• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

In this study, we propose trajectory-based arrival management using CDO (Continuos Descent Operations). The operational procedures with TBO (Trajectory-Based Operations) concept were established to allow aircraft and ground system to share the trajectories with each other in real time. The proposed operational concept was validated in the air traffic control simulation environment, which consists of controller working position, pseudo pilot system, air traffic generation system, and controllers' decision support system for arrival management using CDO. Simulation results compared with actual flight data indicate that proposed concept could improve the efficiency of traffic flow management in terms of total descending time and fuel consumption. And it was confirmed that if there is a system that can share and utilize the synchronized trajectory, it can be helpful to control arrival aircraft and apply CDO concept.

• Journal of National Security and Military Science
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• s.2
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• pp.121-163
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• 2004

Science technique development expanded into, not only land, sea, and air operations but also those of airspace, and cyber battle spaces. It is generally accepted at this time that space centric operations currently cannot be effectively divided from air operations. However, science and technology advancements make it possible to integrate Army, Navy, Airforce, and Marine forces into effective operations as never before. The Republic of Korea Armed Forces needs to establish a more effective joint concept. The US military, considered by many experts as the most effective in the world, understands the necessity of joint operations and accordingly has highly developed its own concept of joint operations. The US joint operational concepts demonstrated their effectiveness during the Iraqi War by dominating the battlefield through effective use of all combat and non-combat power. Following the US Iraqi War experience, the US Department of Defense continued to enhance Joint Capability through the acceleration of US Military Transformation involving all components. The future national security of the Republic of Korea, faced with the peculiarity of communist threat in the form of North Korea, and the conflicting interest of four strong powers; the United States, China, Japan, and Russia, depends on small but strong armed forces employing all available combat power through effective National and Military Strategy, and considering domestic and international constraints. In order to succeed in future wars, military operations following joint operational concepts must effectively employ all available combat power in a timely manner. The Republic of Korea Armed Forces must establish a joint forces concept in order to integrate all available combat power during employment. Therefore we must establish military operations that develop the military structure and organization, doctrine, weapon systems, training and education of our armed forces based on the key concept of joint operations.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.563-588
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• 2015

In elementary school, didactical transposition is inevitable due to several reasons. In mathematics, addition and multiplication are taught as binary operations, subtraction and division are taught as unary operations. But in elementary school, we try to teach all the four operations as binary operations by didactical transposition. In 'Mastering' the concepts of the four operations, the way of concept introduction is dealt importantantly. So it is different from understanding the four operations. In this study, we analyzed the four operations of natural numbers and fractions from two perspectives: concept understanding (how to introduce concepts and how to choose an operation) and connection between the operations. As a result, following implications were obtained. In division of fractions, students attempted a connection with multiplication of fractions right away without choosing an operation, based on the situation. Also, to understand division of fractions itself, integrate division of fractions presented from the second semester of the fifth grade to the first semester of the sixth grade are needed. In addition, this result can be useful in the future textbook development.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.91-107
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• 1989

New product concept evaluation is one of the most important activities among many possible evaluation activities involved in the whole new product process. This paper aims at exploring the applicability of the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) to this new product concept evaluation. To this aim, an AHP based concept evaluation model was formulated and explained using an illustrative example. A number of issues were also raised and discussed concerning the applicability of AHP to out problem. Finally, some further research areas were identified.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.53-56
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• 2000

In this paper, we define a concept of some set-theoretical operations of L-R type fuzzy numbers and discuss some properties of these concepts. Using these results, we discuss a concept of cardinality of type-two fuzzy sets.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-37
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• 1977

• School Mathematics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.537-555
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• 2008

The study aims to analyze elementary school students' understanding of the concept of equality sign in contexts, to reflect the types of contexts for equality sign which mathematics textbook series for $1{\sim}4$ grades on natural numbers and its operation provide, and to invetigate the effects of teaching methods of the concept of equality sign suggested in this research. In order to achieve these purposes, the origin, concept, and contexts of equality sign were theoretically reviewed and organized. Also the error types in using equality sign were reflected. Modelling, discussing truth or falsity of equations, identifying relations between numbers and their operation, conjecturing basic properties of numbers and their operations, experiencing diverse contexts for equality sign, and creating contexts for equality sign are set up as teaching methods for better understanding the concept of equality sign. The conclusions are as follows. Firstly, elementary school students' under-standing of the concept of equality sign varied by context and was generally far from satisfactory. In particular, they had difficulties in understanding the concept of the equal sign in contexts with operations on both sides. The most frequently witnessed error was to recognize equality sign as a result of operations. Secondly, student' lack of understanding of the concept of equality sign came from the fact that elementary textbooks failed to provide diverse contexts for equality sign. According to the textbook analysis, contexts with operations on the left side of the equal sign in the form of $a{\pm}b=c$ were provided excessively, with the other contexts hardly seen. Thirdly, teaching methods provided in the study were found to be effective for enhancing understanding the concept of equality sign. In other words, these methods enabled students to focus on relational understanding of concept of equality sign rather than operational one.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.707-716
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• 2018

Recently, instead of technical cyber operations that directly attack the target information system by using cyber attack techniques, social engineering techniques that indirectly invade the system by exploiting the vulnerabilities of persons who manage the system are being watched. Despite this trend, there is a lot of confusion because there is no clear concept about the relationship between cyber operations and social engineering techniques. Therefore, this paper aims at establishing a clear concept of a social engineering cyber operation, helping future researchers in this literature.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 1988

This study suggests on optimal process when decision maker is confronted with expert's biased information under the situation that the bias is caused mainly by the difference of their interest. In order to make honest transmission of expert's probabilistic information, the concept of expert use and scoring rule to provide expert with an incentive is used in this paper. And expected regret concept is introduced to evaluate the value of expert's information. A simple example is also shown.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.275-278
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• 2001

TOC(Theory of Constraints) - the emphasis of this philosophy was on identifying and eliminating constraints(bottle-necks) in the system. TOC solves this and optimizes whole system by improving manufacturing constraints that limit system result. In this paper, it is shown that the concept of the "delayed differentiation" can be applied for enhancing the efficiency of the time buffer and thus reducing the of the time buffer.