• 대한가정학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.181-206
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of the mother's marital satisfaction, child-rearing behaviors and children's achievement motive. The subjects were 456 pairs of 5th-6th elementary school graders and their mothers in Kwangju. Data were collected regarding mothers' marital satisfaction, child-rearing behavior, children's achievement motive, and the demographic variables of the child. Data analysis were conducted by the method of factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression, and path analysis. It was found significantly that fathers' job level, mothers' marital 'affection' behavior had direct effects on children's achievement motive. And it was found that maternal employment had indirect effect on children's achievement motive.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.129-141
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• 2024

Purpose: The study investigated the relationships between key variables, including the level of parenting knowledge, acculturative stress, depression, and the strengths and difficulties associated with their children's emotions and behavior, among North Korean refugee mothers who faced the challenging task of adapting to Korean society while raising their children. Methods: A descriptive study design was used. Data were collected from 130 North Korean refugee mothers between September and November 2023. Results: The participants had very limited parenting knowledge, and 82.3% of them scored 21 or higher on the depression scale used in community epidemiological studies. Higher levels of parenting knowledge and lower levels of depression were associated with lower levels of acculturative stress. Moreover, higher levels of depression were associated with more emotional and behavioral difficulties in children. Maternal depression, age, and employment status were identified as factors that influenced emotional and behavioral problems in preschool-aged children. Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of providing parent education and mental health support programs for North Korean refugee families in order to improve parents' parenting skills and emotional well-being.

• 아동학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-118
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• 1988

Systematic Training for Effective Parenting, developed by Dinkmeyer and McKay, is a parent education program that emphasizes social-emotional development. The present research studied the applicability of STEP to Korean mothers by examining changes in mothers' self-concept, mother's child-rearing attitudes, and children's behavior. The subjects of this study were 43 mothers of a kindergarten in Chonju City. 25 mothers were assigned to the control group and 18 mothers to the experimental group. Primary observes, consisting of 43 fathers of kindergarten children, and secondary observers, consisting of 43 Woosuk University students observed mothers' child-rearing attitudes and children's behavior. Instruments included the self-concept test by Jung Woonsik, Schaefer's Maternal Behavior Research Instrument, O Kiseon's Parent Child Relationship Test, Fear's parent questionnaire, and McKay's Adlerian Parental Assessment of Child Behavior. The mothers' child-rearing attitudes and the children's behavior are recorded by the observers and were compared with mothers' responses. The data were analyzed by MANOVA (multivariate analysis of variance), and ANOVA (analysis of variance). While the MANOVA showed no significant difference between the control and the experimental groups in changing the mothers' self-concept, differences in 5 of the 8 subfactors showed that STEP implemented positive change in the self-identity, self-satisfaction, self-behavior, personal self and family self in the experimental group. The MANOVA showed a significant difference between the two groups in changing the mothers' child-rearing attitudes. That is after participating in the STEP program, the mothers of the experimental group showed more significant progress than those of the control group. Mothers' observations of positive change in children's behavior agreed with those of the primary and secondary observers.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2011

본 연구는 아동의 치아우식병 감소와 올바른 식습관 및 효과적인 구강보건교육사업을 수행하는 데 기초자료를 제공하고자 2009년 5월 4일부터 7월 20일까지 경기도 일지역의 9개 초등학교를 대상으로 아동에 대한 구강검진과 그 어머니에 대한 설문조사를 실시한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 성별 아동의 영구치우식경험률(DMF rate)은 남자에 비해 여자가 높게 나타났으며, 학 년별 아동의 치아 우식은 대체로 저학년보다는 고학년에서 높게 나타나, 아동의 성별, 학 년별 치아우식경험도 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 2. 아동의 치아우식경험도는 어머니의 사회경제적 특성, 청정식품과 보호식품 및 간식 섭취빈도 등은 영향을 받지 않았으며(p>0.05), 어머니의 식사태도 중 편식정도와 아동의 우식경험유치(df)에서 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 아동의 구강건강을 위해서는 편식하지 않고 음식을 골고루 섭취하는 어머니의 올바른 식행동이 이루어지고, 더불어 아동 스스로가 올바른 식습관과 구강보건에 대한 관심을 가지고 관리하도록 교육하는 것이 필요하겠다.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2002

