect partially the tourism attraction in this study. 5. Destination development pattern are influenced by the tourism attraction and the destination image partially. This research has provided a variety of practical suggestions. Especially, it was suggested that the destination have appeal to tourists by strengthening attraction and improving weakness. Also, we need to specialize destination in same destination development pattern.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.158-172
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• 2016

This study engaged food-service industry workers in Busan (casual dining restaurants and buffets) to investigate the moderating effect of job satisfaction on the influence of emotional labor on turnover intention and job burnout. To accomplish the goal of this study, the statistical programs SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0 were employed for frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability, and confirmatory factor analysis of responses from f 278 respondents. An examination was conducted to prove the hypothesis based on a structural equation model. There are two sub factors of emotional labor, surface acting and deep acting. According to the result of this study, surface acting has a positive influence (+) on job burnout (exhaustion) while deep acting has a negative influence(-). In addition, job burnout showed a positive influence (+) on turnover intention. It has been revealed that job satisfaction has a moderating effect on the path from deep acting to job burnout. Having considered that job burnout of food-service workers in Busan was related to deep acting, one of sub factors of emotional labors, promoting deep acting appears to be the way of reducing both job burnout and the number of people with turnover intention. Therefore, it is necessary for restaurant owners and CEOs to implement employee training and improve employee benefits in order to promote the deep acting of their employees.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.169-180
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• 2017

The current study aims to demonstrate the causal relationships of quality of work life (QWL), affective organizational commitment, and turnover intention among Y-Generational chefs in South Korea. In order to achieve the study purpose, the data were collected from 207 chefs working in hotel restaurants, independent restaurants, and franchised restaurants. To analyze the data, frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and PROCESS Macro analysis were undertaken using SPSS 18.0. The results indicated that quality of work life consisted of two factors named as personal quality and social quality. Both factors of quality of work life had significantly positive effect on affective organizational commitment. However, in case of the relation between quality of work life and turnover intention, only personal quality had a significant negative effect on turnover intention while the effect of social quality on turnover intention was not significant. Furthermore, affective organizational commitment negatively affected turnover intention, and affective organizational commitment was determined as significant mediators between quality of work life and turnover intention. Implications of the empirical results and limitations of the study are also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.207-231
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• 2011

This study aims to identify constructs of cultural competency specifically relevant to the Korean society and to test its reliability and validity among human service workers. For the purpose of the study, authors conducted focus group interviews and conferences with human service workers to draw the concept of cultural competency. Further, this study conducted to two separate pilot tests with 20 social workers with practice experiences in order to clarify descriptions and relevance of scale items. Based on the literature review on the concept of cultural competency and analysis of focus group interviews, 40 items were initially constructed and then were reduced to a 32-item scale after two separate pilot studies. Meantime, suggestions made by an advisory group were also reflected in the scale development process. Finally, one hundred ninety four workers in social service agencies were recruited to evaluate the relevance of the scale items in a 5 point Likert scale. Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, 4 main factors were identified: 1) competency to use culturally relevant skills, 2) cultural awareness and sensitivity, 3) cultural knowledge, and 4) efforts to overcome cultural differences. These factors were consistent with sub-concepts of cultural competency in other studies. Confirmatory factor analysis also showed that the model fitness was at the high level and convergent analysis with the similar scale also showed high correlations. Internal consistency also remained at a high level. Based on the results, implication for social work practice and education were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.55-73
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate Korean version of Deaf Acculturation Scales(DAS). Pilot items were made a faithful translation of the Acculturation Scales of Maxwell-McCaw and Zea (2011) and were modified for Korean Deaf people. The Scale involves two dimensions, in order to measure the acculturation of Deaf people; Deaf acculturation and hearing acculturation. Using factor analysis, we developed a Korean version of DAS consisted of twenty-five items for Deaf acculturation dimension and twenty-five items for hearing acculturation dimension. These analysis supported the four factors of Deaf acculturation dimension and the five factors of hearing acculturation dimension. Reliability, assessed by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, was .93 for Deaf acculturation and .93 for hearing acculturation, respectively, which confirm the Koran version of DAS. Construct validity was demonstrated through correlation with Deaf acculturation-related variables: age, age of Deafness, Degree of hearing loss, American Sign Language ability, and lip-reading ability. Criterion validity was supported by correlation with Collective Self-Esteem Scale. Limitation and implication of this study and direction for future research were discussed.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.18-31
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• 2012

