• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2010

After selecting five types of adhesive epoxy resin for metallic cultural assets such as $Araldite^{(R)}$ rapid type, $Devcon^{(R)}$, $Araldite^{(R)}$ SV427+HV427, $CDK^{(R)}$520, $Araldite^{(R)}$ AW106+HV953 which had already been studied, this paper approached more closely the problem of yellowing and the signal of aging with time passing by connecting the problems with the safety of metallic cultural assets. The change of physical properties according to the change of state of epoxy adhesives was investigated through the change of flexural strength and the change of surface hardness by artificially providing the possible environmental change factors such as ultra-violet ray, and acid base, and how the epoxy chemically changes in its ingredients by the environment was analyzed through FT-IR. As a result of the experiment, for the most part of adhesives brought about the physical change of flexural strength, the change of surface hardness, and the chemical change of chemical ingredients as the product of alcohol, which were respectively different according to the time of ultraviolet irradiation, and acid base change. Under most of the conditions, SV427+HV427 and $CDK^{(R)}$520 were fairly stabilized under each condition of weatherability, but it seems that they should be refrained from being applied in case that the area to restore is thin and wide because the degree of flexural strength of themselves is low. Also, it is found that the preservation environment is very important not only for artifacts but also for the preservation of resins sused for preservation treatment.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.120-145
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• 2016

An understanding of 'original form' plays an important role as it is the starting point of heritage conservation. This paper delineated several types of understanding on 'original form' over times, and aims at analyzing the way how such concepts has provided a platform of repair works of timber buildings in Korea over times. Conservation in Korea was initiated by the attitude of the Japanese authority during the Colonial period and 'restoring into the earliest form', which had been set in the early stage of the Japanese conservation, has strongly influenced on Korean practice during the period. Such attitude has lasted even after the independence of Korea. In Japan, however, the attitude has shifted to taking a careful decision on the alteration of the existing form during the 1930s. In addition, examination and research in the repair work became essential steps to conduct along with the publication of the report of works. In Korea there has been lack of understanding on the importance of examination and research in repair works and the publication of report of the works has not been mandatory so that it has emphasized on the 'form' in conservation aiming at 'restoring the earliest form'. Such attitude has created the problem of replacing original material during the work which should aim at preserving and maintaining heritage in Korea. Because of these circumstances in preserving the architectural cultural properties in Korea, cultural buildings had succeeded in preserving the outer appearance but there are remaining questions on preserving the original states of them. This paper has pointed out that it is necessary to set out the principles of conserving 'original condition' through further study and discussion based on the careful consideration on both the international principles and Korean context.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.64-70
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• 2013

In this study, the effect of soxhlet extraction on dewaxing of the aged beeswax-treated paper was examined. To do this, soxhlet extraction of the aged beeswax-treated paper performed with different reflux conditions and then measured the dewaxing efficiency and change in the various properties such as tensile strength, folding endurance, color and brightness. Also, an artificial aging test was executed in order to investigate the effect of soxhlet extraction on the preservability of the dewaxed paper. As the result of FT-IR analysis, a peak area of CH and COOH group, which are main band of beeswax, was decreased or removed after soxhlet extraction. The decreasing rate of each peaks were increased depending on reflux time. After dewaxing, the physical property such as MIT type folding endurance and tensile strength was decreased. And $L^*$ value and brightness were increased while $a^*$ and $b^*$ value were decreased due to the remove of color compounds in beeswax. The more color deviation (${\Delta}E$) is expected with higher reflux times. As the result of artificial aging, preservability of two dewaxed papers except of DP_SE(C) sample was higher than that of untreated paper i.e. beeswax-treated paper.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2013

The "Historic city Preservative law" was legislated for the preservation of cultural properties and enacting regulations of managing the environment around them in 2004. This law was revised to "Historic city Preservative and Development law" in 2012, and specified the criteria for permissible behaviors in the preservative district. Therefore, this paper focused on the ancient capital Gyeongju and developed a comprehensive system for evaluating the value of the ancient historic district based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Through the evaluation of the ancient historic districts, which are the pilot project districts in the "Gyeongju Ancient Capital Preservation Plan", some preferential projects were objectively proposed. As a result, according to the evaluation among 10 ancient historic districts in Gyeongju, Daereungwon got a score of 78.34, which is the highest among 7 special preservation districts. On the other side, the Gyo-dong area got a score of 76.14, the highest among 3 historic and cultural environmental districts. Finally, for the preservation and development of Gyeongju, some efficient preservation and development plans were objectively proposed for the pilot project districts in the "Gyeongju Ancient Capital Preservation Plan".

• Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.23-27
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• 2012

Bletilla striata is an important herb that is used as a paste for texture processing, an ingredient in incense and an additive for preserving calligraphic works and paintings. This study evaluated Bletilla striata, which has been used to preserve and manage the textiles and paper. In particular, this study examined the viscosity of a paste made from Bletilla striata, as well as the mechanical characteristics and antibiotic properties of the fabrics treated with the herb. In terms of viscosity, Bletilla striata paste was less sticky than wheat flour paste, meaning that the former can be applied more evenly to sized fabrics. In addition, Bletilla striata paste has high transparence, ensuring little color difference between the fabrics treated and not treated with the paste. Regarding the mechanical characteristics of the fabrics processed using the KES-FB System, the sized fabrics treated with Bletilla striata paste showed a higher flexibility and recovery rate and than those treated with the wheat flour paste, indicating that the former paste can be more effective in making fabrics maintain their original form and shape. Finally, silk fabrics treated with Bletilla striata showed very high antibiosis. This suggests that the paste can be used to develop antibiotic substances that can preserve textiles.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.35-40
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• 2001

The wall painting and Relief type sculpture were a part of an architecture. Therefore they had better to be preserved in situ, differing with other works of arts. But we confronted inevitable cases to transfer them in appropriate place to conserve. And considering their fragility and a potential danger such as a vibration and shock in process of transfer, we had to do the preventive treatments to prohibit unexpected deteriorations. In this paper, I mention the transferring process when Kwon's 'Relief' was faced to be removed by reconstruction program. A preventive treatment and packaging method were referred in priority.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.766-768
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• 2007

Tourism content is one of the most important tourism resources in the regions and cities. also it is generally that is close with the regional identity. Currently our country case, it is true that tourism products and festival which consisted of same or similar ones are produced and held. But, we do not recognized that tourism contents applied same or similar ones are all representative tourism resources in the regions and cities. This paper thus analyzes the regional comparison between gangneung and paju using yul-gok as tourism contents and indicates their relation and a historical process of development for appling tourism contents in each region. For the aim of this study, the comparative analytic method of this study is divided four parts-tangible cultural properties, cultural events and festival, tourism policy, tourism information.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.10 no.3 s.35
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• pp.229-236
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• 2005

The Semantic Web enables machines to achieve an effective retrieval, integration, and reuse of web resources. The keyword search method currently used has a limit to accurate search results because of a simple string matching method in web environment. This paper proposes an Ontology-Based Information Retrieval which can solve the problems and retrieve better search results through semantic relations. In this system, we implemented the Cultural Assets Ontology based on OWL with RDQL and Jena API. we also suggest a method to handle properties stored in a database.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2013

The following study tests for the effects of mordants on the production of restoration papers during the conservation process of damaged paper artifacts. For this, four different types of synthetic mordants that are being marketed currently ($K_2CO_3$, $AlK(SO_4)_2{\cdot}12H_2O$, $Cu_2SO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$, $FeSO_4$) were selected to produce samples for measuring variable properties through artificial degradation. The research conducts tests for changes in color, tensile index, and pH level (degree of acidity). The results for changes in color have shown that the value of ${\Delta}E^*ab$ of $K_2CO_3$ mordant sample was the highest, and the tests for tensile index have shown that the strength of dyeing sample was decreased in accordance with the aging time, but Changes according to the mordant was not evident. Finally, the findings for pH level have shown that samples with $Cu_2SO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$ and $FeSO_4$ have pH levels drop below 6. As a result, the research have concluded that mordants used for dyeing restoration paper were identified to have an affect in the dyeing and aging characteristics of the paper.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.377-383
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• 1986

About 300 cellulolytic actinomycetes isolated from soils were tested for their cellulase activities estimated by means of filter paper swelling and carboxymethyl cellulose saccharifying activity. Then, 16 isolates which had shown relatively high levels of CMCase activity were selected and examined for their abilities of $\beta$-glucosidase production. Among them strain No. 109 was found to have highest level of intracellular $\beta$-glucosidase, and selected for the further studies. In this paper, the cultural, morphological and physiological properties, and cell wall composition of strain No. 109 were described in relation to the taxonomic status of this actinomycete. Based on the results obtained in these experiments strain No. 109 was identified to be a similar species to Streptomyces tanashiensis.