• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2009

Animating multiple characters to compete with each other is an important problem in computer games and animation films. However, it remains difficult to simulate strategic competition among characters because of its inherent complex decision process that should be able to cope with often unpredictable behavior of opponents. We adopt a reinforcement learning method in Markov games to action models built from captured motion data. This enables two characters to perform globally optimal counter-strategies with respect to each other. We also extend this method to simulate competition between two teams, each of which can consist of an arbitrary number of characters. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach through various competitive scenarios, including playing-tag, keeping-distance, and shooting.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.765-774
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• 2019

In this paper, we propose a point cloud matching algorithm for multiple RGB-D cameras. In general, computer vision is concerned with the problem of precisely estimating camera position. Existing 3D model generation methods require a large number of cameras or expensive 3D cameras. In addition, the conventional method of obtaining the camera external parameters through the two-dimensional image has a large estimation error. In this paper, we propose a method to obtain coordinate transformation parameters with an error within a valid range by using depth image and function optimization method to generate omni-directional three-dimensional model using 8 low-cost RGB-D cameras.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2001

Shoot tips of grape were cultured in uitro and tried to identify optimal culture conditions for regeneration, multiple shoot formation from meristemoid tissue and those subsequent elongation of multi-shoots. Healthy growing shoots were taken in early May, rinsed with running tap water, soaked in a neutral detergent and washed with soft brushing, and washed out with tap water, then sterilized with 10g Ca(ClO)$_2$/140 mL distilled water (Wilson's solution) for 5 min. Survival percentage of the cultures which were sterilized as above procedures was highly increased, compared with the other sterilized method. Propagation of multi-shoots from meristemoid showed a good response in 3/4 strength MS medium enriched with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 3.0 mg/L BA. Shoot elongation from multi-shooting clump well occurred in 3/4 strength MS medium supplemented with 80 mg/L adenine sulfate, 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1.0~2.0 mg/L BA.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.718-722
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• 2010

To investigate patterns and severity of hunting-related emergency traumatic injuries in wild boar hunting dogs. One hundred wild boar hunting dogs with emergency traumatic injuries sustained during wild boar hunting as a result of wild boar attack and accidental shooting of ensnarement in a trap. The retrospective study involved 100 dogs brought to CAMC for treatment of emergency traumatic injury sustained during wild boar hunting in Jeon-buk province from August 2007 to April 2008. Medical information obtained from the medical records included signalment; cause of injury; number, location and severity of injuries; and mortality. The 100 patients displayed 136 injuries (single injury in 71 dogs and multiple injuries in 29 dogs). Causes of the emergency traumatic injuries were wild boar attack (n = 92), accidental shooting (n = 7), and entrapment (n = 1). The thoracic area was the most common site of injury. The most common injury severity score (ISS) was code 2. The mortality rate was 9%, and all deaths involved thoracic injury. Emergency traumatic injuries sustained during wild boar hunting are most commonly thoracic injuries caused by prey attack. The nature of the injuries can differ from those typically encountered by small animal veterinarians.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.171-186
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• 2009

Various Earth-Moon transfer trajectories are designed and analyzed to prepare the future Korea's Lunar missions. Minimum fuel trajectory solutions are obtained for the departure year of 2017, 2020, 2022, and every required mission phases are analyzed from Earth departure to the final lunar mission orbit. N-body equations of motion are formulated which include the gravitational effect of the Sun, Earth and Moon. In addition, accelerations due to geopotential harmonics, Lunar J2 and solar radiation pressures are considered. Impulsive high thrust is assumed as the main thrusting method of spacecraft with launcher capability of KSLV-2 which is planned to be developed. For the method of injecting a spacecraft into a trans Lunar trajectory, both direct shooting from circular parking orbit and shooting from the multiple elliptical intermediate orbits are adapted, and their design results are compared and analyzed. In addition, spacecraft's visibility from Deajeon ground station are constrained to see how they affect the magnitude of TLI(Trans Lunar Injection) maneuver. The results presented in this paper includes launch opportunities, required optimal maneuver characteristics for each mission phase as well as the trajectory characteristics and numerous related parameters. It is confirmed that the final mass of Korean lunar explorer strongly depends onto the initial parking orbit's altitude and launcher's capability, rather than mission start time.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2004

In vitro culture system was established to induce multiple shoots of Thymus quinquecostatus Celak. by investigating the effects of cytokinins. Stem explants were cultures on MS medium supplemented with either five drfferent plant growth regulators or their combinations under light or dark condition. The most effective cytokininsource was the combination of BA 1.0mg/L and TDZ 0.1mg/L for producing shoots (6.05$\pm$1.51), zeatin 2.0mg/L and TEZ 0.1mg/L for elongating shoots (3.27$\pm$0.66cm) under the light condition. In addition the most effective cytokinin was 2-ip 2.0mg/L for producing shoots(5.20$\pm$1.81), zeatin 2.0mg/L for elongating shoots(5.64$\pm$1.24cm)under the dark condition. Overall, the average percent for in vitro shooting was greater than 89.58％.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.403-409
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• 2005

