• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.200-206
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• 2001

In this study we tried to optimize the enzyme reaction conditions for the synthesis of highly branched isomaltodextrin (Mw > 2.5 kDa) using two dextransucrases from L. mesenteroides B-742CB and B-512FMCM that are dextransucrase constitutive mutants. As the concentration of sucrose or the ratio of maltose to sucrose increased, the amount of dextran decreased and the number and the amount of acceptor-products (of sucrose or maltose) increased. With high sucrose concentration (over 34%), there was more branched isomaltodextrin (as acceptor products) than dextran. When the ratio of sucrose to maltose was 2.5, there produced 86.7% of isomaltodextrin were produced. The Mw of dextrans, however, was over 2${\times}$10(sup)6 and there was no significant amounts of branched clinical dextran or high molecular weight oligosaccharides. With the combined activities of B-742CB dextransucrase and B-512FMCM dextransucrase we could synthesize high molecular weight branched isomaltodextrin (Mw>2.5 kDa). The high molecular weight dextran was composed of high branches as B-742CB dextran.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.141-156
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• 2010

Objective : This study was conducted to examine the relationships among health & oral health promotion behavior according to BMI. The subjects in this study were 704 high school students. Methods : A survey was conducted, and Chi-square, T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. The findings of the study were as follows; Results : Man is normal weight group accounted for 65.9%, and women is 69.7%(p<0.001). Health & oral health promotion behavior of nutrition(p<0.01) and exercise(p<0.001) that men were higher than women. But health responsibility was higher to women(p<0.001). As to the relationship for the BMI to health promotion behavior, nutrition is over weight group accounted for 3.45, obesity group 3.43, normal weight group 3.26 and under weight group 3.16(p<0.05). Exercise is over weight group accounted for 2.70(p<0.05), and nutrition for oral health is obesity group accounted for 3.47(p<0.05). As for correlation among the BMI, stronger social support, more exercise, better nutrition for oral health, there was a statistically significant relationship between BMI. As the factors significantly affecting BMI, their satisfaction level with exercise, nutrition for oral health, life appreciation, stress management for oral health. Conclusions : This study suggested that health & oral health promotion behavior of high school students in an effort to help improve policy setting on health projects and determine how to teach teens to promote their health throughout their lives.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2003

Purpose : Nowadays, there are many studies of growth retardation treatment by oriental medical therapy. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of Hwalhyulsungjang-san (Huoxuechengzhang-san) and KC101 on physical development in growth, Methods : 60 young (3 weeks old) male rats, whose mean weight was $46.8{\pm}0,7g$, were divided into 5 groups : groups A, B, C, and D were fed an experimental diet containing respectively Hwalhyulsungjang-san 2.5%, Hwalhyulsungjang-san 7.5%, KC101 5.0%, and KC101 10.0%, and the other group were fed an AIN-diet containing neither Hwalhyulsungjang-san nor KC101 as a control. Study of each group used 2 rats and was repeated in 6 times. Body weight, daily weight gain, dietary intake, body length, femur length, backbone length and serum concentration of IGF-I and hemoglobin were measured. Result : 1. Body weight and daily weight gain of group D (KC101 10%) were highest; dietary intake of group D was also increased by 13% over the control group. 2. Average body length of group D was increased to 1.69cm, which was 3.2% over the control group. Backbone length of group D was also increased 4% compared to control group. 3. Serum concentration of IGF-I of group D increased 17% compared to control group. 4. Serum concentration of hemoglobin of group B (Hwalhyulsungjang-san 7.5%) increased 8% compared to control group. Conclusion : This study showed that Hwalhyulsungjang-san and KC101 composed of oriental medicinal stuffs have effect on physical development in growing rats. There were not any statistical meaning compared to control group, but this study suggests that intake of these compounds from a young age may lead to increase physical development in growth.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1621-1626
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• 2012

