• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.459-471
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• 2009

Introduction: Critical thinking involves identifying problem(s), assessing resources, and generating possible solutions and allows clinical nurses to decide which solution is the most reasonable under the given circumstances, taking into consideration the "hat ifs" and how they will affect the end result. This research was conducted to further understanding and identification of subjective factors in critical thinking in clinical nurses. Methods: The research design was a Q-Methodological Approach. Q-population was formulated from a non-structured questionnaire and interviews from 17 experienced clinical nurses. Thirty selected Q-statements were sorted by 30 experienced clinical nurses. Results: Four factors for critical thinking were identified: (1) Deductive reasoning based on causal relation, (2) Construction of an effective model based on patients' responses, (3) Formulating categories based on priorities for effective interventions, and (4) Judging validity of the situational significance on clinical performances. Conclusion: Critical thinking is an attitude and reasoning process. From this study, the frame of reference for clinical nurses in formulating critical thinking within the context of clinical settings is identified and indicates the way nurses utilize thinking skills when they care for patients and areas that need further exploration as nurses and faculty develop education systems to advance clinical performance competency.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.10
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• pp.1561-1571
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• 2013

In the previous Department of Defense informed military is needed more than ever. Residents to come to the old military thinking is not good. Study the transfer of most of the residents feel good military and some of the residents were thinking negatively. In the present study refer to the Department of Defense to improve the relationship between citizens and the future if the military is thought to ease the migration.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.8-16
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• 2010

Purpose: This study aimed to explore university students' views on a childbirth to gaining a deeper understanding of their individual thinking and the meaning that it hold for them. Methods: A Phenomenological approach was used. Subjects were 10 university students who go to university in D city. The method proposed by Colaizzi (1978) was used to guide the process of data analysis. Results: The formulated meaning were classified into nine themes. And then the nine themes were finally grouped into five theme clusters as follow: 'a smooth life', 'the law of nature', 'living a real life', 'fear and burden'. Conclusion: University students' views on a childbirth reflect with the run of the lower birth rate and the aging population in Korean society. Therefore, nursing interventions should be directed toward supporting their positive thinking and changing their negative thinking on childbirth.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.77-96
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• 2010

Since the mid-1990s, Korea has recorded low population growth rate. Based on the figures provided by the Statistical Korea, Korea may be even confronted with decreasing trends in the total population at the end of 2010s. In addition, Korea may experience the hyper-aged society in the mid-2020s. In the depopulation era, we have to devise alternative urban management policies reflecting low and reversed trends in the urban population. It is almost certain that urban policy-makers have to deal with a new series of urban problems, even jeopardizing the continuity of urban territories. In order to minimize the negative impact derived from depopulated phenomena, they have to develop sound and sustainable urban policy alternatives. This research adopts system dynamics approaches, revealing key factors exerting significant impact on the existing urban management policies. In specific, it pays attention to major causal loops, reinforcing or balancing behavioral.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.385-398
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• 2015

In this study, we presented a App Inventor utilization Software Education program in the process of education for Computational Thinking improvement of elementary school girls. In order to analyze the effects of education programs that have been developed, to elect the 3, 4, 5 grade girls of the sample of volunteers by volunteers form collection as an experimental population, was charged with the development programs, and It was analyzed educational effect using the results of the pre-post tests. The results of the analysis, App Inventor utilization Software Education program that was developed in this study it was found that help in Computational Thinking kidney of elementary school girls.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.119-141
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• 2015