Mature nodal segments of 2-year-old greenhouse stock plant were cultured on Murashige and Skoog basal medium supplemented with the different kinds and various concentrations of cytokinins to produce multiple shoots in in vitro condition. The most adventitious shoots were produced from excised ends of nodal segments. The highest average number $(24.6\;{\pm}\;4.6)$ of shoots was produced with the combination of BA 1.0mg/L and TDZ 0.1mg/L in MS medium. In addition, several shoots were formed from lenticels of bark cambium with the same treatment. These concentrations promoted high shooting capability upto $94.6\%$ and NAA was the best cytokinin among five different PGR sources.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.721-733
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• 2017

Objectives: This study was conducted to help reduce the anxiety about dental radiation exposures of people and to provide a way to instill proper awareness of dental radiation. Methods: To fulfill the research aim, this study conducted a survey to 330 subjects who are 20 years old or over living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do during the month of December 2016. The collected data were analyzed using frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis among others. Results: As a result of examining the correlation between the anxiety of dental radiography and the correlations between the variables showed that the knowledge of radiation knowledge and the need for radiography (r=0.186, p<0.01), thinking about shooting (r=0.137, p<0.05), and the effectiveness of wearing protective equipment (r=0.120, p<0.01), showing statistically significant differences. As a result of examining the factors influencing anxiety of dental radiography among adults, high awareness of the need for dental radiography (p<0.01), the more the idea of dental anxiety in dental radiography is radiography showed higher (p<0.01). Conclusions: It seems proper that adequate dental radiography requires adequate explanation about it to patients, wearing of protective equipment, and appropriate dental radiation safety education.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.166-171
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• 2021

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar application of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), sprayed weeks after pinching (SWP), on ornamental usage of Veronica longifolia L, which is native to Korea. Foliar application of 0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/L BA on 10 cm long V. longifolia L. plant was evaluated at 0, 7, and 14 days after pinching for growth and flowering. The maximum result of multiple shooting was seen in the 2,000 mg/L BA at 1 week after pinching, and almost all the treatments showed dwarf growth in V. longifolia L. The number of days to flowering was delayed by BA treatments. Moreover, the length and the number of flowers decreased with high concentrations of BA. Thus, foliar application of BA via pinching technique can improve the ornamental usage of V. longifolia L. by controlling the plant type.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.37-37
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• 2020

홍띠(Imperata cylindrica 'Rubra') 식물자원의 생장점 부위를 기내 배양하여 기내 식물체 재분화와 재분화식물체의 유전적 안정성을 검토하였다. 기내배양은 26±2 ℃, 25 μmol/m²/s, 14h/10h (day/night) 광조건 하의 배양실에서, MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) 기본배지에 생장조절물질을 첨가하여 조직절편체로부터 식물체를 유도하였다. 캘러스는 MS기본배지에 0.1 mg/L의 2,4-D와 2 mg/L의 BA를 혼용처리하여 생장점 부위로부터 유도하였다. 캘러스 증식은 MS기본배지에 0.1 mg/L의 2,4-D를 첨가한 배지에서, 이들 캘러스로부터 신초 재분화는 0.01 mg/L의 NAA 및 2 mg/L의 BA를 첨가한 배지에서 유도하였다. 다경줄기 형성(multiple shooting) 후 MS배지에서 4주 동안 배양한 재분화식물체는 멸균한 상토(버미큘라이트)를 포함한 배양병에서 7주간 배양한 다음 점차적으로 배양병 뚜껑을 개방(1/10 정도 1차 개방 1주일, 3/10 정도 2차 개방 2주일)하여 직경 6 cm의 컵포트에 이식하여 활착시켰다. 재분화식물체는 붉은색이 사라지고 녹색을 나타내었으며, 일부개체에서만 잎의 일부분만 붉은색을 나타냈다. 이는 생장점 주변조직에서 유래한 재분화체가 우세함으로써 생장점보다는 생장점 주변의 조직을 구성하는 녹색층에서 주로 식물체가 재생되는 것으로 판단된다. 이에 따라 홍띠 대조구식물체 8개체, 활착한 녹색 재분화 식물체 20개체(실내 재배중인 순화체 10개체, 2020년 6개월간 포장에서 재배중인 순화체 10개체)를 대상으로 ISSR분석을 실시하여 재분화식물체의 유전적 안정성을 검토하였다. 향후 조직학적 측면에서 신초재분화의 기원에 대한 검토가 필요하다고 사료된다.