• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.2362-2378
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• 2017

To mitigate the performance degradation caused by performance anomaly, a number of channel assignment algorithms have been proposed for multi-rate wireless mesh networks. However, network conditions have not been fully considered for routing process in these algorithms. In this paper, a joint scheme called Multi-rate Dijkstra's Shortest path - Rate Separated (MDSRS) is proposed, combining routing metrics and channel assignment algorithm. In MDSRS, the routing metric are determined through the synthesized deliberations of link costs and rate matches; then the rate separated channel assignment is operated based on the determined routing metric. In this way, the competitions between high and low rate links are avoided, and performance anomaly problem is settled, and the network capacity is efficiently improved. Theoretical analysis and NS-3 simulation results indicate that, the proposed MDSRS can significantly improve the network throughput, and decrease the average end-to-end delay as well as packet loss probability. Performance improvements could be achieved even in the heavy load network conditions.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2012년도 제45차 동계학술발표논문집 20권1호
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• pp.105-108
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• 2012

Wireless mesh networks are considered a promising solution to last mile broadband. The unique characteristics of WMN impose unique requirements on designing routing protocols and metrics for WMN. However, existing routing schemes that are designed for single-channel multi-hop wireless networks may lead to inefficient routing paths in multichannel. This paper focuses on the routing problem for multi-radio multichannel WMNs. We list the challenges in designing routing algorithms for multi-radio multichannel WMNs. Then we examine the requirements and considerations for designing routing metrics according to the characteristics of multi-radio multichannel WMNs. Finally we survey and investigate the existing routing metrics in terms of their ability to satisfy these requirements.

• 생태와환경
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 정수 생태계의 건강성 평가를 위하여 물리적, 화학적, 생물학적 다변수 메트릭 평가모델을 개발하고, 개발된 모델을 이용하여 2005년 9월에 대청호의 생태 건강성을 평가를 실시하였다. 메트릭의 특성을 위하여 사용된 변수로는 생물학적 변수, 물리적 변수, 화학적 변수를 적용하였다. $M_1{\sim}M_8$의 메트릭은 어류를 이용한 생물지수 모델을 적용하였고, $M_9{\sim}M_{11}$의 메트릭은 문헌에 의거하여 수정보완 하였다(U.S. EPA, 1998). $M_9$의 메트릭은 호소 연안대의 서식지 특성을 반영하였고, $M_{10}$의 메트릭은 호소의 화학적인 수질상태를 반영하였다. 즉, $M_{10}$의 결과에 따른 회귀식은 $COD_{Mn}=4.42{\times}Log_{10}(Cond)-5.43(R^2=0.774$, <0.01, n=150) 로서 전국의 150개 호소에서의 전기전도도 값은 $COD_{Mn}$의 변이를 77.4%설명하고 있다. $M_{11}$의 메트릭은 호소의 엽록소-${\alpha}$에 의거한 부영양화도 지수(Tropic State Indek, TSI)를 이용하였다. 호소의 TSI(Chl-${\alpha}$)값에 따라 50 이상은 "1", $40{\sim}50$은 "3", 40이하는 "5"로 산정하였다. 상기 11개 다변수 모델을 이용한 대청호 생태계 건강성 평가 결과에 따르면, 대청호의 4개 지점 생태건강성 평균값은 "30"으로서 미국환경부(U.S. BPA, 1993)의 등급에 의거하여 "보통상태${\sim}$악화상태" $(Fair{\sim}poor)$로 나타났다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.565-585
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• 1996

In 1976, Caristi [1] established a celebrated fixed point theorem in complete metric spaces, which is a very useful tool in the theory of nonlinear analysis. Since then, several generalizations of the theorem were given by a number of authors: for instances, generalizations for single-valued mappings were given by Downing and Kirk [4], Park [11] and Siegel [13], and the multi-valued versions of the theorem were obtained by Chang and Luo [3], and Mizoguchi and Takahashi [10].

