• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2005

This study was intended to investigate effects of building school forests on elementary school students, including changes in mental image of school, attitude toward nature and forest, and awareness of their relationship with school forest. The total number of 770 drawings and 1,124 writings were collected to be analyzed from three elementary schools. The results showed that there were significant differences between two student groups, respectively forest school group versus non-forest school group, in their mental image of school. For instance, more often observed in the drawings of forest school group students than their counterparts were natural and human elements, activities associated with nature, and natural or human elements located at central area. Also, more frequently found in the writings of forest school group students than their counterparts were letter-style sentences, stories about school forests, inherent values on nature and forest, and curiosity regarding the nature. These results seem to indicate that in order to materialize educational value of school forests, practical workshops for teachers need to be held as soon as possible and new activity models for students should be developed. In addition to that, long-term research on effectiveness of school forest have to be conducted to a number of schools.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제34권
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• pp.15.1-15.9
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• 2022

Background: Most previous longitudinal studies on lifestyle and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have focused on physical activity rather than sitting time. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between prolonged sitting time and the development of erosive esophagitis (EE). Methods: A self-report questionnaire was used for measuring sitting time in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. Sitting time was categorized into four groups: ≤ 6, 7-8, 9-10, and ≥ 11 hours/day. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) was performed by experienced endoscopists who were unawared of the aims of this study. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the development of EE were estimated using Cox proportional hazards analyses with ≤ 6 hours/day sitting time as the reference. Results: There were 6,524 participants included in the study. During a mean follow-up of 3.14 years, 2,048 incident cases developed EE. In age- and sex-adjusted models, the HR in the group sitting ≥ 11 hours per day compared ≤ 6 hours per day was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.76-0.99). After further adjusting for alcohol intake, smoking status, educational level, history of diabetes, and history of dyslipidemia, sitting time was still significantly related to the risk of EE (HR, 0.87; 95% CI: 0.76-0.98). After further adjustment for exercise frequency, this association persisted (HR, 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76-0.98). In subgroup analysis by obesity, the relationship between sitting time and EE was only significant among participants with body mass index < 25 kg/m² (HR, 0.82; 95% CI: 0.71-0.95). Conclusions: Generally, prolonged sitting time is harmful to health, but with regard to EE, it is difficult to conclude that this is the case.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2016

This study analyzes the effects of caring for grandchildren on Korean grandparents' health, using the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging from 2006 to 2012. We investigate how caregiving is provided and analyze the effects of caregiving on grandparents' physical health, mental health, and health-related behaviors. As elderly people's health is generally frail, it is unclear whether the provision of childcare affects their health negatively. We control for the endogeneity of caregiving by an individual fixed effect (FE) model and instrumental variable-fixed effect (FE-IV) models. Using these models, we determine the endogeneity of caregiving and show that the significant effects of caregiving on health disappear as we control for endogeneity in the FE and FE-IV models. Even after controlling for endogeneity, we find that caregiving increases the probability of feeling pain as well as the number of different types of pain. Furthermore, caregiving increases the probability of restrictions on daily activities because of pain. On the other hand, caregiving reduces the symptoms of depression. In relation to health-related behaviors, caregiving reduces the probability of physical exercise and regular meals. Our results imply that although caregiving has a positive effect on mental health, the increase in physical pain and in non-healthy behaviors may lead to a deterioration of the caregiver's long-term health, which in turn may increase the medical costs of the elderly. Potential policy alternatives are discussed in the paper.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2011

This study investigates the differences in the purchasing behavior of infant & children's wear with the features of children and consumers. This study conducted a survey on female buyers of infant & children's wear. 558 questionnaires were analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 statistic program with factor analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and paired t-test. The results are as follows: 1. The buyer's value was identified with 3 factors: mental achievement value, social achievement value, and pleasure value. Three types of group by values were identified: group seeking mental social achievement, group seeking social achievement, and group seeking pleasure. 2. Fashion and conformity, pleasure pursuit, and reasonable price pursuit orientations showed significant differences among the value groups. 3. A significant difference was found in the imitation of wearing role models according to sibling relationships.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1503-1520
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• 2000

The purpose of the present study is 1) to explain major effect models (main, moderating, and mediating) of social support and statistical methods for testing the effect models and 2) to analyze and evaluate the consistency in the use of the effect models and its statistical methods in Korean nursing studies. A total of 57 studies were selected from Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, Journal of Korean Academic Society of Adult Nursing, Journal of Korean Women's Health Nursing Academic Society, Journal of Fundamentals of Nursing, Journal of Korean Community Nursing, Journal of Korean Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Academic Society, and Journal of Korean Pediatric Nursing Academic Society published in the year of 1990-1999. In results, most studies on social support performed in Korea Nursing Society were about a main effect model. There are few studies on moderating or mediating model of social support. Thus, it was difficult to find research findings how, why, under what conditions social support impacted on health outcomes. Most studies on the moderating or mediating effect model of social support used statistical methods for testing main effect model rather than for testing moderating or mediating effect model. That is, there are inconsistency between effect models of social support and its statistical methods in Korean nursing researches. Therefore, it is recommended to perform studies on moderating or mediating effect model and use appropriate statistical methods.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2019