Background and objectives: Weight loss and malnutrition are common among cancer patients, these two factors greatly affecting survival and quality of life during treatment. Since cancer is becoming increasingly common in the world and in order to provide better treatment measures, it is important to identify and prevent side effects. The present study has been conducted in 2010 on a sample of cancer patients in the oncology center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences to determine the prevalence rates of malnutrition and the factors affecting it. Methods: The PG-SGA standard questionnaire was administered to 416 cancer patients to evaluate their nutrition status and determine the frequency of each malnutrition stage. Correlations and ANOVA tests were used to analyze the relationship between factors and weight loss and how they might affect the development of malnutrition. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition among the patients was 53.1% out of which 29.1% had moderate and 24% had severe malnutrition. The most common factors inducing nutritional symptoms were depression and anorexia. Some 35 % of the patients had over 5% weight loss in the last mouth. The average PG-SGA score was 10.1 with 49 being the highest. 46.1 percent of the patients scored over 9 (requiring critical nutrient intervention). Malnutrition has a high correlation with weight loss, activity limitations, nutritional symptoms, and cancer stage, but low correlation with treatment and pathologic type. Conclusion: Malnutrition has a high prevalence in Iranian cancer patients and has a close relationship with mortality, morbidity and treatment-related problems and also quality of life. Therefore, periodical assessment by PG-SGA to detect malnutrition in patients should be made so that appropriate nutritional interventions can be provided.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.48-59
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effect of active nutrition care on feeding and nutritional status of elderly patients receiving long-term enteral tube feeding. Methods: Subjects included 77 elderly patients who had received enteral nutrition more than one week before admission. Nutrition care was provided to patients supplied less calories than required. Feeding intolerance was examined and managed every day and formula was adjusted to meet nutritional requirement during the first 3 months after admission. Patients were classified into under or over 80% of percent ideal body weight (PIBW) and medical records were used to compare changes in weight,, biochemical indices, and nutritional status during the study. Results: Weight, BMI, triglyceride and total cholesterol in blood, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels were significantly lower in patients under 80% of the PIBW than in those over 80% of the PIBW at admission. The percentage of supply to required calories was also lower in patients under 80% of the PIBW. After 1 month of nutritional care, supplied volume of formula was significantly increased in patients under 80% of the PIBW. Weight, BMI, and PIBW were increased and there were no differences between groups after 6 months. In addition, the concentrations of triglyceride and total cholesterol in blood, hemoglobin, and hematocrit tended to increase in patients under 80% of the PIBW, leading to no difference between groups after 3 months. Conclusions: Personalized active nutrition care is effective to increase weight and improve feeding and nutritional status in underweight elderly patients receiving long-term enteral nutrition.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.832-839
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to survey the prevalence of obesity assessed on the basis of height and weight among students in primary and secondary schools in the metropolitan area of Seoul, Korea during the period of 1979 to 1996. The major findings are as follows ; 1) The fiftieth percentile values of BMI have increased more in mid-ranged age group than upper(16-17 years old) and lower(6-7 years old) ranged age groups. 2) The prevalence of obesity by standard weight of height was higher among male students than female students and students in the primary schools showed higher weight increase than adolescent age(12-17 years old) group. As a whole, the prevalence of obesity over last 18 years has increased 4.6 times in males and 3.2 times in females. 3) Judged on the basis of the BMI 90th, 95th percentile values of 1979 , the prevalence of obesity among male students showed higher increases than among female students. Higher increase was also observed among primary school students than among middle and high school students. Increase of weight was higher for the $\geq$95th percentile group than the 90-95th percentile group. 4) Judged on the basis of the BMI, 90th, 95 th percentile values of NHANES-I, the $\geq$95th percentile group showed higher increase in the prevalence of obesity than the 90-95th percentile group. According to the 1996 data, severe obesity group ($\geq$95th percentile) was about two times of NHANES-I in male primary school students, while the number for female middle and high school students was about 1/5 of NHANES-I.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.215-218
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• 2022

