• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.141-149
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• 2023

Objectives: Most developmental screening tests have been built as parent-performed questionnaires. However, they often do not guide parents on how to answer the questionnaire. This study aimed to develop easily applicable parent guidelines. Methods: We implemented the Delphi procedure with 20 panelists. The development of the initial questionnaire was based on the results of two surveys of parents and experts provided by a policy research report that investigated the item adequacy of the Korean Developmental Screening Test. Round one included 33 items comprising all possible measurements in six categories that were identified as difficult to understand or confusing. Round two merged and modified some items and included 32 items. We defined consensus as a median agreement value of one or less and convergence and stability values of 0.5 or less. The subjective usefulness of the parent guidelines was examined based on their previous test experiences. Results: Consensus was reached after the second round, reflecting the items with the highest level of accuracy in each category. Of the 167 parents who participated in the survey, 113 (67.7%) affirmed the usefulness of the guidelines, while 10 (6.0%) answered that they were not useful. Items that recommended a different scoring strategy in answering the questionnaire from their previous measurements were found to be more useful by the parents. Conclusion: The parent guidelines, composed of five bullet points, drew on the consensus of the experts. Further studies are required to assess whether these guidelines improve the accuracy of screening tests in clinical settings.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.263-280
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• 2014

The purpose of our study was to figure out the generation gap between adolescents group and parents group in the sub-dimensions of perceptions on online games, such as harmfulness and benefits of online games, impacts and values of online games, parent-adolescent relationship with regard to online game activities, and government regulation of online games. To this end, we conducted online survey targeting middle or high school students and parents with children attending middle or high school regarding the perceptions on online games. As a result, we identified the similarities and differences between adolescents and parents generation in the sub-dimensions of perceptions on online games. Especially, we found significant differences between adolescents and parents generation in the perceptions on violence and sociality of online games. This result shows that the generation gap in these two factors may cause the conflict between parents and adolescents with regard to online game activities. Also, we ascertained the significant generation gap in the perception on parent-adolescent relationship with regard to online game activities. This result implies that parent-adolescent relationship in the developmental process of adolescents in real life was reflected in the perception on parent-adolescent relationship with regard to online game activities. Our contributions are in specifying the generation gap in the sub-dimensions of the perceptions on online games and in identifying the main causes of the conflict between parents group and adolescent group with regard to online game activities.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.25 no.3 s.87
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• pp.59-75
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• 2007

This study investigates the effects of parent-adolescent communication, adolescent self-esteem, and strategies in peer conflict situations on the satisfaction of adolescents with their peer relationships. The subjects included students attending a girls' and a boys' middle school in Gongju City. Random sampling was used to pick a class from each of the three grades in the schools. 233 students, who's both parents were living, were used in the final analysis in an effort to examine the impacts of student communication with parents on student satisfaction with their friends. The findings were as follows: the subjects most often used the yielding type of conflict-resolving strategy, followed by the cooperating, compromising, dominating, and avoiding strategy-type. The girls showed a higher level of parent-child communication than the boys. Girls had high self-esteem and mostly adopted the cooperating type of conflict-resolving strategies, followed by the yielding, compromising, dominating and avoiding strategy-type. The boys mostly employed the yielding strategy type followed by the cooperating, compromising, dominating, and avoiding strategy-types. The results indicate that the satisfaction level with friends was high among those who used the avoiding strategy-type less and yielding strategy-type more. Girls were found to have high self-esteem and engaged in communication with their parents. The compromising, cooperating, and dominating types of conflict-resolving strategies did not exercise significant influences on their satisfaction with friends.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.139-150
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• 1989

The present study was designed to answer the following questions: 1) Is there and relationship between the adolescent's sex role identity and perceived parent behavious? 2) Is there any gender differences in perceived parent behavious? 3) Is there any interaction effect between sex role identity and gender in perceived parent behaviors? 109 male and 101 female undergraduates from the five universities in Seoul served as subjects in this investigation. Subjects were administered the Parent Behavior From (PBF) and the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) in counterbalanced order. A4 (sex-role identity)×2(gender) multivariate analysis of variance was performed for the perceived paternal and maternal behaviors separately. The simultaneous confidence intervals for pairwise comparison were followed when the MANOVA was significant. In testing all hypotheses, .05 was used as a significance level in this study. For the perceived paternal behavious, 1) The androgynous group, compared with the undifferentiated group, reported greater father warmth, active involvement, greater encouragement of cognitive independence, cognitive curiosity, cognitive competence, achievement control, and conformity. 2) The androgynous individuals showed higher father warmth, congitive independence, curiosity, and cognitive competence than the feminine individuals. 3) The androgynous individuals were found to have significantly higher father warmth than the masculine individuals. For the perceived maternal behaviors, there was a significant difference between gender groups in conformity. Daughters reported higher conformity than sons. The interaction effect between sex-role identity and gender, however, was not found to be significant.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.641-658
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of parent-child communication, and the self-efficacy of middle school students on school adjustment. The data was collected from 285 middle school students living in Kwangju. For statistical analysis, Cronbach' $\alpha$, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's multiple Comparison Analysis, LSD and hierarchical regression analysis were used. The results were summarized as follows : concerning connections between demographic variables and parent-child communication, the education of the father made the most significant difference, followed by living standard, free time for communication with the father, and free time for communication with the mother. The level of communication with parent made a significant difference to each sub-factor of school adjustment. As a result of making a hierarchical regression analysis to find out the relative impact of the demographic variables on school adjustment, self-efficacy was identified as the most important variable and predictor of school adjustment. The independent variables exercised a different influence on the sub-factors of school adjustment. These results indicated that adolescent's self-efficacy is the most important variable to improve the school adjustment of students.

