• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.373-387
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• 2013

수자원시스템의 효율적인 운영 및 관리를 위해서는 하천 시설물들을 효율적으로 연계운영 할 필요가 있다. 그러나 이를 위한 시뮬레이션 모형은 최선의 대안을 보장하지 못하고, 최적화 모형은 복잡한 수계 현황을 유연하게 고려하는데 어려움이 있다. 따라서 시뮬레이션과 최적화 기법의 한계점을 서로 보완해서 활용하는 것이 바람직하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 시뮬레이션과 최적화 기법의 원론적 비교를 통해 각 기법의 장 단점을 분석하고, 두 방법의 한계점을 극복할 수 있는 시뮬레이션 기반의 최적화 모형, CoWMOM의 활용을 제안한다. 아울러 댐-보 연계운영 모형의 활용방안으로 i) 과거의 특정 기간에 대한 분석 도구로써의 활용법과, ii) 미래 수문 정보가 불확실한 상황에서 댐-보 연계운영을 하는 현실에 적합한 모형 활용 절차를 제시한다.

• 한국기록관리학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.177-200
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• 2022

행정정보 데이터세트는 조직의 업무수행을 기반으로 생산되는 기록이다. 기록 행위에 대한 증거일뿐만 아니라 업무에 활용될 수 있는 수많은 정보를 포함하고 있다. 그동안 기록관리 현장의 그늘에 있던 데이터세트는 2020년 법령의 개정을 통해 기록으로 관리될 수 있는 법적 근거가 마련되었다. 이에 데이터세트 기록관리업무는 필요한 기관을 중심으로 이미 점진적으로 시작되었다. 데이터세트 기록관리업무의 핵심은 관리기준표의 작성에 있다. 그러나 기록관리를 수행하는 현장에서는 기록관리기준표 개념과의 혼선과 익숙하지 않은 개념의 등장으로 업무의 고충을 토로하고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 배경 속에서 초반에 드러나는 데이터세트 기록관리의 문제점을 다시 한번 되짚어 보고, 보다 효과적으로 데이터세트 기록관리업무를 안착시킬 방법을 제시하고자 한다. 그 방안으로 관리기준표를 연구대상으로 선정하여 그간 논의되었던 문제점을 정리하고, 현행의 관리기준표 항목을 분석하였다. 연구의 결과로 관리기준표 항목의 간소화, 관리기준표 영역의 재편성, 보유기간의 개념 도입, 관리기준표 작성 프로세스를 제언하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.386-394
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• 2020

Background: In the emergency department (ED), adequate pain control is essential for managing patients; however, children with pain are known to receive less analgesia than adults with pain. We introduce the Pain Passport to improve pain management in paediatric patients with suspected fractures in the ED. Methods: This was a before-and-after study. We reviewed the medical records of paediatric patients who were primarily diagnosed with fractures from May to August 2015. After the introduction of the Pain Passport, eligible children were enrolled from May to August 2016. Demographics, analgesic administration rates, time intervals between ED arrival and analgesic administration, and satisfaction scores were obtained. We compared the analgesic prescription rate between the two periods using multiple logistic regression. Results: A total of 58 patients were analysed. The baseline characteristics of subjects during the two periods were not significantly different. Before the introduction of the Pain Passport, 9 children (31.0%) were given analgesics, while after the introduction of the Pain Passport, a significantly higher percentage of patients (24/29, 82.8%) were treated with analgesics (P < 0.001). The median administration times were 112 (interquartile range [IQR], 64-150) minutes in the pre-intervention period and 24 (IQR, 20-74) minutes in the post-intervention period. The median satisfaction score for the post-intervention period was 4 (IQR, 3-5). The adjusted odds ratio for providing analgesics in the post-intervention period was 25.91 (95% confidence interval, 4.36-154.02). Conclusions: Patient-centred pain scoring with the Pain Passport improved pain management in patients with suspected fractures in the paediatric ED.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2016

Background The prenatal ultrasound detection of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) and its continuous management in the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods using a multidisciplinary team approach can be beneficial for parents and their infants. In this report, we share our experiences with the prenatal detection of CL/P and the multidisciplinary management of this malformation in our institution's Congenital Disease Center. Methods The multidisciplinary team of the Congenital Disease Center for mothers of children with CL/P is composed of obstetricians, plastic and reconstructive surgeons, pediatricians, and psychiatrists. A total of 11 fetuses were diagnosed with CL/P from March 2009 to December 2013, and their mothers were referred to the Congenital Disease Center of our hospital. When CL/P is suspected in the prenatal ultrasound screening examination, the pregnant woman is referred to our center for further evaluation. Results The abortion rate was 28% (3/11). The concordance rate of the sonographic and final diagnoses was 100%. Ten women (91%) reported that they were satisfied with the multidisciplinary management in our center. Conclusions Although a child with a birth defect is unlikely to be received well, the women whose fetuses were diagnosed with CL/P on prenatal ultrasound screening and who underwent multidisciplinary team management were more likely to decide to continue their pregnancy.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2020

