• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.22.1-22.8
• /
• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of glide path preparation with PathFile and ProGlider nickel-titanium (NiTi) files on the cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne NiTi files. Materials and Methods: Forty-four WaveOne Primary files were used and divided into four groups (n = 11). In the first group (0 WaveOne), the WaveOne Primary files served as a control group and were not used on acrylic blocks. In the 1 WaveOne Group, acrylic blocks were prepared using only WaveOne Primary files, and in the PF+WaveOne group and PG+WaveOne groups, acrylic blocks were first prepared with PathFile or ProGlider NiTi files, respectively, followed by the use of WaveOne Primary files. All the WaveOne Primary files were then subjected to cyclic fatigue testing. The number of cycles to failure was calculated and the data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey honest significant difference multiple-comparison test at a 5% significance level. Results: The highest number of cycles to failure was found in the control group, and the lowest numbers were found in the 1 WaveOne group and the PF+WaveOne group. Significant differences were found among the 1 WaveOne, PF+WaveOne, and control groups (p < 0.05). No statistically significant differences were found between the PG+WaveOne group and the other three groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Glide path preparation with NiTi rotary files did not affect the cyclic fatigue resistance of WaveOne Primary files used on acrylic blocks.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.13-26
• /
• 2008

Inference on the present data will be more reliable when the data arising from previous similar studies are available. The data arising from previous studies are referred as historical data. The power prior is defined by the likelihood function based on the historical data to the power $a_0$, where $0\;{\le}\;a_0\;{\le}\;1$. The power prior is a useful informative prior for Bayesian inference such as model selection and model comparison. We utilize the historical data to perform multiple comparison in the one-way ANOVA model. We demonstrate our results with some simulated datasets under a simple order restriction between the treatments.

• 건축역사연구
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.197-211
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find out the plan type of traditional folk housing in Jeoun-Nam Province. The building time of these houses is mainly from early 19C to early 20C and about 1,000 houses have been investigated. The conclusion of this research is 1. Small house is composed of kitchen, one or two rooms and Marae(the place of storage and sacrificial rite). Big house has one more room and one more storage in comparison with the small house. Marae and Jeoungjibang(a room which is in front of kitchen) are characteristic rooms of folk house in Jeoun-Nam Province. 2. The plan type varies in Jeoun-Nam Province. '-'type is a main type of layout and it is arranged a kitchen, a big room, a Marae and a small room in order. In the big house, jeoungjibang(the third room) is added. 3. In the southwestern Island area, no room is arranged beside Marae. Marae has characteristic confucian order because it is the place of sacrificial rite. Therefore there is a great difference in comparison with other area. 4. In the mountain area such as Gurae, there are some houses which have two rooms arranged up and down in one side; that is, upside is Marae and downside is small room. This type is called Kyump Jip.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.11-27
• /
• 2006

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a tailored program based on the Transtheoretical Model to smoking cessation in high school girls. Methods: A quasi-experimental research design was used in this study. The participants were 35 industrial high school girls who have been smoking. The girls were allocated to an experimental group(18) and a control group(17) by randomization. For intervention, the experimental group received the group smoking cessation program and individual program which tailored according to the stage of change. A common group smoking cessation program was given to the control group. Data were collected before the program, immediately after and 4 weeks after the program was completed and were analyzed with repeated measure ANOVA. Result: In the experimental group, the daily smoking amount, nicotine dependency and decisional balance(Pros) score were significantly decreased and the self-efficacy score were significantly increased at one month after the intervention in comparison with before and immediately after it. The decisional balance(Cons) and processes of change score of the experimental group were significantly increased at immediately after the intervention and one month after it in comparison with before it, and at one month after it in comparison with immediately after it. A significant difference in the daily smoking amount, urine cotinine, nicotine dependency, decisional balance(Pros, Cons) and processes of change score between the both groups was found after one month of intervention. Conclusions: The tailored smoking cessation program was more effective, compared to the common smoking cessation program on smoking behavior, self-efficacy, decisional balance, processes of change. This program can be used for favorable changes in high school girl's smoking behavior.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
• /
• 제5권5호
• /
• pp.435-443
• /
• 2010