As the population of senior citizens has been increasing very rapidly, the importance of their education is gradually emphasized. To maintain their mental and physical health, the solution on the biological, physical, and educational approach might be helpful and effective. Especially in the aspect of the educational approach, the mathematics education can be regarded as an important subject for keeping the seniors in a good mental health. The reason is that the ultimate goal of mathematics education is to pursue an enhancement of mathematical thinking ability. By the reason, this study aimed to develop mathematical materials for enhancing seniors' thinking ability, and the seniors usually belong to fifties and sixties. To this purpose, this study selected the six essential mathematical thinking elements and four mathematical domains of 'number and operation', 'shape and measurement', 'possibility', and 'patterns'. Based on these elements, the mathematical materials including the nine types of activities using games and commercial manipulatives were developed. On the subject of 52 female seniors, the instruction was conducted using a part of the materials during 100 minutes. Also, 13 survey items were developed beforehand, and the survey was implemented after the class, and eventually 48 seniors responded in the survey. As a result, it is meaningful to develop the materials not only for enhancing mathematical thinking ability but for understanding and utilizing the content of materials. Furthermore, it is requested that those materials be differentiated according to the degree or the difference of age, academic ability, and sex.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.18
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• pp.1-19
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• 2006

Ageing induces huge dramatic change of society and economy rather than simple change of population structure. Ageing causes the decrease of working age population and production capable population, thus this brings growth slowness and long-term stagnation. In addition, progress in ageing decreases saving rate, consequently low saving rate brings about the decrease of country-wide investment resources. This ageing problem which is progressive rapidly needs core competence and implementation of human resource professionals to overcome this kind of environment change. First of all, it needs turnover in thinking way toward talents. Secondly, we need innovation one team to pursue innovation and creativity. Thirdly, it should be considered in a new way with the number of workers and efficiency of personnel expenses. Fourthly, employees should make effort for self-advancement. Under the environment with newly change human resource personnels' function and role should be emphasized to maintain sustainable growth and overcome the change of management environment. Therefore, human resources should be emphasized to become competitive personnel and organization with leading the change master and creating the value of the organization.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-87
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• 2020

Judgment and decision-making studies have shown that people are easily influenced and biased by information irrelevant to the object of judgment. There is a great deal of research that indicates that bias exists in the legal judgment scene. One of them is a bias induced by defendants' character evidence. This study examined whether cognitive activities such as discussion, counterfactual thinking, and peer assessment could reduce the bias induced by the character evidece. In Experiment 1, 121 college students were asked to give the percentage they believed the defendant to be guilty. There was no cognitive activity for the control group. There were three different cognitive activities for the experimental group: discussion, counterfactual thinking and discussion, and counterfactual thinking and peer assessment. Results showed reduction in bias for all the experimental groups, and there was no difference between them. In Experiment 2, there were 125 participants from general population for the same procedure as in Experiment 1. Results showed reduction in bias only for the counterfactual thinking and discussion group. In general discussion, we speculated the implication of the results and the reason for the difference between the two experiments.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.5-28
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to review relationship between spatial characteristics of compact city and urban sustainabiliy from system dynamics perspective using causal loop analysis. It has been argued that spatial characteristics of compact city, high population density and mixed land use, are positively related to urban sustainability. However, research results that are not consistent with pros of compact city argument have been accumulated too. It is especially true when spatial characteristics of compact city are examined with regard to each dimension of sustainablility: economic, social, and environmental sustainability. Reviewing each dimension of sustainability with regard to spatial characteristics based on causal loop analysis, this paper provides more clear understanding on relationship between compact city and sustainability. Also this paper provides a base for system dynamics simulation for future study.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.217-220
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• 2009

The year of 2009 marks the $200^{th}$ anniversary of Charles Darwin's birth and the 150th anniversary of the publication of his book, On the Origin of Species. Having survived the 150 years of hardening and tempering, Darwin's theory of natural selection is now more comprehensive and powerful than ever. It casts its shadow over nearly all academic disciplines and societal sectors. It truly revolutionized the way we look at the world and ourselves. In the midst of Darwinian revolution, however, Korea remains as a backward country as far as the understanding of Darwin and his theory is concerned. A variety of intellectual activities organized to celebrate the Year of Darwin is helping to narrow the gap. This article summarizes the kinds of such activities held in Korea this year and explains how Darwin made all this possible. To paraphrase the famous quotation by Theodosius Dobzhansky, I now dare to say, "Nothing in life makes sense except in the light of evolution".