This study investigated the effect of adding poultry litter additive containing probiotics and amino acids to the litter on weight gain in ducks and ammonia content in poultry litter. Nine hundred 1-day-old ducks (Pekin) were randomly distributed into three groups (300 birds per treatment divided into three replicates) using a randomized block design. Treatments were top-dressed on the litter surface at rates of 2 kg poultry litter additives (T1) and 2 kg macsumsuk (T2) per m², and untreated poultry litter was used as the control. Overall, a significant difference (p<0.05) in weight gains was observed at 3 and 4 weeks, but not at 5 and 6 weeks. After 4 weeks, when compared to other treatments, the addition of poultry litter additive tended to increase the average body weight gain (90-130 g). The ammonia content was affected by all treatments (p<0.05) over time except at 3 weeks, however, compared to other treatments, the poultry litter additive decreased the ammonia content. In particular, the rate of ammonia reduction by the poultry litter additives over time was approximately 20.2%-49.2%. Regarding temperature, a significant difference was observed in all treatment groups (p<0.05), except at 3 weeks. In conclusion, considering poultry litter additives and temperature, the increase in duck weight gain was associated with a decrease in ammonia content in the poultry litter.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.336-349
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 한국인유전체역학조사사업에서 수집한 2001~2002년 기반조사 자료와 2009~2010년 4차 추적조사의 자료를 이용하여 건강한 한국 성인 3,506명의 8년 동안의 체중 변화를 파악하고, 체중 증가와 관련된 사회인구학적 요인과 식이요인을 분석하였다. 신장은 8년 동안 남자의 경우 평균 0.3 cm, 여자의 경우 0.4 cm가 감소하였으며, 체중은 남자 0.35 kg, 여자 0.65 kg 감소하였다. 허리둘레는 남자 1.71 cm, 여자는 1.85 cm 증가하였고, BMI는 남자에게서는 차이가 없었으며, 여자는 $0.2kg/m^2$ 감소하였다. BMI $25kg/m^2$ 이상의 비만율 수치가 남자는 34.5%에서 33.5%, 여자는 38.0%에서 36.7%로 감소하였으며, 복부비만율은 남자가 14.8%에서 22.2%, 여자는 28.8%에서 35.4%로 증가하였다. 기반조사에서 BMI를 기준으로 정상체중군, 과체중군, 비만군으로 분류된 집단 중 정상체중군과 비만군의 약 80%는 8년 후에도 분류 집단이 유지된 반면, 과체중군은 60% 미만이 유지되고, 약 20% 내외가 각각 정상군 또는 비만군으로 바뀌었다. 8년 동안의 체중증가에 영향을 준 일반적 특성은 남녀 모두 연령이었으며, 남자의 경우 흡연과 관련이 있었다. 또한 여자의 경우 도시거주자, 40대, 대졸이상, 소득수준이 높은 집단, 음주군의 체중 감소량이 적었다. 허리둘레는 남자의 경우 거주지역, 연령, 교육수준, 소득수준, 직업, 흡연 여부에 따라, 여자의 경우 거주지역, 교육수준, 소득수준, 직업, 흡연여부에 따라 차이가 있었다. BMI 변화에 따라 체중감소군, 체중유지군, 체중증가군으로 분류하였을 때, 8년 동안 BMI가 $1kg/m^2$이 증가한 집단은 전체의 19.5%이었으며, BMI가 $1kg/m^2$이 감소한 집단은 23.0%이었고, 남녀 모두 비슷한 분포이었다. 체중증가군은 체중, 허리둘레, BMI가 모두 증가한 집단으로 이들의 에너지 섭취량을 에너지필요추정량의 비율로 계산하여 비교한 결과 남녀 모두 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 그러나 당이 많이 들어 있는 가공식품 또는 음료의 섭취량을 비교한 결과 체중증가군의 커피믹스와 우유의 섭취량이 체중 감소군의 섭취량에 비해 유의적으로 많았다. 본 연구에서는 우리 국민들이 선호하는 커피믹스와 장기간의 체중증가와의 관련성을 제시하여 앞으로 비만 예방을 위한 영양교육과 건강증진 전략에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.100-103
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• 2007

A field experiment was conducted in Agronomy farm at an altitude of 1350 m. above sea level in a randomized complete block design with three replications and eight treatments on vegetable type soybean in 2005. The objective was to see the effect of vermicompost alone and in combination with Rhizobium inoculum and mineral fertilizers on the yield of vegetable soybean. The result showed higher number of nodules from the non inoculated plot, however, the nodules weight was highest from the inoculated plots. No significant difference was notice statistically on roots and shoots dry weight. Soybean grain was obtained highest (32.3%) over the non inoculated plot followed by vermicompost plus inoculated, however, there was non significant difference. There was a slight increment on grain and straw yield from the inoculated plots over the non inoculated.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.313-326
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• 2018

The paper studies some new ${\mathbb{C}}^n$-generalizations of Bergman type operators introduced by Shields and Williams depending on a normal pair of weight functions. We find the values of parameter ${\beta}$ for which these operators are bounded on mixed norm spaces L(p, q, ${\beta}$) over the unit ball in ${\mathbb{C}}^n$. Moreover, these operators are bounded projections as well, and the images of L(p, q, ${\beta}$) under the projections are found.