• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2021

The submerged U-shape breakwater interaction with the solitary wave is simulated by the Boussinesq equations using the finite-difference scheme. The wave reflection, transmission, and dissipation (RTD) coefficients are used to investigate the U-shape breakwater's performance for different crest width, Lc1, and indent breakwater height, du. The results show that the submerged breakwater performance for a set of U-shape breakwater with the same cross-section area is related to the length of submerged breakwater crest, Lc1, and the distance between the crests, Lc2 (or the height of du). The breakwater has the maximum performance when the crest length is larger, and at the same time, the distance between them increases. Changing the Lc1 and du of the U-shape breakwaters result in a significant change in the RTD coefficients. Comparison of the U-shape breakwater, having the best performance, with the averaged RTD values shows that the transmission coefficients, Kt, has a better performance of up to 4% in comparison to other breakwaters. Also, the reflection coefficients KR and the diffusion coefficients, Kd shows a better performance of about 30% and 55% on average, respectively. However, the model governing equations are non-dissipative. The non-energy conserving of the transmission and reflection coefficients due to wave and breakwater interaction results in dissipation type contribution. The U-shape breakwater with the best performance is compared with the rectangular breakwater with the same cross-section area to investigate the economic advantages of the U-shape breakwater. The transmission coefficients, Kt, of the U-shape breakwater shows a better performance of 5% higher than the rectangular one. The reflection coefficient, KR, is 60% lower for U-shape in comparison to rectangular one; however, the diffusion coefficients, Kd, of U-shape breakwater is 35% higher than the rectangular breakwater. Therefore, we could say that the U-shape breakwater has a better performance than the rectangular one.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.283-296
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• 2020

A numerical model is established to investigate the run-up of a solitary wave after propagating over a triangular saw-tooth-shaped submerged breakwater. A rectangular-shaped submerged breakwater is simulated for comparison. Several factors, including the submerged depth, the lagoon length and the beach slope, are selected as independent variables. The free surface motions and velocity fields of the solitary wave interacting with the submerged breakwater are discussed. The results show that the submerged depth and lagoon length play significant roles in reducing the run-up. The influence of the beach slope is not significant. At the same submerged depth, the triangular saw-tooth-shaped submerged breakwater has only a slightly better effect than the rectangular-shaped submerged breakwater on the run-up reduction. However, a calmer reflected wave profile could be obtained with the rougher surface of the saw-tooth-shaped submerged breakwater. The study conclusions are expected to be useful for the conceptual design of saw-tooth-shaped submerged breakwaters.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.201-226
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• 2020

A systematic numerical comparative study of the performance of semicircular and rectangular submerged breakwaters interacting with solitary waves is the basis of this paper. To accomplish this task, Nwogu's extended Boussinesq model equations are employed to simulate the interaction of the wave with breakwaters. The finite difference technique has been used to discretize the spatial terms while a fourth-order predictor-corrector method is employed for time discretization in our numerical model. The proposed computational scheme uses a staggered-grid system where the first-order spatial derivatives have been discretized with fourth-order accuracy. For validation purposes, five test cases are considered and numerical results have been successfully compared with the existing analytical and experimental results. The performances of the rectangular and semicircular breakwaters have been examined in terms of the wave reflection, transmission, and dissipation coefficients (RTD coefficients) denoted by K_R, K_T, K_D. The latter coefficient K_D emerges due to the non-energy conserving K_R and K_T. Our computational results and graphical illustrations show that the rectangular breakwater has higher reflection coefficients than semicircular breakwater for a fixed crest height, but as the wave height increases, the two reflection coefficients approach each other. un the other hand, the rectangular breakwater has larger dissipation coefficients compared to that of the semicircular breakwater and the difference between them increases as the height of the crest increases. However, the transmission coefficient for the semicircular breakwater is greater than that of the rectangular breakwater and the difference in their transmission coefficients increases with the crest height. Quantitatively, for rectangular breakwaters the reflection coefficients K_R are 5-15% higher while the diffusion coefficients K_D are 3-23% higher than that for the semicircular breakwaters, respectively. The transmission coefficients K_T for rectangular breakwater shows the better performance up to 2.47% than that for the semicircular breakwaters. Based on our computational results, one may conclude that the rectangular breakwater has a better overall performance than the semicircular breakwater. Although the model equations are non-dissipative, the non-energy conserving transmission and reflection coefficients due to wave-breakwater interactions lead to dissipation type contribution.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2006년 창립20주년기념 정기학술대회 및 국제워크샵
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• pp.396-402
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• 2006