• Journal of Child Welfare and Development
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.87-107
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• 2018

The study shows that parent-children of the Adolescent who are in the community child center and the effect of the peer attachment influence the mobile phones. Also it has verified the mediation effect of Ego-resilience between these relationships. For this study, the Ministry of Health and welfare and the Central support group of community child center. "Community child center children panel survey" the fourth data of th second stage of 2017 has been used, 438 ist middle school students who are using the community child center have been selected. As a result, On the relation of mobile phone dependency the parent-children relationship is statistically important trust and being isolated is statistically important among peer attachment. In addition, Ego-resilience has not found to be meaningful between the parent-children only communication on the mobile phone dependency has been confirmed mediation effect among peer attachment.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.3-19
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate adolescents' coping strategies to various stressors, and to examine factors that related to their coping strategies. The subjects of the study were 355 middle school and 398 high school students. Adolescents' coping strategy was examined with a revision of the Family Crisis Oriented Personal Scale (McCubbin, Olson, & Larson, 1982). Quality of life was measured by an 11-item scale selected from Quality of Life (Olson & Barnes, 1982) in the areas of family, friend, relationship with relatives, and health and community. Parent-adolescent communication was divided into two dimensions of open communication and problem communication, using Parent-Adolescent Communication(Barnes & Olson, 1982). A measure of the self-esteem of adolescents was obtained by using selected items from the Self-Esteem Inventory(Coopersmith, 1967) and Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). Five types of coping strategies were found. These are "help from relatives/neighbors", "help from families", "self-help", "help from friends", and "help from religion". Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine significant predictor variables for adolescents' coping strategies. Sex, age, quality of parent-adolescent communication, family cohesion and adaptability, religion, and self-esteem were found important in predicting the types of coping strategies by adolescents.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.215-231
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• 2021

The study set out to identify the number of types of parental attitude profiles and their characteristics, as perceived by adolescents. The study also examined whether predictor variables (parent life satisfaction and self-esteem) influence parenting attitude profiles and whether these profiles, in turn, influence adolescent academic engagement and academic helplessness. The sample consisted of data on 2,590 adolescents and their parents from the 2018 Korean Children and Youths Panel Survey (KCYPS). The adolescents were in the first grade of middle school. Using Mplus, the author applied latent profile analysis to identify the parenting attitude profiles and predictor and outcome variables associated with these profiles. Three profiles were identified based on major features: (1) coercion-inconsistency (8.3%), (2) general (47.3%), and (3) warmth-autonomy support (44.4%). Parent life satisfaction and self-esteem predicted the classification of the profiles. Also, the parental profiles identified the level of adolescent academic engagement and academic helplessness. The findings have important implications for family policies and practices given the significance of parent psychological status, particularly life satisfaction and self-esteem, on their adolescent children's academic engagement and academic helplessness.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.92-103
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prepare basic data for education and policy proposals related to enhancement of happiness by identifying factors affecting the subjective happiness among Korean adolescents by family type. Methods: The study was a secondary analysis using the raw data of the 16th Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2020). A complex sample multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors affecting adolescent happiness by family type. Results: As a result, the factors that commonly affect the subjective happiness of adolescents for all family types were identified as economic status, academic performance, perceived stress, and loneliness. Additional factors that affect the subjective happiness of adolescents of both Korean two-parent and single parent families were sleep and subjective health status. Financial assistance, number of toilets, breakfast, exercise, depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt were also reported for Korean two-parent families. Conclusion: This study provided empirical basic data for enhancing adolescent happiness in consideration of priority targets and family composition characteristics by identifying factors affecting subjective happiness by family type. Adolescent happiness is a factor that should be actively pursued at home, school, and society, and it should be the goal of education for holistic growth of students.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.35-48
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between attachment and automatic thoughts of adolescents. A sample of 443 students at middle and high schools participated. Adolescents reported parent and peer attachment using the modified version of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (Armsden & Greenberg, 1987) and automatic thoughts using the modified version of Automatic Thought Questionnaire (Hollon & Kendall, 1980; Ingram & Wisnicki, 1988). Multiple regression analyses indicated that effects of attachments were different by the type of automatic thoughts. Specifically, trust in peer relations, trust in father-adolescent relations and communication in mother-adolescent relations were important predictors of positive automatic thought, whereas alienation in father-adolescent relations, alienation in peer relations and trust in mother-adolescent relations were important predictors of negative automatic thought.