This longitudinal quasi-experimental research was conducted to develop parent role education program and to evaluate the effect of this program for mother-infant interaction, childrearing environment and infant development. The subjects were the healthy infants weighing over 2,500gm at birth, whose gestational age was more than 37weeks, and their healthy mothers. The sample consisted of eighteen mother-infant dyads for intervention group and sixteen dyads for control group. Data were collected from March 15th in 1999 to Jun 20th in 2000. The intervention group received programmed education consisted of discharge education, telephone counselling, and home visiting care. But control group were collected data without programmed education. In this study, the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale(NCATS) devised by Barnard was used to determine the mother-infant interaction, HOME was used to determine the childrearing environment, and Griffiths mental development scale was used to determine the infant development. The data were analyzed using SPSS Win using chi-square test, t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA. This study was focused on the results of twelve months time point. Summaries of the results were as follows: 1. There was no significant difference in mother-infant interaction(NCATS) between intervention group and control group. But both of two groups showed significantly higher in interaction score at twelve months than at six months in the subscales of social-emotional growth fostering, and responsiveness to caregiver. 2. There was no significant difference in childrearing environment(HOME) between two groups at twelve months. But when each subscale of HOME was examined, intervention group showed higher scores in the dimensions of maternal involvement with child(p=.001), and maternal emotional-verbal responsivity(p=.048). 3. There was no significant difference in GQ of the Griffiths mental development scale between two groups, although significant difference was found in performance subscale. 4. Infant development at twelve months showed significant correlation with mother-infant interaction and childrearing environment at six months, although mother-infant interaction and childrearing environment at twelve months did not show significant correlations with infant development at twelve months. 5. Developmental scores at six months showed significant correlations with variety in daily stimulation, and mother's emotional, verbal responsivity, whereas developmental scores at twelve months showed significant correlations with acceptance of child behavior at six months, and appropriate play material at twelve months. In conclusion, the maternal education program for primipara showed long term effect in some categories in organizing the childrearing environment, and fostering the infant development. We suggest further study and implications of parent role education program for high risk parents such as parents in low economic status or with premature babies.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.550-563
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• 2021

본 연구는 장애아동의 외현화된 문제행동이 어머니와 아동의 심리사회적 상호작용에 의한 결과물임을 인식하고, 이의 체계적 인과구조와 다차원적 영향관계를 실증적으로 검증함으로써 외현화 행동의 감소를 통한 장애아동 및 장애아동 가족의 순적한 정상화과정(normalization process)에 도움을 줄 수 있는 실천적 함의를 도출하고자 하였다. 이에 편의표집에 의해 선정된 장애아동 및 어머니 135명을 대상으로 어머니의 양육행동과 아동의 외현화 행동 간 관계에서 아동의 의도적 통제를 매개변인으로, 어머니 및 아동의 방어유형을 조절변인으로 하는 연구모형을 설정하고 조절된 매개효과를 검증할 수 있는 조건부 과정분석을 실시하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 어머니의 과보호 양육행동은 아동의 외현화 행동을 증가시키는데 있어 직접적 효과와 간접적 효과 모두 통계적으로 유의하고, 이에 아동의 의도적 통제에 의한 매개효과 역시 통계적으로 유의미함이 확인되었다. 둘째, 어머니의 방어유형에 의한 의도적 통제의 조절된 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의미하고, 아동의 방어유형에 의한 의도적 통제의 조절된 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않음이 확인되었다. 이상의 결과를 바탕으로, 어머니의 양육행동의 영향에 대한 중요성을 전제로, 부모-아동 상호작용 치료와 긍정적 행동지원 등의 효과적 전략 기틀 위에 과보호 행동변화를 위한 직접적 전략, 아동의 의도적 통제성향과의 병행전략, 어머니의 대처전략 적용을 통한 차선적 전략 등에 대한 실천적 함의를 논의하였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.717-734
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• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify preschool children's eating behaviors associated with early childhood obesity and its multi-level, socio-ecological determinants. SUBJECTS/METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 364 mothers of preschool children aged 3-5 years, these children's healthy eating behaviors were assessed using a validated preschool nutrition quotient (NQ-P) questionnaire. The children's overweight or obesity statuses were determined based on body mass index percentiles from the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart. The associations between the NQ-P score and risk of overweight or obesity were examined using multivariable logistic regression. The associations of individual, maternal, physical, and media environmental factors with the NQ-P score were also examined using multivariable linear regression. RESULTS: Preschool children with greater NQ-P scores were at a significantly lower risk of overweight or obesity (P < 0.01). The NQ-P score had a significantly positive association with maternal body mass index and an inverse association with household income (all P < 0.05). Maternal parenting and feeding practices exhibited associations with the NQ-P score. Positive associations were observed with "warm," "structured," and "autonomy-supportive" parenting as well as monitoring feeding practices (all P < 0.05). In addition, the NQ-P score had a significantly positive association with the childcare center's anti-obesogenic environment, such as the provision of nutritional and physical-activity support and vicinity of the built food environment to the home, including access to good-quality food, fruits and vegetables, and low-fat foods (all P < 0.05). Regarding media environments, the NQ-P score demonstrated more significant associations with viewing and eating and/or cooking content displayed on online video platforms (all P < 0.05) than with that on television. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm the significance of healthy eating behaviors in early-childhood-obesity prevention and underscore the importance of multilevel maternal, physical, and media environmental interventions that effectively guide eating behaviors in preschool children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate factors affecting health behaviors in late school-aged children from multicultural families. Methods: This study included 401 children (112 from multicultural families and 289 from non-multicultural backgrounds) in grades 4~6 in 11 elementary schools. Data on health behaviors and related factors (school adjustment, the mother-child relationship, self-efficacy, etc.) were collected from the children using self-reported questionnaires between May and June in 2019. The collected data were analyzed through a univariate analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: The health behavior score of multicultural children was lower than that of non-multicultural children (t=3.32, p=.001). In multicultural children, school adjustment (β=.55, p<.001), mother-child relationship (β=.25, p=.001), and perceived health status (very healthy=1; β=.19, p=.011) were significant factors affecting their health behavior and explained 47.0% (F=30.93, p<.001) of the variance. Conclusion: Multicultural late school-aged children are at risk to engage in a lower level of health behaviors than their non-multicultural counterparts. More attention should be paid to ways of improving multicultural children's perceptions of their health status, maternal relationships, and school adjustment in order to promote health behaviors.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2021

