• 제목/요약/키워드: present value

검색결과 6,059건 처리시간 0.037초

Lard와 Corn oil이 Ethanol로 처리한 Mouse의 혈청 총 Cholesterol함량 및 간 Thiobarbituric acid치에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Lard and Corn oil on Serum total Cholesterol Content and Liver Thiobarbituric acid Value in Mice treated with Ethanol)

  • 백정희
    • 대한가정학회지
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.5-11
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    • 1980
  • The study carried out to clarify the effects of lard and corn oil on serum total cholesterol content and liver thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value in ethanol (Et-OH) fed mice. Results obtained from the present study were a follows: 1. serum total cholesterol content was considerably increased by 25% Et-OH administration in mice. In case of 25% Et-OH plus Lard group and Lard group both group were also increased significantly to compare with normal value of mice but 25% Et-OH plus lard group was shown very higher value rather than that of Lard group and Lard group was found similar tendency to compare with the 25% Et-OH plus saline group except to after the 1 day. 2. serum total cholestrol content of 25% Et-OH plus Corn oil group and corn oil group were also increased significantly to compare with normal value, but the 25% Et-Oh plus Corn oil group slightly higher level than that of Corn oil group except to after the 3 days. 3. Lard group was also very similar tendency to compare with the corn oil group except to the 3 days. 4. liver TBA value was increased by 25% Et-OH fed mice. 25% Et-OH plus Lard group and Lard group were also increased significantly to compare with liver TBA value in normal mice, but 25% Et-OH plus Lard group was found higher value rather than that of lard group and 25% Et-OH group (Control). Lard group was similar to that of Control group except to after the 1 day. And 25% Et-OH plus Corn oil group was considerably increased rather than that of Control group, and liver TBA value of the above group was similar to that of 25% Et-OH plus Lard group except to after the 3 days. Corn oil group was shown lower value than that of lard group, but it was no significant.

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지각된 가치가 고객만족과 재구매 의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 전통시장 이용 고객을 중심으로 (A Study on the Effects of Perceived Value on Customer Satisfaction, and Repurchase Intention among Traditional Markets Users in KOREA)

  • 조준상
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제11권10호
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    • pp.93-105
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    • 2013
  • Purpose - This empirical analysis determines the structured causal relations between perceived value, customer satisfaction, and repurchase intention among users of traditional markets. The results of this analysis would help merchants and market operators indevisingan appropriate strategy to successfully manage traditional markets. Research design, data, methodology - The perceived value model of traditional markets includes functional value (price), functional value (quality), emotional value, and social value. In this study, the perceived value of traditional markets is considered as an independent variable, while customer satisfaction and repurchase intention are shown as the dependent variables, where customer satisfaction is also considered as the mediating variable. The study aims to ascertain the extent of influence of the perceived value of traditional markets on customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. We use regression analysis to verify the effects. The measurement items were already deemed as reliable and valid in the previous study, but for this purpose, we made some modifications. We distributed questionnaires to 300 consumers on a national scale, and finally used 241 consumer responses among these as a sample. We analyzed the data using the SPSS 21.0 statistical program. Results - We obtained the following results. First, the order of perceived value dimensions of traditional markets that positively impact customer satisfaction is functional value (price), social value, emotional value, and functional value (quality). Second, the perceived value sometimes directly affects repurchase intention; its effect is typically strong with customer satisfaction as a parameter. The order of perceived value dimensions that positively impact repurchase intention is social value, functional value (price), emotional value, and functional value (quality). Third, the perceived value significantly influences repurchase intention, with customer satisfaction as the mediating variable. Conclusions - We should recognize the importance of perceived value in retail distribution markets, such as traditional markets. Moreover, we need to develop strategies to improve the perceived value. The practical implications of the study are as follows. First, with regards to functional value (quality; price) dimensions, we should have an appropriate assortment of high quality products that are reasonably priced. In addition, customers are satisfied with the friendly service, discounts, and other benefits provided by the merchants. Second, in terms of emotional value dimension, we need to develop differentiated events that provide fun and emotional experience to the customers. Third, in the context of social values dimension, we should strive to positively influence society to enhance social image through activities such as social services and contribution to community development. On the basis of these results, we present the implications, limitations, and future directions for the research. One of the policy implications of the study is that merchants of traditional markets must actively select customers and develop customer value. However, this study is limited in the fact that the population used for data collection is not fully representative, as the survey only covered some specific areas. Moreover, future studies could also benefit with additional research using moderating variables.