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1351-1372
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• 2022

A self-organizing multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (multi-UAVs) deployment based on virtual forces has a difficulty in ensuring the quality-of-experience (QoE) of users because of the difference between the assumed center for users in a hotspot and an actual center for users in the hotspot. This discrepancy is aggravated in a non-uniform and mobile user distribution. To address this problem, we propose a new density based virtual force (D-VF) multi-UAVs deployment algorithm which employs a mean opinion score (MOS) as a metric of QoE. Because MOS is based on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a sum of users' MOS is a good metric not only to secure a wide service area but to enhance the link quality between multi-UAVs and users. The proposed algorithm improves users' QoE by combining virtual forces with a random search force for the exploration of finding multi-UAVs' positions which maximize the sum of users' MOS. In simulation results, the proposed deployment algorithm shows the convergence of the multi-UAVs into the position of maximizing MOS. Therefore, the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional virtual force-based deployment scheme in terms of QoE for non-uniform user distribution scenarios.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2006

In this paper two coincidence point theorems in complete metric spaces for two pairs of single and multi-valued mappings have been established.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.1252-1271
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• 2013

Automatic image annotation has become an increasingly important research topic owing to its key role in image retrieval. Simultaneously, it is highly challenging when facing to large-scale dataset with large variance. Practical approaches generally rely on similarity measures defined over images and multi-label prediction methods. More specifically, those approaches usually 1) leverage similarity measures predefined or learned by optimizing for ranking or annotation, which might be not adaptive enough to datasets; and 2) predict labels separately without taking the correlation of labels into account. In this paper, we propose a method for image annotation through collaborative similarity metric learning from dataset and modeling the label correlation of the dataset. The similarity metric is learned by simultaneously optimizing the 1) image ranking using structural SVM (SSVM), and 2) image annotation using correlated label propagation, with respect to the similarity metric. The learned similarity metric, fully exploiting the available information of datasets, would improve the two collaborative components, ranking and annotation, and sequentially the retrieval system itself. We evaluated the proposed method on Corel5k, Corel30k and EspGame databases. The results for annotation and retrieval show the competitive performance of the proposed method.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2017

For the PBL contract, it is necessary for the contracting parties to share information regarding the reasonable inventory-level and the cost of its repair parts for the estimated demand. There are various models which can be used for this purpose. Among them, V-METRIC model is considered to be the most efficient and is most frequently applied. However, this model is usually used for optimizing the inventory level of the repair parts of the system under operation. The model uses a time series forecast model to determine the demand rate, which is a mandatory input factor for the model, based on past field data. However, since the system at the deployment stage has no operational performance record, it is necessary to find another alternative to be used as the demand rate of the model application. This research applies the V-METRIC model to find the optimal inventory level and cost estimation for repairable items to meet the target operational availability, which is a key performance indicator, at the time of the PBL contract for the deployment system. This study uses the calculated value based on the allocated MTBF to the system as the demand rate, which is used as input data for the model. Also, we would like to examine changes in inventory level and cost according to the changes in target operational availability and MTBF allocation.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.796-804
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• 2006

The objective of this research was to develop ecological multi-metric models using natural fish assemblages for a diagnosis of current stream health condition, and apply the model to nationwide lotic ecosystems of the Geum River, the Youngsan River, and the Sumjin River. The ecological stream health model was based on the index of biological integrity (IBI), which was originally developed in North American streams by Karr (1981), and the Rapid Bioassessment Protocol (RBP), which was scientifically established by the US EPA (1999). The metric numbers and metric attributes were partially changed for the regional applications, so the scoring criteria was modified for the assessment. Overall, metric values, based on the IBI calculations, reflected conventional water quality characteristics, based on nutrient regime, and agreed with results of staticeco-toxicity tests. Some stations impaired in terms of stream health were identified by the IBI approach, and also major key stressors affecting the stream health were identified by additional evaluations of physical habitats. Our preliminary results suggested that biological integrity in stream ecosystems was largely disturbed by habitat degradation as well as chemical pollutions. This new approach would be used as a key tool for ecological restorations and species conservations in the degraded aquatic ecosystems in Korea and applied for elucidating major causes of ecological disturbances. Ultimately, this approach provides us an effective management strategy of stream ecosystems through establishments of ecological networks in various watersheds.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.235-242
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• 1987