• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.115-123
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• 2016

In the turn of the twentieth century, Vienna emerged as a great cultural centre that stood at the forefront of developments in music, psychology, and the natural sciences. Equally influential, and still tremendously popular today, are the designs of the Wiener $Werkst{\ddot{a}}tte$ a group that was at the heart of the city's cultural scene and whose collaborators included such luminaries as the architect Josef Hoffman and the designer Koloman Moser under the slogan of Gesamtkunstwerk. The term "Gesamtkunstwerk" was introduced in the romantic period. It describes the desire for and practice of combining various art forms into a whole, such as performances that combine text, visual arts, various design and architecture. Richard Wagner was one of the early theorists of the concept, inspiring many modernist artists. As a co-founder of the Wiener $Werkst{\ddot{a}}tte$, Josef Hoffmann had a decisive influence on modern Viennese architecture and Interior design on the basis of the concept of Gesamtkunstwerk. In this view point, this study is to analyze about the generative background and design characteristics of gesamtkunstwerk advocated Wiener $Werkst{\ddot{a}}tte$. Josef Hoffmann was by all accounts a very successful architect and Interior designer in Vienna. His influence would undoubtedly have been felt simply because of his talent and energy. His special ability to range across multiple domains, coupled with a willingness to collaborate with other artists has created a synthesis and synergy that is compelling to this day.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.360-371
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• 2016

Paul Rudolph's early work in Florida after World War II is a significant example of the regional transformation of typical Modern Architecture through the spatial composition based on the diversity and use of local material and construction methods. Paul Rudolph's concept of a Florida House design is the expression of regional material, construction, and structural system through the spatial extension & connection based on periodical, regional characteristics. The characteristics of the Florida works is the spatial extension & connection design based on the wood structural framework through the various design factors, such as a screen roof, open roof, and internal patio as the spatial extension and link method. Paul Rudolf designed the house using local materials, such as cypress wood and lime block produced near the Florida Area and provided details & technology considering the Florida climate and construction environment. Through studies of Paul Rudolph's Florida works, the Florida Houses can be a prototype of localization, and can be presented as the spatial & technical transformation of design by the historical, cultural, regional background.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.58-66
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• 2015

This study is to review the historical documents about Cinnamomum camphora SIEB. in Goryeo and Joseon Dynasty. First of all, we defined it's feature and used case by the most appropriate word 'Jang(樟)' meaning Cinnamomum camphora SIEB. We also discovered some illusions and should suggest a new possibility. First, we analyzed the definition and examples of Cinnamomum camphora SIEB. and come to the conclusion that 'Jang(樟)' seems to be the most appropriate word. Second, we confirmed that Cinnamomum camphora SIEB. grew in extralimital area. It is believed that it's because of making a mistake. Third, we confirmed that it is confused Cinnamomum camphora SIEB. with Koelreuteria paniculata in Yi, Gyu-Gyeong's records. However, it's required to verify the other cases of the Cinnamomum camphora SIEB.'s records. We expect a follow-up study about it by classifying modern feature and comparing literature matching.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.43-56
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• 1987

The concept of ‘Open Space’ is conceived to be very valuable subject of interest in developing modern settlement system. In Korea, many new and old residential sites have been developed or renewed to fulfil the housing demands. And such trends seem to continue for the time being. What is more, the requirments for more comfortable residential environments, that is deeply concerned with ‘Open Space’, inorease gradually. As a basis for designing more efficent residential environments to fit Korean morden life style, self - grown, traditional and agricultural villages are studied. This study is concenturated on the Open Space System with its socio - cultural and physical backgrounds. For this, data and materials are some widely collected and are analysed focused on the systems and structures of ‘Open Spaee’. Some results from this study are summarized as follow ; 1. It is assumed that the number of houses per village is around 60, and that its area reaches to the radious of 3-4km. 2. ‘POONGSU’is a generally adopted theory based on natural elements like mountians, waters, and orientations when locating villages and composing their spatial structures. As a result of this, the basic structures of villages and Open Space are defined. 3. Circulation system is integrated to the hierachyal order system ; that is, Passing Road \longrightarrowEntry Road\longrightarrowCentral Read\longrightarrowDisperse and Access Road. 4. The natural and agricultural land uses are overlapped with diverse outdoor activities - religious services, play and recreation, relaxation, etc - without any physical modification. 5. At each villages, several artificial and spot - like green facilities are found. And distinctive functions, meanings, and locationalities are given to each of them. On that, they become a visual and psychological centers of each village. 6. In addition to its basic function of circulation, Central Road takes the sence of place for outdoor activities. Because of this charactor, it plays an important role of activating the village life and binding the various Open Space elements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.1918-1920
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• 2005

The color and structure of urban constructions is a factor of urban landscape and shows their characteristics. Hence the modern buildings with their materials and external appearance makes up the urban image. But still yet, it was not easy to evaluate the value of visual landscape of buildings with objective measuring method. Most of all, it depends on the subjective estimation of a few talented or high educated experts with a sense of beauty. In relation to this kind of problems, it was tried here in this study to analyse the human response of brain wave pattern (EEG) with use of SD method, while the tested persons watched the urban landscape constructed in a visual reality. The tested persons were 10 adult males and females with no color blindness and intact cognitive function. Light source with color filter was used for color environment in chamber room. The signal of EEG is analysed digitally and grouped into the $\alpha$ and $\beta$ waves. The result showed that relative power of $\alpha$ wave ratio increased in natural landscape scenary clearly. From these results it was possible to evaluate the human response, which was affected by urban color and structure stimulation and it might be useful as an indicator of visual cognition amenity toward the design of urban construction environment.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.338-346
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• 2010

