• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.635-640
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• 1992

Two cases of lingual masses were observed among 500 Fischer 344 (F344) rats which were used as control and treated animals in a 2 year carcinogenicity study in Toxicology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology. The masses grossly appeared as tan, pedunculated, fungiform on the dorsal aspect of the base of the tongues. They were approximately $1.5{\times}1.2{\times}0.3cm$ in size. The microscopic features consisted of acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, papillary projection with connective tissue cores and multifocal chronic active inflammation with hair shafts. The results observed support the epigenetic mechanism of tumorigenesis which is caused by Physical stimuli of foreign bodies. Both of the masses were diagnosed as papillomas with the incidence rate of 0.4%(1/250) in each sex on the basis of the gross and microscopic features.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.389-393
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• 1998

We localized a calcium-binding protein, calretinin, in the superior colliculus of the mouse and studied the distribution and effect of eye enucleation on the distribution of this protein. Calretinin was localized with immunocyto-chemistry. A dense plexus of anti-calretinin-labeled fibers was found within the superficial layers. The highest density was found in the deep superficial gray layer. Monocular enucleation produced an almost complete reduction of calretinin-immunoreactive fibers in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus contralateral to the enucleation. Furthermore, many calretinin-labeled cells appeared in the contralateral superior colliculus. These newly appeared neurons had small oval or round cell bodies. The results demonstrate that calretinin identify unique neuronal sublaminar organizations in the superior colliculus of the mouse. They also suggest that the retinal projection may control in part the content of calretinin in some neurons in the superficial layers of the mouse superior colliculus.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.27-42
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• 1989

The forming process of scale and socket of Pieris rapae L. during in 30 hr. pupa to in adult was morphologically investigated with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. 1. The scale forming cells which were distinguished from other epidermal cells were first observed in 30 hr. pupa. In the aspect that scale forming cell beared some morphological relations to socket forming cells and in the distribution of its organelles, scale forming cell was divided into three regions-basal region in which nucleus located, neck region which was surrounded by socket forming cells and scale region that was the cytoplasmic projection region over the wing surface. In process of the development of scale forming cell neck region and scale region were extended into the molting space and at this time, the changes of surface structure of scale region have occurred initially. 2. There was a more distinct process that scale region changed into the scale. Scale region which was first originated as clublike projection of the cell body was subsequently elongated and flattened out by broadening of the cytoplasm. After that, in the surface of scale were formed longitudinal ridges and microribs. In the late pupa, the cytoplsam of scale region have autolyzed by lysosome-like bodies and at length, scale which had air spaces, trabecula, pigment granules, longitudinal ridges and transverse ridges. 3. The major protion of socket forming cell located beside neck region of scale forming cell under the wing surface but the processing portion of the cell lay over the wing surface, suggesting that socket forming cells have actively processing. In extending to the molting space of neck and scale region, socket forming cells developed to the molting space and constructed socket.

• BMB Reports
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• v.55 no.10
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• pp.473-480
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• 2022

