• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.797-805
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• 1996

We provide a new proof of the following fact using least area surfaces : If the fundamental group of a $P^2$-irreducible closed 3-manifold M contains a finitely generated nontrivial normal subgroup of infinite index, then M has a finite cover which is a closed surface bundle over $S^1$ , unless N is free.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 2006

In this paper, we present an elementary proof for the existence of almost periodic solutions of linear nonhomogeneous difference systems.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.471-482
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• 1995

We give a simple unified proof of various characterizations of discrete classical orthogonal polynomials including two new ones.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.269-269
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• 2009

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 2000

We give an easy proof that ${\phi}(z)=\frac{z^2_1}{1-z^2_2}$ induces the bounded composition operator $C_{\phi}:\mathcal{B}{\rightarrow}{\bigcap}H^p(B_2)$ defined by $C_{\phi}f=f\;o\;{\phi}$.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.111-113
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• 1997

A simple proof for the special case of the McMillan and Pommerenke Theorem on the asymptotic values of meromorphic functions without Koebe arcs is derived from the author's result on the boundary behavior of meromorphic functions without Koebe arcs.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2015

We introduce a decomposition on a symplectic subspace determined by symplectic structure and study its properties. As a consequence, we give an elementary proof of the deformation of the Grassmannians of symplectic subspaces to the complex Grassmannians.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.439-460
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• 2002

We prove the multiplicity of ordered positive radial solutions for a semilinear elliptic problem defined on an exterior domain. The key argument is to prove the existence of the third solution in presence of two known solutions. For this, we obtain some partial results related to three solutions theorem for certain singular boundary value problems. Proof are mainly based on the upper and lower solutions method and degree theory.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.97-103
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• 2008

New fixed point theorems for permissible maps between $Fr{\acute{e}}chet$ spaces are presented. The proof relies on index theory developed by Dzedzej and on viewing a $Fr{\acute{e}}chet$ space as the projective limit of a sequence of Banach spaces.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.299-306
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• 2012

We will give a new proof of the Lebesgue-Radon-Nikodym theorem with respect to weighted p-adic q-measure on $Z_p$, using Mahler expansion of continuous functions, studied by the authors in 2012. In the special case, q = 1, we can derive the same result as in Kim, 2012, Kim et al, 2011.