• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.213-219
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• 1996

Addition of reducing agents during extrusion markedly affected physical and chemical properties of wheat flour and gluten extrudates. Expansion at the die was increased for wheat flour and gluten extrudates. Organic materials containing sulfur were evaporated as a flavor from gluten at the die and total sulfur contents were decreased. Physical shape was different for gluten extrudates without reducing agents. It was difficult to form the long strand of gluten extrudate without cooling die. Hydroquinone accelerated cell breakdown and produced more irregular shape of extrudate. However, addition of cysteine decreased the cell breakdown and produced the long strand of gluten extrudates. Chemical reactions of reducing agents such as cysteine and hydroquinone were different for high content (＜80%) of wheat gluten. It was assumed that reducing agents donated hydrogen to inhibit the formation of disulfide crosslinking, decreased the dough strength and produced the broken cell and irregular shape of extrudates. Whereas, cysteine reacted as a binder as well as reducing agent and formed long strands. The evidence of reaction of reducing agents was shown from the fact that non-protein disulfide was increased and protein disulfide was slightly decreased from cysteine added gluten extrudate.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.140-145
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• 2021

Background: Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) has been reported to have analgesic effects. In this study an animal model of pharmacopuncture using ASN (100-500 mg/kg) was examined. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to ASN-Low (1 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-L), ASN-Intermediate (5 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-M), ASN-High (10 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-H), negative control (0.2 mL normal saline), and positive control (0.2 mL 0.5% lidocaine) groups. All experiments were administered to the rats' left hind leg. The analgesic response was assessed by monitoring the physical (hot plate, and von Frey test) and chemical (formalin) responses to pain. Results: All ASN pharmacopuncture groups demonstrated significant differences in pain response to the hot plate test, von Frey test, and formalin test, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The response of the ASN-M group and ASN-H groups to the hot plate, the formalin, and the von Frey tests were significantly different, compared to the lidocaine group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: ASN pharmacopuncture had a significant analgesic effect on SD rats in response to physical and chemical models of pain.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1033-1038
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• 2001

본 실험은 당뇨로 인한 말초신경병증에 저에너지 레이저의 효과를 알아보기 위해 것으로 흰쥐에 streptozotocin으로 당뇨를 일으켜 당뇨로 인한 말초신경병증을 유발시킨 후 He-Ne IR 레이저를 3주 동안 매일 5분간 조사하여 혈액화학 성분의 변화를 조사한 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. ALT의 활성치는 당뇨군에 비해 레이저군에서 증가하였으나 유의성은 없었다. AST의 활성치는 대조군과 당뇨군에 비해 레이저군에서 유의하게 증가되었다. LDH는 대조군에 비해 당뇨군과 레이저군에서 유의하게 감소되었다. ALP는 대조군에 비해 당뇨군과 레이저군에서 유의하게 증가되었다. CHOL은 당뇨군에 비해 레이저군에서 유의하게 감소되었다. TRlG는 당뇨군에 비해 레이저군에서 유의하게 증가되었다. CPK는 대조군과 당뇨군에 비해 레이저군에서 유의하게 증가되었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.105-112
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• 1999

In recent the superior economic benefits and the convenience of installation increased the use of geosynthetics, especially geogrids with the effects of high tensile strength. In this study, various tests were conducted to determine the physical and chemical properties of geogrids which contains durability under various critical conditions, creep behavior and the stability for installation damage in fields. With analysis of test results, the partial and total safety factors were determined and presented the long term design strength of flexible geogrids.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.177-177
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• 2001

Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) are members of the halogenated aromatic group of environmental pollutants. Because of their unique physical and chemical properties, notably their stability and widespread use, PCBs are sidely distributed and transported throughout the global environment. In fact, residues of PCBs have been identified in air, water, aquatic and marine sediments, and human tissue samples.(omitted)

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2005

For the purpose of developing liner board for water resistant corrugated board in the cold chain system, several types of base paper for corrugated board were purchased from the market and 6 different boards were produced in the mill by applying the chemicals, chosen in the previous studies, on the base paper. Then water-moisture resistance and physical properties of the boards were compared each other. The liner board which is dried at high temperature with pressure by Condebelt (CK paper) showed a superior performance in strength over common liner boards. Strength of the board increased by surface chemical treatment up to $60\%$ of compressive strength and $30\%$ of burst strength. Starch insolubilization with Ammonium Zirconium Carbonate and surface coating with a surface sizing agent and a moisture resistant chemical on CK paper showed the best result. Therefore this method was recommended to produce the outer liner board for water resistant corrugated board.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2007