Neutrophils, the most abundant innate immune cells, play essential roles in the innate immune system. As key innate immune cells, neutrophils detect intrusion of pathogens and initiate immune cascades with their functions; swarming (arresting), cytokine production, degranulation, phagocytosis, and projection of neutrophil extracellular trap. Because of their short lifespan and consumption during immune response, neutrophils need to be generated consistently, and generation of newborn neutrophils (granulopoiesis) should fulfill the environmental/systemic demands for training in cases of infection. Accumulating evidence suggests that neutrophils also play important roles in the regulation of adaptive immunity. Neutrophil-mediated immune responses end with apoptosis of the cells, and proper phagocytosis of the apoptotic body (efferocytosis) is crucial for initial and post resolution by producing tolerogenic innate/adaptive immune cells. However, inflammatory cues can impair these cascades, resulting in systemic immune activation; necrotic/pyroptotic neutrophil bodies can aggravate the excessive inflammation, increasing inflammatory macrophage and dendritic cell activation and subsequent T_H1/T_H17 responses contributing to the regulation of the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. In this review, we briefly introduce recent studies of neutrophil function as players of immune response.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate morphological characteristics of veiled lady mushroom (Dictyophora sp.). Morphological observation of mycelium showed the presence of chlamydospore-like swelling cells, and typical mycelial champ connections. Fruiting body of the veiled lady mushroom consists of cap, velum, stipe, and vulva. Oval-shaped eggs were surrounded by exodermis, gelatin layers and endodermis, and the fruiting bodies remained inside volva as liquid gelatin layer. Dark green spore layer was formed at the top of cap. The surface eggs in the cultivated veiled lady mushroom was covered with white needle-shaped mycelial projection that was oval in shape. The velum of fruiting body stretched down to the top of volva. The net was regularly shaped, and smelled like fragrance with chestnut flower. The strain KACC 50650 was identified as Dictyophora echinovolvata based on the morphology of eggs and fruiting bodies, and named as Huin-Dol-Gi-Mang-Tae mushroom in Korean.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.395-406
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• 2011

In this research a numerical simulation method is developed for moving body in free surface flows using fixed staggered rectangular grid system. The non-linear free surface near the body is defined by marker-density method. The body boundary is defined by line segment connecting the points where the body surface and grid line meet. Continuity equation and Navier-Stokes equations are used as governing equations and the equations are coupled with two-step projection method. The velocities and pressures of body boundary and free surface cells are calculated with simultaneous iterative method. To treat a body movement in a fixed grid system, the volume displaced by moving body is added to the divergence of the body boundary cell. For the verification of the present numerical method. vortex shedding period of advancing cylinder is calculated and the period is compared with existing experiment results. Moreover, added mass and damping coefficients of a vertically excited box are calculated and the computed results are compared with published experiment results. Impulsive pressure and water level variation due to sloshing phenomenon are simulated and the results are compared with published experiment results. Varying the plunger shape, the waves generated by plunging type wave maker are compared with the 2nd order Stokes wave theory The plunger shape generating the wave that shows the best agreement with the theory is represented.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.471-482
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to produce slacks pattern for pregnant women in the mid or second half period of their pregnancy according to the development figure of the body shell from a follow-up measurement. We here would like to produce slacks pattern for pregnant women constructed to fit better with their individual property in their figure and to help maintain the shape and beauty of the lower half of body and would compare it with two manufactured slacks pattern. The results of the study were as follows; 1. As the pregnancy proceeds, the height of natural-waist line went up spontaneously due to the projection of abdominal region, therefore, it was given darts at the front zipper part so that they could maintain a nice figure and to avoid possibility of feeling oppressed. To acquire a slimmer outfit, we made of the slacks-bottom narrower than the width at the knee line, and it worked out. 2. Sensory evaluation for appearance: According to the statistical of the result of 19items on the questionaire, all items showed significant difference(a$\leq$0.01) between the new and A(bunka) B(Kim's pattern) method slacks pattern, with the new pattern having higher scores. The new drafting method proved to be better fitted, to fit the shape of bodies properly and to get a visual effect to look slim.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.49
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• pp.33-58
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• 2017

As a living space, house constitutes a good part of inhabitants' life, making the rhythm of life. This rhythm tends to be reflected into the house, establishing a sort of intercommunications between the house and its inhabitants. Becoming a living element, the house can endow the writer with literary resources. It is interrelated with its inhabitants. Thus, Duras' work preserves many invisible and fusional traces of links between her characters and the house. With her writing, the house displays important traces of life, with which a body of meaning is to be formed. It implies habits, imprints, links, and so on. Here, its projection into the imaginary also takes place for our writer. With this perspective in view, Duras is supposed to objectify her characters as physical and imaginary bodies. This introduces the passage from the real to the imaginary and vice versa. Unknown stories hidden behind the living places can come to manifest themselves through her writing.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.71-88
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• 2012