This study intends to gather terminology as a first step for encyclopedia of furniture from four areas such as traditional Korean furniture and architecture, modern and contemporary furniture, wood science, and wood culture by each expert. Since China, Japan, America, and European countries have chronologically influenced domestic furniture culture, the furniture terms are currently used by mixed languages such as Chinese characters, Japanese, English, Russian, Korean, etc., in the furniture fields and education. Domestic furniture companies and schools have had lots of difficulties in carrying out works due to the furniture terms not unified. This paper carried out through domestic furniture fields, internet, and furniture books from the inside and outside of the country, including the references of architecture, interior, crafts, and wood science and culture in order to research the terminology, results in the confusing language use of furniture terms at the furniture companies, schools for furniture education, and wood workshops having their own furniture terms. Therefore, for unified and standard furniture terminology, the terms gathered must be reviewed and conformed through the committee composed with the relevant experts so that it will be able to help the relevant business and education carry out their work better.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.25
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• pp.103-110
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• 2000

The material world around human is normally composed of opaque one, with which human has made the spaces. The opaque material to make space has played a role to control the relationship among people and has produced socio-cultural things since the history started. The opening of opaque material(wall) connects one space with the other. Therefore, the meaning of opening is a connection among people who are in different spaces in terms of sociology. In conjunction with this, socio-cultural situation has been deployed differently. In the traditional european domestic space, the glass has been applied to this opening since they found the glass. It disconnects two spaces physically but connects them visually. Therefore, without blocking the opening visually, the glass became to protect people with their interior space from outside environment. The important thing is that the application of the glass in a building had been restricted because of opening size. However, after Industrial Revolution with the advanced technology of architecture, the glass came to be applied to the building and it became widen. So, the concept of glass window became to be the one of glass wall. This change made a transformation of visual character between two spaces which are separated with glass wall. This means that the glass wall gave two directional visibility while the glass window gave one directional visibility from inside to outside of space. This is because the amount of the natural light to the interior space increased due to widen glass in a space. This gave a change of visual authority and the space of surveillance(interior space) became to the one of communication. The space of surveillance, Michel Foucault mentioned in his book surveillance and punishment, is a very private one that is not visually permeable from the people outside, while the space of communication is a public one which needs other eyes. In the space of publicity, there needs a rationality, morality and ethics because of public surveillance and in the space of privacy, there restores a desire for sex and assaults.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.59-66
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine how the perception of lives and studies in the Joseon Dynasty period, and the concept of its sculptures can be reflected in Korean traditional pavilion place, from the perspective of Nomadism as a western philosophy of this era. Nomadism literally refers to way of life of peoples who do not live continually in the same place but move cyclically searching for temporary centres whose stability depends on the availability of food and water supply or pastures for their livestock. In recent years, the term encompasses three general types: job nomads, digital nomads and ubi-nomads, which represent distinct features of modern society. Its concept implies looking for the new creative possibility through the liberation of desire and the breakaway to another thinking through continuous formation and transformation. Likewise, Korean traditional pavilion is the architecture to take a quick rest while walking in the mountains. This open place thus connects surroundings with people who are allowed to assimilate with nature as well as train their mind by following the law of nature, in order to finally reach the celestial state of mind. Knowing how to see, enjoy and appreciate the arts very close to nature, our ancestors were able to learn aesthetic activities. After recognizing Korean traditional pavilion as the potential place of unification of heaven and men which is Korean scholor's lifestyle and outlook on the world, this study accordingly will identify the value and meaning of Korean traditional architecture according to Nomadism in the occidental point of view.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2008

The criterion of 'void space' in this paper is based on the sense of unusual experiences to afford the improvement of the value of cultural life with the sense of Healing. The more chances to spiritual converse with nature and oneself, the higher the value of healing experiences that one has will grow. This analysis has been done on the premises that this is derived from the inner conversation with 'nature' and 'oneself', as well as among 'others'. In other words, while the 'community void' affords programmatic aspect in relations between humans, the 'ecological void', systemic aspect in relations between human and nature, the 'meditation void', the aspect of image in relations between human and human's inside. Jong-soung Kimm and Hyo-sang Seung are Korean architects who have consistently expressed contrastive essential characteristics of the 'void space' in their contemporary works. While the void space of contemporary Korean architectures have shown various external forms, there has been a trace deeply rooted from the absolute and neutral concepts of the masters of Modern architects and 'Madang'of Korean traditional space. The integrated composition in the works of Jong-soung Kimm suggested integrated characters and healing affordances of 'Madang', but it hardly showed the poetic simplicity that could be seen from the image of traditional 'Madang'. On the other hand, the works of Hyo-sang Seung represented the simple and silent image of 'Madang', but showed fragmented characteristics that didn't sufficiently afford the integrated healing functions of 'Madang'.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.594-600
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• 2014

In modern warfare, securing communication channel by combatting opponents' electromagnetic attack is a crucial factor to win the war. Military satellite digital transponder is a communication payload of the next generation military satellite that maintains warfare networks operational in the presence of interfering signals by securely relaying signals between ground terminals. The transponder in this paper is classified as a partial processing transponder which performs cost effective secure relaying in satellite communication links. The control functions of transmission security achieve immunity to hostile interferences which may cause malicious effects on the link. In this paper, we present an efficient architecture for implementing the control mechanism. Two major ideas of pipelined processing in per-group control and software processing of blocked band information dramatically reduce the complexity of the hardware. A control code sequence showing its randomness with uniform distribution is exemplified and qualification test results are briefly presented.