Quality, Product Quality, and Market Share Increase: A Perspective for Management Decisions

  • Ryu, Dongsu
    • International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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    • 제2권3호
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    • pp.161-187
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    • 2001
  • Starting with the meaning of the word quality, diverse concepts connoted by the term are examined. Instead of a bathtub curve, the desirable shape of a failure rate covering the entire life of a good product, which might be called hockey-stick line, is introduced. From the hockey-stick line and the definition of reliability, two measurements are extracted. The terms reliability, failure rate, product life, and durability are explained. From the customer's standpoint, the concept of product quality is classified in five factors, according to related technology: performance, reliability, conformance to specifications, customer perception, and fundamentals advantage. The correlation of the five factors for a first-class product is discussed, Since the market share of a company is determined as the competition result of its product value, defined as product quality and price, the market share increase is derived mathematically from the increment of product value. The market share increase, $\Delta$S, can be calculated from the present market share, S, and the oriented relative value increment of new product, R, to the current product in the same company for the same market target: $\Delta$S : $\Delta$(1-S). R/(1+S.R). Finally, the importance of separating warranty cost from the profit equation for the durables is explained.

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Estimating the economic value of agricultural water using the virtual water concept

  • Lee, Gyumin;Kim, Yoon Hyung
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제44권4호
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    • pp.636-641
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    • 2017
  • Water is an essential resource for human survival. According to the OECD Environmental Outlook to 2050, rapid industrialization and a global population increase by approximately two billion will likely increase global water use by 55% in 2050. However, water depletion has been getting worse than before and has been happening more quickly, as Earth's water resources are limited. The present study proposes water management measures by using the virtual water theory which enables water consumption measurement and the confirmation and recognition of water scarcity problems, and will support the development of counter-measures. As a method for estimating the value of agricultural water, virtual water theory was used to calculate the amount of agricultural water input for domestic rice and to apply prices of agricultural water in the United States and China to Korean water prices. When the Chinese price was applied to Korean water prices, the value of agricultural water represented 0.3% of the Korean rice producer's price. When the US price was applied to Korean water prices, the value of agricultural water represented 1.6% of the domestic rice producer's price. The study exposes the percentage of the value of agricultural water in agricultural product prices, as well as how this scare resource may affect future prices. In the future, if there are water charges to effectively manage agricultural water, this study, which uses the virtual water theory, can be used as a preliminary research.

즉시와 항상적인 관점에서의 U-북디자인 가치 연구 (A Study on the Value of U-Book Design in the Immediate and Ultimate Viewpoints)

  • 김남형
    • 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국콘텐츠학회 2006년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.853-855
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    • 2006
  • 현재 출판계는 'U-출판', 라틴어로는 '유비쿼터스(Ubiquitous)출판' 시대를 맞이하였다. 책의 개념이 전통적인 종이책(paper media book) 개념에서, e-북 개념을 넘어 U-북 개념으로 발전하고 있다. 그러나 시대에 따라 매체에 따라 책의 개념이 바뀌어도 변하는 디자인적 가치와 변하지 않은 디자인적인 가치가 있다. 이러한 관점을 즉시(the immediate)와 항상적(the ultimate)가치라고 할 수 있다. 즉시(the immediate)는 시대정신을 표현하는 현시대의 가치를 의미하고, 항상적인 가치는 디자인을 전달하는 매체의 차이에도 불구하고 시대를 초월하여 변하지 않는 것을 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 2005년부터 시작된 U-북 개념의 디자인을 즉시와 항상적인 가치의 관점에서 연구하고자 한다.

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In vitro evaluation of resonance frequency analysis values to different implant contact ratio and stiffness of surrounding material

  • Kwak, Mu-Seung;Kim, Seok-Gyu
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.428-433
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    • 2013
  • PURPOSE. The present study was aimed to evaluate the influence of implant contact ratio and stiffness of implant-surrounding materials on the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) values. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Seventy resin blocks that had the different amounts (100, 50, 30, 15%) of resin-implant contact (RIC) were fabricated. Ten silicone putty blocks with 100% silicone-implant contact were also made. The implants with ${\phi}5.0mm{\times}13.0mm$ were placed on eighty specimen blocks. The RFA value was measured on the transducer that was connected to each implant by Osstell Mentor. Kruskal-Wallis and Scheffe's tests (${\alpha}$=.05) were done for statistical analysis. RESULTS. The control resin group with 100% RIC had the highest RFA value of 83.9, which was significantly different only from the resin group with 15% RIC among the resin groups. The silicone putty group with 100% contact had the lowest RFA value of 36.6 and showed statistically significant differences from the resin groups. CONCLUSION. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, there was no significant difference in the RFA values among the resin groups with different RIC's except when the RIC difference was more than 85%. A significant increase in the RFA value was observed related to the increase in stiffness of material around implant.