The global warming is probably the most significant issue of concern all over the world and according to the report published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the average temperature and extent of global warming around the globe have been on the rise and so have the uncertainty for the future. Such effects of global warming have adverse effects on basic foundation of the mankind in numerous ways and water resource is no exception. The researches on water resources assessment for climate change are significant enough to be used as the preliminary data for researches in other fields. In this research, a total of 124 peer-reviewed publications and 57 reports on the subject of research on climate change related to water resources, that has been carried out so far in Korea has been reviewed. The research on climate change in Korea (inclusive of the peer-reviewed articles and reports) has mainly focused on the future projection and assessment. In the fields of hydrometeorology tendency and projection, the analysis has been carried out with focus on surface water, flood, etc. for hydrological variables and precipitation, temperature, etc. for meteorological variables. This can be attributed to the large, seasonal deviation in the amount of rainfall and the difficulty of water resources management, which is why, the analysis and research have been carried out with focus on those variables such as precipitation, temperature, surface water, flood, etc. which are directly related to water resources. The future projection of water resources in Korea may differ from region to region; however, variables such as precipitation, temperature, surface water, etc. have shown a tendency for increase; especially, it has been shown that whereas the number of casualties due to flood or drought decreases, property damage has been shown to increase. Despite the fact that the intensity of rainfall, temperature, and discharge amount are anticipated to rise, appropriate measures to address such vulnerabilities in water resources or management of drainage area of future water resources have not been implemented as yet. Moreover, it has been found that the research results on climate change that have been carried out by different bodies in Korea diverge significantly, which goes to show that many inherent uncertainties exist in the various stage of researches. Regarding the strategy in response to climate change, the voluntary response by an individual or a corporate entity has been found to be inadequate owing to the low level of awareness by the citizens and the weak social infrastructure for responding to climate change. Further, legal or systematic measures such as the governmental campaign on the awareness of climate change or the policy to offer incentives for voluntary reduction of greenhouse gas emissions have been found to be insufficient. Lastly, there has been no case of any research whatsoever on the anticipated effects on the economy brought about by climate change, however, there are a few cases of on-going researches. In order to establish the strategy to prepare for and respond to the anticipated lack of water resources resulting from climate change, there is no doubt that a standardized analysis on the effects on the economy should be carried out first and foremost.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.113-126
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• 1997

Electrical resistivity methods of dipole - dipole array profiling and Schiumberger array sounding were tested on a segment of the Woraksan granitic batholith for the research into the imaging of irregular attitudes of fracture zones in the crystaaline rock in terms of processing and interpretation schemes. By the dipole - dipole array method, inhomogeneities such as small scale of fracture zones were properly delineated down at some depth even within hard rock environment. Fracture zones were interpreted to be at the boundaries between the high amplitude zone and very low amplitude zone in the resistivity plot and they were also successfully outlined in two - dimensional layer and pseudo - three - dimensional volume constructed by the incorporation of vertical sounding data. The surface location of the fracture zones was correlated by the zero - crossing point in the VLF(very low frequency) electromagnetic data. Pseudo - three - dimensional attitudes of fracture zones were efficiently illuminated by optimum projection angle. The mean of bulk resistivity for the Woraksan granite and the near fracture zones is estimated to be approximately of 4,000 ohm - m which is much higher than the value of 700 ohm - m for the Rwachunri limesilicate environment. This difference is due to both the rock type, i.e., biotite granite vs limesilicate, and the occurrence of secondary openings of fold and fault associated with the intrusion of granite. In this study statistical analyses on the resistivity color plot were performed in terms of three representative statistical moments, i.e., standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. The fracture zones in the standard deviation plot were characterized by the higher value, compared to the value of homogeneous portion. The upper boundary of the high resistivity zone was also successfully delineated in the skewness and kurtosis plots.