For an aspect ratio (transport length-to-width) of 5, Pr=3.34, Le=0.078, Pe=4.16, Cv=1.01, $P_B=50$ Torr, only thermally buoyancy-driven convection ($Gr=4.83{\times}10^5$) is considered in this study in spite of the disparity in the molecular weights of the component A ($Hg_2Cl_2$) and B which would cause thermally and/or solutally buoyancy-driven convection. The crystal growth rate and the maximum velocity vector magnitude are decreased exponentially for $3{\le}Ar{\le}5$, for (1) adiabatic walls and (2) the linear temperature profile, with a fixed source temperature. This is related to the finding that the effects of side walls tend to stabilize convection in the growth reactor. The rate for the linear temperature profiles walls is slightly greater than for the adiabatic walls far varied temperature differences and aspect ratios. With the imposed thermal profile, a fixed source region, both the rate and the maximum velocity vector magnitude increase linearly with increasing the temperature difference for $10{\le}{\Delta}T{\le}50K$.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1997

Recently the method of basal compound fertilizer (N : P : K = 18.2 : 9.8 : 35.0) Placement has been changed from banding to broadcasting in tobacco cultivation. The effects of the compound fertilizer placement, level of fertilizer and additional urea application on the agronomic characteristics, two chemical compositions and physical Properties of burley tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. KB 108) were investigated at Chonju Experiment Station, Korea Ginseng and Tobacco Research Institute in 1995-1996. Six treatments consisted of (1) band (method of fertilizer Placement) + In kg/10a(compound fertilizer) + 0(additional urea applied), (2) broadcast+140+0, (3) broadcast+140+25, (4) band+180+0, (5) broadcast+180+0, and (6) broadcast +180+25. The additional urea was applied at hilling. No significant differences were detected between banding and broadcasting method of compound fertilizer Placement in field 9rowth, wield, organoleptic qualify(price Per kilogram), chemical composition and Physical properties of cured leaf, The increased compound fertilizer by 30%(40k/10a) or the additional urea application by 25kg per 10a produced slightly higher yield than the recommended amount of basal compound fertilizer without additional urea application did. It also increased the total alkaloid content of cured leaf. It is recommended that no more basal fertilizer above the recommended amount and no additional urea application are needed in burley tobacco fertilization, even though the method of basal fertilizer placement being chanced from banding to broadcasting. Key words : Nicotiana tabacum, fertilizer placement, additional urea.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2003

In this study, durability performance of blended cement mortars is evaluated when various mineral admixtures are used with the cement. A comprehensive evaluation of the effects of mineral admixtures on the mortar performance was made. The properties of fresh and hardened blended mortars investigated include slump flow and compressive strength. The durability characteristics of cement materials incorporating the mineral admixtures under various physical and chemical causes of deterioration was investigated. The laboratory test results indicate that mechanical and durability properties of blended cement mortars have superior performance rather than ordinary cement mortars.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2002

Ultrasound has been found useful as a therapeutic modality for the reduction of muscular and tendinous spasm. It has also been utilized for pain and other pathologic conditions through the ability of soundwaves to introduce molecules of chemical substances through the skin by a process. Choice of the transmission medium is very important for effective ultrasound treatment in clinical field. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of various ultrasound conduction media in regard to ultrasound conductivity and degree of absorption, evaporation and of skin irritation. The media used in this study were Antiphlamine, Sacch lotion, Stereogel, Trastgel, Antiphlamine S lotion, and Mentholatum lotion that have been used in clinical medicine. The study revealed that Antiphlamine was not compatible with a good ultrasound transmitter. Other media excluding Antiphlamine were compatible with a good ultrasound conductor, but they had some drawback with their nature of higher absorption, evaporation and skin irritation. The medium that was prepared by mixing of Antiphlamine with Gel in 1 to 10 ratio was a good ultrasound transmitter and extents of absorption and evaporation and of skin irritation of it were less than the other media.