한 종에 속하는 개체의 행동 양상은 다양한 변이를 가진다. 같은 종 내에서 다른 행동적 표현형이 유지되는 현상은 진화적으로 적소 특화나 빈도의존성 선택으로 설명할 수 있는데, 아직 명확하게 밝혀진 것은 아니다. 특히 극단적인 행동 양상으로서의 정신병리가 높은 비율로 관찰되는 현상은 진화심리학의 난제 중 하나다. 행동 양상의 다양한 변이 및 정신병리를 진화적인 견지에서 접근하기 위한 몇 가지 틀이 제안될 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서는 개체 간 행동 양상 변이에 관한 진화적 접근을 중심으로 동물 모델과 성격 요인모델, DSM-IV 다축 모델, FSD 모델, RDoC 모델 등을 간략하게 설명하고, 그 연구에 적용할 때 예상되는 장단점을 논의하고자 한다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2021

Objectives Despite growing attention to anxiety in bipolar disorder (BD), little research has assessed anxiety symptoms in the course of BD. The current prospective follow-up study examines the influence of subjectively and objectively measured anxiety symptoms on the course of BD. Methods A total of 49 patients with BD were followed-up prospectively for average of one year at an average of four months interval. The Korean version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (K-BAI), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, heart rate variability (HRV) were used to measure anxiety subjectively, objectively and physiologically. Participants were divided into high and low anxiety groups based on their K-BAI scores. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to compare the recurrence of mood episode, suicide attempt, emergency room visit, and psychiatric hospitalization between two groups. Mediators were investigated with Cox proportional hazards models. Results Compared to the low anxiety group, the high anxiety group reported significantly higher impulsiveness (p = 0.016) and lower high frequency component on HRV (p = 0.007) after controlling for severity of BD. Regarding survival analysis, the high anxiety group showed hastened depressive episode recurrence (p = 0.048) and suicidal ideation was the mediator of the hazard ratio (HR) 1.089 (p = 0.029) in the Cox model. Moreover, the high anxiety group showed a tendency of accelerated suicide attempt (p = 0.12) and impulsivity was the risk factor of suicide attempt (HR = 1.089, p = 0.036). Conclusions This interim analysis of prospective study suggests that high anxiety level in BD may anticipate unfavorable course. Further studies are needed to understand the multifactorial mechanism of anxious bipolar patients.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.4984-4993
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• 2012

본 연구는 협력능력에 대한 사전훈련과 협력 스크립트의 상호작용이 협력능력과 공유정신모형 형성에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. K대 '교육방법 및 교육공학'을 수강하는 96명에게 사전훈련과 서로 다른 협력스크립트를 제공하고, 각 집단 별로 협력학습과정에서 이루어지는 메시지와 협력학습 후 개념도를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 첫째 사전훈련과 협력 스크립트의 상호작용에 따른 협력 능력에는 유의미한 차이가 없었으나, 협력 스크립트 유형은 협력능력에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 협력에 대한 사전 훈련과 협력 스크립트의 상호작용에 따른 공유정신모형 형성에는 유의미한 차이가 없었으나, 협력 스크립트 유형은 공유정신모형에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 CSCL 환경에서 효과적인 협력학습활동을 위한 전략 제시라는 점에서 의의가 있다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.228-239
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to assess the effects of psychosocial work environment and self-efficacy on stress, depression, and burn-out among office workers. Methods: Survey data were collected from 331 office workers who worked in one workplace from April 10 to 30, 2012. The impact of psychosocial work environment and self-efficacy on stress, depression, and burn-out was analyzed with hierarchical multiple regression using SAS version 9.3. Results: Work-family conflicts and emotional demands were identified as main factors influencing mental health. Other work environment factors influencing mental health were role clarity for stress, possibilities for development, meaning-of work, social support-from supervisors and job insecurity for depression, and social community at work for burn-out. Self-efficacy was correlated with most psychosocial work environment and factor with independent influence on stress and depression. The final models including general characteristics, psychosocial work environment, and self-efficacy accounted for 34%, 44%, and 36% for stress, depression, and burn-out respectively. Conclusion: To promote mental health in office workers, there is a need to decrease work-family conflicts and emotional demands and to improve work organization and job contents, social support, and self-efficacy.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1819-1824
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 사용자의 스트레스 해소와 주의력 향상에 도움이 될 수 있는 ASMR(autonomous sensory meridian response) 콘텐츠 제어 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법은 뇌파 측정 디바이스로부터 EEG(electroencephalography), 집중도, 명상도, 눈 깜빡임 데이터를 측정하고 안드로이드 IoT(internet of things) 앱을 통해 oneM2M 표준을 준용한 IoT 서버 플랫폼으로 전송한다. 서버 플랫폼에 수집된 EEG, 집중도 및 명상도 데이터를 사용하여 사용자의 정신건강상태를 분류하기 위한 SVM(support vector machine) 모델을 생성하고, 이 모델을 통해 분류된 사용자의 정신건강상태와 눈 깜빡임 데이터에 따라 ASMR 콘텐츠를 제어한다. 데이터 사용형태에 따라 SVM 모델을 비교한 결과, 집중도와 명상도 데이터를 사용하는 SVM 모델이 85.7%의 정확도를 나타내었고 이 SVM 모델이 분류한 정신건강상태와 눈 깜빡임 데이터의 변화에 따라 ASMR 콘텐츠 제어 알고리즘이 정상적으로 동작하는 것을 확인하였다.