The current study aimed to analyze data conducting a survey with 211 females in Ulsan Gyeongnam province in order to understand what influence lifestyle types of female customers exert on eating-out behaviors from the perspective of eating-out motivation. So as to achieve research purpose, we conducted factor analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, ANOVA analysis, multiple regression analysis, correlation analysis and frequency analysis through SPSS 12.0 program. Findings of analyses indicated that items of lifestyle involve d 4 factors, and the item of eating out behaviors was extracted to be 1 factor. As a result of testing differences in lifestyle depending on residential areas, both type of chasing fashion and type of extroverted dependence have significant differences in variables, and both factors indicated that females living in Ulsan have higher mean values than those of females living in Gyeongnam. As a result of analyzing lifestyle depending on age, which was adopted in part, females at the ages of 31~40 had higher mean values than those in other ages in the type of chasing fashion, and females above the age of 51 had higher mean values than those in other ages in type of chasing health. As a result of lifestyle depending on academic backgrounds, university students or graduates had higher mean values than those in other academic backgrounds. For the influence of lifestyle types on eating-out behaviors depending on eating-out motivation, the type of chasing fashion, the type of purchasing the quality of life, and the type of chasing health were p<0.001, having significant effects.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.59-73
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to establish a marketing strategy for the makgeolli manufacturing industry. We fractionized cousumer types depending on motives for purchase of customers who had bought makeolli or drunk it for the last six months. We also examined the relationship between makgeolli selection attributes and customer satisfaction by the cousumer types. SPSS 15.0 statistical package was used to process data. Frequency analysis, factor analysis, a reliability test, K-means cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression were executed. As a result, the motives to purchase and drink were divided into four factors - marketing, effect on health, self-desires, outside environment; consumers into three types - dependent type, loving type, indifferent type; makgeolli selection attributes into five factors - health characteristics, visual elements, brand characteristics, drinking characteristics, purchase characteristics. It was shown that the makgeolli loving type considered all the makgeolli selection attributes as most important; the dependent type considered the health characteristics and visual elements as less important than the loving type did. The indifferent type considered all the makgeolli selection attributes as less important compared with the other types. Among the makgeolli selection attributes, drinking characteristics and the purchase characteristics had effects on customer satisfaction.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.74-87
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• 2011

This study applies the Technology Acceptance Model to grasp the effect of the food traceability system on consumer confidence and usage intention. To verify the causal relationships between the factors, the consumers who use grocery stores in Seoul were selected. From February 20, 2011 to February 28, 2011, a total of 300 copies of the questionnaire were distributed, and 284 copies except for those unsuitable for analysis were collected. SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 5.0 factors analysis and a reliability test were conducted, in older to validate the proposed hypotheses. The results are summarized as follows. First, the food traceability system bad a significant effect on the technology acceptance model. Second, the food traceability system bad a significant affect on consumer confidence. Third, the food traceability system bad a significant effect on usage intention. Fourth, the technology acceptance model didn't have a significant effect on consumer confidence. Fifth, the technology acceptance model and consumer confidence bad significant effects on usage intention. Based on these results, this study suggests useful implications for the food traceability system.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.252-269
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• 2016

This study was conducted to analyze the influence of the service quality of the food court on customer satisfaction, revisit intention in a discount store. Among the 400 surveys, 371 participants were collected and 350 respondents were analyzed for the statistical analysis to verify research purposes. SPSS 21.0 program was used to derive the following: factor analysis, reliability analysis, simple regression, and multiple regression analysis. Results shown that, first, service quality at the discount store can affect the customer's satisfaction. The factors which can affect the customer's satisfaction are type, empathy and credibility but guarantee and reactivity don't affect it. Second, service quality at the discount store can affect a customer's revisiting. The factors which can affect the customer's revisiting are type, guarantee, empathy and credibility but reactivity doesn't affect it. Third, the customer's satisfaction at the discount store can affect the customer's revisit intention. Through this study, food court service quality can affect not only the customers' satisfaction but also consumers' revisit intention. Therefore, the company and the management need to keep researching and developing various menus, customer service training, and hygiene training in order to set the customer at ease along with making a comfortable mood and set up a dine out & meeting system.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.5-24
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• 2000

Middle age for women is one of the most important stages of the whole normal life span and has unique problems concerning the psychological and physical health, specifically degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. Therefore middle age women should prepare in order to lead a healthy and fruitful life as they enter/begin old age. As the population of middle age women increase, the demands of nurses who care for this age group also continue to glow. Nurses must be interested in this middle age group of women in Korea. This study was designed to identify the extent of family support and self-esteem of the middle age women with degenerative musculoskeletal diseases and the relationship between them and nurse's contribution to middle age women's health promotion that maintain and promote qualify of her life. The population of this study was 112 women aged 40-60, attending the out patient clinic one University Hospital and one Hospital, in Pusan. The data was collected from 1st August to the 30th of September, 1998 by using 36 items questionnaire. The instrument used for measuring family support was of Chai's(1983) FSS which was modified by Kang's(1984) Family Support Scale. And that for self-esteem was Rosenberg's(1965) Self-esteem Scale. The reliability of Chai's FSS and Rosenberg's instruments were tested by Cronbach's alpha and showed that they were 0.93 and 0.89 each respectively. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient using the SPSS computer program. The results of the study were summarized as follows : 1. The mean score of the perceived family support was $39.31{\pm}9.42$. 2. The mean score of the perceived self-esteem was $33.16{\pm}6.75$. 3. Statistically significant factors influencing the family support among sociodemographic variables was satisfaction of marriage(F=-3.069, p<0.003). 4. Statistically significant factors influencing the self-esteem among sociodemographic variables were age(F=3.992, p=0.000), education(F=2.260, P=0.026), housing (F=-1.987, P=0.049) and satisfaction of marriage(F=-2.305, P=0.023). 5. There was a significant correlation between family support and self-esteem (r=.621, p<.000). In conclusion, perceived the family support was important for middle age women to increase their self-esteem. Nurses should be aware of the necessity of family support in the supportive nursing of middle age women and should be able to make a plan to educate the family about supporting the wife/mother. The continuing study of the health promotion of middle age women to find out variables influencing middle age women' health must continue.