Objectives: This study examined the association between the dietary behavior and weight status of preschool children and their mothers in Daejeon, Korea. Methods: A total of 301 mother-preschool children (aged 3~6 years) dyads were included in this study. The dietary behavior of children and their mothers was assessed using the Nutrition Quotient (NQ) questionnaire for preschoolers and adults, respectively. The NQ questionnaires were completed by the mothers. The overweight/obesity status of children and their mothers was determined using data on height and body weight reported by the mothers. Multiple logistic regression was performed to examine the relationship between the dietary behavior and weight status of children and their mothers. Results: The mean NQ score was 58.9 ± 9.7 in children and 55.6 ± 9.2 in mothers. The NQ score was higher in boys than girls but did not vary by age. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 27.5% in children and 46.5% in mothers. The physical activity level of mothers and their NQ scores were positively associated with the NQ scores of the children. After adjustment for covariates, the mothers in the highest tertile of NQ scores showed a lower odds ratio (OR) for the unhealthy dietary behavior of children (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.11~0.53, P < 0.001) compared to those in the lowest tertile. The obese mothers showed a higher OR for children's overweight/obesity (OR = 3.38, 95% CI = 1.68~6.80, P = 0.001) compared to normal weight mothers. Conclusions: The dietary behavior and weight status of young children and their mothers were closely linked. Nutrition education programs targeting mothers are necessary for improving maternal and child nutrition. Specifically, these programs need to be tailored to the socioeconomic characteristics or weight status of mothers.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.345-358
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• 1996

All human health behavior is deeply rooted one's beliefs or value system usually encompassed within the culture in which they live. The Taegyo, based on Oriental folk medicine, is defined as the behavior and self care of pregnant women administered for herself and her fetus(unborn child). Taegyo is believed to be desirable, effective, and healthy behavior by most of Korean pregnant women. It is essential in our contemporary culture, to ascertain what the components of Taegyo are and to integrate them into current, western nursing care, particularly in the area of prenatal care. 910 Korean women were the subjects of this study, who were in a gestation period of pregnancy between 10 weeks to three months postpartum. The subjects were selected by clustered smpling from 10 representative cities in Korea. Data was collected from February 10 to March 30 1995 by a constructed Questionnaire which consisted of 95 items. The questionnaire was developed through three steps such as content analysis, calculation of content validity index, and pretest. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and rotated matrix factor analysis with pc-SAS. The mean age of the subjects was 28.9 years : 36.5％ of them were employed and the mean income per month was about 2000 dollars. The component of Taegyo was clustered into five factors such as fetus psychological stability(equity), fetus personality development, maternal-fetal interaction, fetus intellectual development and physical health promotion. The variance of each factor were 23.7％, 8.3％, 4. 7％, 4.1％, and 3.3％ respectively in that order. The Eigen value of each factor was 13.03, 4.57, 2.60, 2.23, and l.83 respectively. It was found that the Taegyo is an unique and holistic self care behavior of Korean pregnant women. Therefore it has been concluded that this study has broadened the understandability of the implications the Taegyo. It is suggested that further studies on the effects of the Taegyo are needed to provide a scientific basis for professional maternity nursing.