확률적 특성을 가지는 시스템의 시험을 위해서는 시험 입력을 일정 횟수만큼 반복하여 제공하고 관찰된 데이터를 기반으로 판정이 내려져야 한다. 구간 추정 기법을 이용하여 관찰된 데이터로부터 확률 값이 올바른지 여부를 판단할 수 있으며, 이 때 적절한 신뢰구간의 선택은 시험의 품질을 결정하는 중요한 요인이 된다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 크기의 표본에 대해 대표적인 구간 추정 기법인 Wald 신뢰구간과 Agresti-Coull 신뢰구간을 비교 분석한다. 각 신뢰구간이 확률 값 시험에 사용되었을 경우 올바른 구현 제품이 시험을 통과할 확률과 잘못된 구현제품이 시험을 통과하지 못할 확률을 기반으로 비교 분석을 수행하며, 확률 값이 올바른지를 판단하기 위한 양측검정뿐만 아니라 확률 값이 기준 확률 이상인지 여부를 판단하기 위한 단측검정을 사용하는 경우에 대해서도 비교 분석을 수행한다. 비교 분석 결과 양측검정의 경우 Agresti-Coull 신뢰구간을 사용할 것을 추천하며, 단측검정의 경우 큰 크기의 표본에 대해서는 Agresti-Coull 신뢰구간을, 적은 크기의 표본에 대해서는 Wald 신뢰구간 또는 Agresti-Coull 신뢰구간을 선택적으로 사용할 것을 추천한다.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.321-338
• /
• 2008

This paper presents a Modified Multiple Depth First Search algorithm for the exploration of the indoor environments occupied with obstacles in random distribution. The proposed algorithm was designed and implemented to employ one or a team of Khepera II mini robots for the exploration process. In case of multi-robots, the BlueCore2 External Bluetooth module was used to establish wireless networks with one master robot and one up to three slaves. Messages are sent and received via the module's Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) interface. Real exploration experiments were performed using locally developed teleworkbench with various autonomy features. In addition, computer simulation tool was also developed to simulate the exploration experiments with one master robot and one up to ten slaves. Computer simulations were in good agreement with the real experiments for the considered cases of one to one up to three networks. Results of the MMDFS for single robot exhibited 46% reduction in the needed number of steps for exploring environments with obstacles in comparison with other algorithms, namely the Ants algorithm and the original MDFS algorithm. This reduction reaches 71% whenever exploring open areas. Finally, results performed using multi-robots exhibited more reduction in the needed number of exploration steps.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.253-269
• /
• 2006

This study examined the economic structure of male one-person households, and investigated how it differed by male's age and marital status. Specifically household incomes, expenditure patterns, assets, debts, and other demographic variables were compared by age and marital status. From the 2000 National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure conducted by Korea National Statistical Office(KNSO), 1,389 male one-person households were selected. The findings of this study were as follows: First, the economic status of male one-person households was unstable. They were more likely to depend on labor incomes and transfer incomes, and had less property incomes and total assets. Their average propensity to consumption was higher than that of general households. Second, the economic structure of male one-person households showed large differ+useholders in age 50s allocated $48\%$ of household expenditure to the non- consumption categories, especially child or (ex)spouse support payments. The economic status of householders in age 60s and over was inferior to those of the other groups. Third, there were considerable differences in the economic status of male householders who had different marital status. Divorced and separated males had higher incomes and expenditures, but assigned large portion of their incomes to the non-consumption categories. Widowers' level of economic living, such as incomes, expenditures, and assets, was the worst among male one-person households.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.485-493
• /
• 2005

In this study, a method that can objectively and systematically design the layout of user interface components was developed. In order to explain its application method, the method was applied to the layout design of facsimile. In particular, in order to validate the suitability of the method, comparison tests were performed for the case of facsimile. Computer simulators for layout design were made using Micromedia Flash and comparison evaluation for an existing layout and a new layout was performed in three aspects. The first comparison method was to measure and compare its movement distance when carrying out a task in two layout models. The second one was to measure and compare users' performance. The last one was to measure and compare users' subjective satisfaction after using two models. As the result, new layout design was better than the existing design in all comparison tests. The movement distance of the new layout design model was shorter than the existing model. And, its performance including task completion time and error frequency was better and users' satisfaction was higher than the existing. In conclusion, the method that was developed in this study can be very effectively used in the layout design of user interface components.

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2010

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been applied widely in various decision making fields. One of advantages of the AHP is the consistency test. However, it has several problems such as the limit of its concept, the limit of 9 scales and stern criteria, contradictory pairwise comparison. In this paper, we propose new criteria for the consistency with more realistic and ideal conditions. To derive the criteria, we conduct the simulation and use the bootstrap method, which is one of resampling techniques in the simulation area.

• 전기학회논문지P
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.163-168
• /
• 2002

This paper presents the comparison results of control algorithm for the simultaneous control of a multi output converter system that controls, simultaneously and independently, the separate Buck converter and Boost converter with the different specification by one DSP digital controller. As two separate converters are regulated by only one DSP, it is possible to achieve the simple digital control circuit for regulating the multi output DC-DC converter. By setting the software switch state, PI and Fuzzy controller can be applied as a controller for each converter without any change of hardware. Also, it is included the control characteristics comparison between PI and Fuzzy controller. The control characteristics of each PWM DC-DC converter is validated by experimental results.