프랜차이즈 레스토랑 브랜드 자산 및 가치가 소비자 애호도와 만족도에 미치는 영향 연구 (A Study on the Effects of Restaurant Franchise Brand Equity and Value on Customer Loyalty and Customer Satisfaction)

  • 김찬우;김동수
    • 한국조리학회지
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    • 제22권7호
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    • pp.222-234
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구에서는 프랜차이즈 레스토랑의 브랜드 자산과 브랜드 가치가 소비자 애호도와 소비자 만족도에 얼마나 영향을 끼치는지 측정하였다. 선행연구를 토대로 변수간의 영향관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 설문 조사는 프랜차이즈 레스토랑 이용경험이 있는 소비자들을 대상으로 2016년 3월 1일부터 4월 11일까지 시행하였으며, 서울과 수도권을 중심으로 설문을 받아 진행하였다. 연구결과, 프랜차이즈 레스토랑의 브랜드 자산과 브랜드 가치는 소비자 애호도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 소비자 애호도는 소비자 만족도에 긍정적인 영향을 나타냈다. 또한, 프랜차이즈 레스토랑의 브랜드 자산과 브랜드 가치는 소비자 애호도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

Effect of Conservation on Plant Species Diversity, Kurdistan, Western Iran

  • Pourbabaei, Hassan;Rahimi, Verya
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.10-19
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    • 2016
  • This study was carried out in the Boin and Miryousef regions in Baneh of Kordestan province, west of Iran. Both areas were divided into two parts including protected and unprotected areas. In each area, 20 $1000-m^2$ circular plots were established following a selective method. Tree and shrub species were identified and the number of these species was counted in each sampling plot. The results indicated that 7 trees, 4 shrubs and 109 herbaceous species were found in the studied areas, 40 herbaceous, 7 tree and 3 shrub species were present in protected area, while unprotected area had 16 herbaceous and 3 tree species. The highest value of diversity indices belonged to protected areas in all vegetation layers. In tree layer, Quercus brantii had the greatest value of SIV, whereas the lowest value belonged to Pistacia atlantica. In shrub layer, the highest and lowest values of SIV belonged to Daphne mezereum and Cerasus microcarpa, respectively. Finally, in herbaceous layer, Luzula spicata had highest value of SIV, and lowest value was belonged to Galium sp.

다중 가변 문턱값을 이용한 복셀 칼라링 기법에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Voxel Coloring using Multi-variable Thresholding)

  • 김효성;이상욱;남기곤
    • 한국정보통신학회논문지
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    • 제9권5호
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    • pp.1102-1110
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    • 2005
  • 본 논문에서는 기존 복셀 칼라링 기법에서의 색상 일관성에 대한 문턱값 문제를 해결하기 위한 개선된 복셀 칼라링 기법을 제안하였다. 제안 기법에서는 표면 복셀에 대한 색상 일관성의 문턱값을 내부 복셀의 색상 일관성 값으로 대체함으로써 복셀 칼라링의 반복 회수가 증가함에 따라 개별 표면 복셀에 대한 최적의 문턱값을 찾아가도록 하였다. 또한 그래프 절단 기법을 적용하여 주위 복셀을 제거 판단에 함께 고려함으로써 표면 잡음을 감소시켰다.

스포츠센터 이용객들의 레스토랑선택속성이 신뢰, 경험가치, 그리고 추천의도에 미치는 영향 (The Relationships among Selection Attribute, Trust, Experiential Value, and Recommendation for Sport Center Consumers)

  • 김화영;박혜빈;박정미;이상묵
    • 한국조리학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.66-73
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    • 2017
  • This study was performed to verify the relationships among selection attribute, restaurant trust, experiential value, and recommendation focusing on sport center consumers. The data were collected from visitors who registered more than three months in the sport center in South Korea. Total 500 survey was distributed and 330 participants were used for further statistical analysis. SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 21.0 for Windows were used for statistical analysis. Five factors of selection attribute (menu, interior, exterior, staff, convenience) were extracted, and measured by using 15 questions. According to the results of this study, interior, exterior, and staff factors have positive effects on restaurant trust, and interior and menu were significant predictors of the experiential value. In addition, present study confirmed the theoretical relationship among trust, experiential value, and recommend intention as perceived by sport center visitors. Although there are many studies which demonstrated the relationships among selection attribute and other outcome variables, little research explained the relationships among the variables from sport center consumers. Therefore, this study will contribute to provide meaningful results and some practical implications for both academia and the related foodservice industry.