• 대한수학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.437-454
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• 2000

Let C be a smooth k-gonal curve of genus g. We study the number of pencils of degree k on C. In case $g\geqk(k-a)/2$ we state a conjecture based on a discussion on plane models for C. From previous work it is known that if C possesses a large number of pencils then C has a special plane model. From this observation the conjectures are split up in two cases : the existence of some types of plane curves should imply the existence of curves C with a given number of pencils; the non-existence of plane curves should imply the non-existence of curves C with some given large number of pencils. The non-existence part only occurs in the range $k(k-1)/2\leqg\leqk(k-1)/2] if k\geq7$. In this range we prove the existence part of the conjecture and we also prove some non-existence statements. Those result imply the conjecture in that range for $k\leq10$. The cases $k\leq6$ are handled separately.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.705-717
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• 2018

We construct some infinite series of free and nearly free curves using pencils of conics with a base locus of cardinality at most two. These curves have an interesting topology, e.g. a high degree Alexander polynomial that can be explicitly determined, a Milnor fiber homotopy equivalent to a bouquet of circles, or an irreducible translated component in the characteristic variety of their complement. Monodromy eigenspaces in the first cohomology group of the corresponding Milnor fibers are also described in terms of explicit differential forms.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.28-31
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• 2012

Pencils are common instruments for children to use and play with. This report describes an unusual penetrating orbitocranial injury in a 5-year-old girl who was struck in her facewith a pencil. She was holding it at a desk, and her friend pushed her back. The pencil penetrated the left lower eyelid and went deep into the right frontal lobe through the base of the skull. It was removed at the emergency room, after which brain CT was performed to detect the development of an intracranial hematoma. No complications occurred after conservative management with antibiotics and an antiepileptic drug. Pencils can be hazardous to children, and a penetrating head injury with a pencil may be managed without cranial surgery.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2007

목화바둑명나방[Palpita indica (Saunder)]의 더듬이에 있는 감각기와 꼬리털의 구조를 주사전자 현미경을 통하여 관찰하였다. 목화바둑명나방의 암컷과 수컷에는 공통적으로 6 종류의 감각기가 분포하고 있었으며, 그 종류로는 긴털감각기 (Ltr: long trichodea sensilla), 짧은털감각기 (Str: short trichodea sensilla), 센털감각기 (Ch: chaetica sensilla), 돌기함몰형감각기 (Cos: coeloconicum sensillum around spines), 종상감 각기 (Ca: camaniformia sensilla), 돌출형감각기 (St: styloconica sensilla) 등이 있다. 그러나 함몰형감각기(Co: coeloconicum sensillum)는 암컷에서만 관찰이 되었고, 이에 반하여 수컷에서는 구두주걱형감각기(Au: auricillica sensillum)가 분포하고 있다. 꼬리털에는 수컷에 달려 있는 털 타래 표면에 많은 구멍이 관찰되었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권8호
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• pp.3176-3180
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• 2022

A gamma irradiator is a well-developed installation for gamma radiation sterilization. A "shuffle-dwell" mode is preferable for high dose applications. A novel configuration of a shuffle-dwell gamma irradiator is proposed to increase energy utilization and throughput, which would result in higher profitability. While the minimum distance between any irradiation position and each source pencil, the minimum distance between the neighboring irradiation positions and the size of source pencils are kept the same as the current configuration, the irradiation positions and source pencils are rearranged based on the fact that radiation is emitted in an isotropic fashion. The computational results suggest that the proposed configuration requires an 8.7% smaller area and exposes the product to 11.8% more gamma radiation in a 10.7% shorter irradiation time. In other words, the proposed configuration needs a smaller area and shorter irradiation time to have a better performance compared to the current shuffle-dwell gamma irradiator. Note that the claim is based primarily on an analytical calculation. Experimental and manufacturing among other practical considerations will be taken into account in the future work to exhaustively evaluate the performance of the proposed configuration and to compare it with that of the traditional configuration.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2012

Voltammetric detection of the toxic Zn ion was investigated using a fluorine-doped graphite pencil electrode (FPE). It is notable from the study that pencils were used as reference and working electrodes. In all the experiments, a clean seawater electrolyte solution was used to yield good results. The analytical working range was attained to 10 ${\mu}gL^{-1}$. The optimized voltammetric condition was examined to maximize the effect of the detection of trace Zn. The developed sensor was applied to an earthworm's tissue cell. It was found that the methods can be applicable to in vivo fluid or agriculture soil and plant science.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.117-120
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• 2014

Uranium is toxic and radioactive traces of it can be found in natural water and soils. High concentrations of it in biological systems cause genetic disorders and diseases. For the in vivo diagnosis, micro and nano range detection limits are required. Here, an electrochemical assay for trace toxic uranium was searched using stripping voltammetry. Renewable and simplified graphite pencils electrode (PE) was used in a three-electrode cell system. Seawater was used instead of an electrolyte solution. This setup can yield good results and the detection limit was attained to be at $10{\mu}gL^{-1}$. The developed skill can be applied to organic liver cell.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.1527-1575
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• 2017

In a spirit of Givental's constructions Batyrev, Ciocan-Fontanine, Kim, and van Straten suggested Landau-Ginzburg models for smooth Fano complete intersections in Grassmannians and partial flag varieties as certain complete intersections in complex tori equipped with special functions called superpotentials. We provide a particular algorithm for constructing birational isomorphisms of these models for complete intersections in Grassmannians of planes with complex tori. In this case the superpotentials are given by Laurent polynomials. We study Givental's integrals for Landau-Ginzburg models suggested by Batyrev, Ciocan-Fontanine, Kim, and van Straten and show that they are periods for pencils of fibers of maps provided by Laurent polynomials we obtain. The algorithm we provide after minor modifications can be applied in a more general context.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2018

Plasma devices such as jets, pencils, and torches have been developed as new tools that help penetration of target agents and applied to plasma medicine. However, these devices cannot be used in a large area. Therefore, we introduced a flexible plasma device, which can be treated of large area and designed as bendable plasma. In additional, in vitro model based on agarose gel was prepared that can be show effectiveness in the depth of penetration. Plasma treatment conditions such as power, time and distance can be optimized on the agarose gel wound model. The chemical structure of changed polysaccharides was predicted due to reactive excited atoms and molecules, UV photons, charged particles and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS).

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제29권3_4호
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• pp.414-424
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• 2005

This study aims to suggest new directions for the development of make-up design by understanding characteristics of deconstruction make-up and to search for new directions and methods in theme expressions and design conceptions by making illustrations with deconstruction themes. This study examines conceptual characteristics of Derrida's deconstruction, and analyzes the various deconstruction make-up styles through the famous fashion magazines such as Beauty Collection, Collections, Fem, Modain, and Vogue since 1997. The make-up illustration works in this study were made depending on these styles. At first, the nature of deconsouction make-up can be explained as deconstruction of existing methods, deconstruction of the sexes and deconstruction of history or ethnicity. The deconstruction of existing methods can be subdivided into decadence make-up, detester make-up, graphic make-up and collage make-up. Deconstruction of the sexes can be explained androgynous make-up. Deconstruction of history or ethnicity is subdivided into white makeup, ancient Egyptian dark eye make-up and raceless make-up. The deconstruction make-up illustrations present infinite possibilities in expression styles through three dimensional expressions and media mixture using not only drawing materials including watercolor, poster-color, and color pencils but also objets including magazines, coarse fabrics, screentone, beads, suede, sand and so on. The study shows that since deconstruction make-up illustrations are not limited to depiction-centered expressions, they serve creating unique images and future inspirations.