An efficient spline boundary element scheme is newly developed for water wave scattering of an incident wave train on a submerged breakwater. Validation of the present scheme is accomplished through the numerical experiments for various cases, by comparing the numerical results with theories vailable in the literature. Very accurate reflection and transmission coefficients for thin horizontal breakwater are obtained. It is observed that the reflection coefficient for the rectangular breakwater is significantly affected by the thickness. Horizontal and vertical forces on the breakwater for various thicknesses were also investigated.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2001

This study is focused on the wave control by economical multi-rowed impermeable submerged breakwaters which need less materials than a one-rowed submerged breakwater. A boundary element method and eigenfunction expansion method based on the Green\`s theorem are appled to analyze the characteristics of wave transformation. Submerged breakwaters are consisted of one and two-row with rectangular section. Wave transformation characteristics are investigated by the various combinations of placement distance and crown water depth.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.447-454
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 유한요소법을 이용하여 일정 수심상에서 사각형 형상의 불투과성 수중방파제에 의한 파랑의 Bragg 반사를 수치적으로 고찰하였다. 유한요소법에 의해 계산된 반사율은 수리모형실험을 통해 얻어진 결과와 비교하였을 때 비교적 잘 일치하였으며, 고유함수전개법에 의한 결과와도 좋은 일치를 나타내었다. 그밖에 본 연구에서 개발된 모형은 불투과성 수중방파제의 폭과 길이의 변화에 따른 반사율 계산에 적용되었다.

• 한국해안해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해안해양공학회 2004년도 학술발표논문집 Proceedings of Coastal and Ocean Engineering in Korea
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• pp.269-272
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• 2004

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2007

연안 구조물을 보호하기 위한 대책의 하나인 수중 구조물의 성능을 검토하기 위하여 수리모형실험을 수행하였다. 기존의 연구에서 효율이 가장 좋은 것으로 알려진 직사각형 형태의 수중 구조물을 사석 경사식 방파제 전면에 설치한 후 다양한 유의파고, 유의주기 및 수중 구조물의 높이에 대하여 반사율과 사석 경사식 방파제 전면에서의 처오름 높이를 도출하였다. 본 연구결과, 반사계수는 유의파고보다 유의주기에 대해 상대적으로 더 큰 영향을 받음을 알 수 있었다. 수중 구조물로 인한 파의 차단 및 쇄파 발생으로 인하여 사석 경사식 방파제 전면에서의 처오름 높이는 ${^{RU}}_{2%}$를 이용하여 계산하면 대략 28% 정도 감소하였고 ${^{RU}}_{33%}$로 계산할 경우 약 26%정도 감소됨을 확인하였다. 전반적으로 반사율이 증가함에 따라 처오름 높이는 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 수중구조물의 높이가 높을수록 반사율은 증가하지만 방파제로 인한 반사파가 수중구조물에 의해 재반사 되므로 결과적으로 처오름 높이는 그다지 감소하지 않음을 보였다. 그러므로 수중 구조물을 설계 및 설치 시 다양한 측면에서 경제성이나 효율성을 충분히 고려할 필요가 있다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.563-573
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 일정수심상에 사각형형상의 불투과성 수중방파제를 설치한 후 파랑의 반사를 수리실험을 통해 조사하였다. 입사파는 규칙파를 사용하였으며, 고유함수전개법을 이용하여 예측한 반사율을 본 연구에서 수행한 수리모형실험 결과와 비교하였다. 예측된 결과와 수리실험에서 관측한 결과는 비교적 잘 일치하였으며, 수리실험에 의한 반사율이 고유함수전개법에 의한 결과보다 다소 작았다.

• 한국항만학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 1994

The present paper discusses the nonlinear wave deformation due to a submerged coastal structure. Theory is based on the frequency-domain method using the third order perturbation and boundary integral method. Theoretical development to the second order perturbation and boundary integral method. Theoretical development to the second order Stokes wave for a bottom-seated submerged breakwater to the sea floor is newly expanded to the third order for a submerged coastal structure shown in Figure 1. Validity is demonstrated by comparing numerical results with the experimental ones of a rectangular air chamber structure, which has the same dimensions as that of this study. Nonlinear waves become larger and larger with wave propagation above the crown of the structure, and are transmitted to the onshore side of the structure. These characteristics are shown greatly as the increment of Ursell number on the structure. The total water profile depends largely on the phase lag among the first, second and third order component waves.