Turbidity has various effects on the water quality and ecosystem of a river. High turbidity during floods increases the operation cost of a drinking water supply system. Thus, the management of turbidity is essential for providing safe water to the public. There have been various efforts to estimate turbidity in river systems for proper management and early warning of high turbidity in the water supply process. Advanced data analysis technology using machine learning has been increasingly used in water quality management processes. Artificial neural networks(ANNs) is one of the first algorithms applied, where the overfitting of a model to observed data and vanishing gradient in the backpropagation process limit the wide application of ANNs in practice. In recent years, deep learning, which overcomes the limitations of ANNs, has been applied in water quality management. LSTM(Long-Short Term Memory) is one of novel deep learning algorithms that is widely used in the analysis of time series data. In this study, LSTM is used for the prediction of high turbidity(>30 NTU) in a river from the relationship of turbidity to discharge, which enables early warning of high turbidity in a drinking water supply system. The model showed 0.98, 0.99, 0.98 and 0.99 for precision, recall, F1-score and accuracy respectively, for the prediction of high turbidity in a river with 2 hour frequency data. The sensitivity of the model to the observation intervals of data is also compared with time periods of 2 hour, 8 hour, 1 day and 2 days. The model shows higher precision with shorter observation intervals, which underscores the importance of collecting high frequency data for better management of water resources in the future.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.243-243
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• 2015

Low-flow simulation and forecasting is one of the emerging issues in hydrology due to the increasing demand of water in dry periods. Even though low-flow simulation and forecasting remains a difficult issue for hydrologists better simulation and earlier prediction of low flows are crucial for efficient water management. The UN has never stated that South Korea is in a water shortage. However, a recent study by MOLIT indicates that Korea will probably lack water by 4.3 billion m3 in 2020 due to several factors, including land cover and climate change impacts. The two main situations that generate low-flow events are an extended dry period (summer low-flow) and an extended period of low temperature (winter low-flow). This situation demands the hydrologists to concentrate more on low-flow hydrology. Korea's annual average precipitation is about 127.6 billion m3 where runoff into rivers and losses accounts 57% and 43% respectively and from 57% runoff discharge to the ocean is accounts 31% and total water use is about 26%. So, saving 6% of the runoff will solve the water shortage problem mentioned above. The main objective of this study is to present the hydrological modelling approach for low-flow simulation and forecasting using a model that have a capacity to represent the real hydrological behavior of the catchment and to address the water management of summer as well as winter low-flow. Two lumped hydrological models (GR4J and CAT) will be applied to calibrate and simulate the streamflow. The models will be applied to Seolmacheon catchment using daily streamflow data at Jeonjeokbigyo station, and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiencies will be calculated to check the model performance. The expected result will be summarized in a different ways so as to provide decision makers with the probabilistic forecasts and the associated risks of low flows. Finally, the results will be presented and the capacity of the models to provide useful information for efficient water management practice will be discussed.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.467-474
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• 2013

Construction contactors must continuously seek to improve their cash flows, which reside at the heart of their financial success. They require careful planning, analysis, and optimization to avoid the risk of bankruptcy, remain profitable, and secure long-term growth. Sources of cash include bank loans and retained earnings, which are conceptually similar in that they both incur a cost of capital. Financial management therefore requires accurate yet customizable modeling capabilities that can quantify all expenses, including said cost of capital. However, currently existing cash flow models in construction engineering and management have strongly simplified the manner in which interest is assessed, which may even lead to overstating it at a disadvantage to contractors. The variable nature of cash balances, especially in the early phases of construction projects, contribute to this challenging issue. This research therefore extends a new cash flow model with an accurate interest calculation. It utilizes singularity functions, so called because of their ability to flexibly model changes across any number of different ranges. The interest function is continuous for activity costs of any duration and allows the realistic case that activities may begin between integer time periods, which are often calendar months. Such fractional interest calculation has hitherto been lacking from the literature. It also provides insights into the self-referential behavior of compound interest for variable cash balances. The contribution of this study is twofold; augmenting the corpus of financial analysis theory with a new interest formula, whose strengths include its generic nature and that it can be evaluated at any fractional value of time, and providing construction managers with a tool to help improve and fine-tune the financial performance of their projects.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2014

In industrial situation, electronic and electro-mechanical systems have been using different type of batteries in rapidly increasing numbers. These systems commonly require high reliability for long periods of time. Wider application of battery for low-power design as a prime power source requires us knowledge of failure mechanism and reliability of batteries in terms of load condition, environment condition and other explanatory variables. Battery life is an important factor that affects the reliability of such systems. There is need for us to understand the mechanism leading to the failure state of battery with performance characteristic and develop a method to predict the life of such battery. The purpose of this paper is to develope the methodology of monitoring the health of battery and determining the condition or fate of such systems through the performance reliability to predict the remaining useful life of primary battery with load condition, operating condition, environment change in light of battery life variation. In order to evaluate on-going performance of systems and subsystems adopting primary batteries as energy source, The primitive prototype for performance reliability analysis device was developed and related framework explained.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.79-100
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• 2004

This study attempted to examine the employment instability on consumer's use of credit as a financing medium. The purpose of this study was 1) to examine the effect of employment related factors on consumers' use of credit; 2) to compare the results between the two different economic situations. A conceptual framework was developed based on the permanent income hypothesis, family stress theory, and the previous empirical studies. Using data on working households ih the 1992 and 1998 Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF), double-hurdle analyses were conducted. The results suggested that employment related factors that measured employment stability were significantly related to the likelihood of having an outstanding balance on their credit account but were not the influential factors in determining the amount of the outstanding balance. Among other factors, resources factor played the most significant role in determining both the likelihood of having an outstanding balance and the amount of the balance. Although the 1992 and 1998 data represent economic downturn and economic prosperous period, the effects of the factors including employment instability factors were similar between the two periods. This imply that employment instability has increased even in the economic prosperous period. From the findings, several implications for policy makers, credit industry, and financial educators were suggested.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.79-90
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• 1987

This second consecutive research was connected to 7he previous first research with same title. The purpose of this research is to estimate the carrying capacity for the Seonjeong royal tomb and to propose its management planning. User's characteristics and relationship between user's density and vegetational environment were analized for the above objective. The result of this research shall be summarized as follows. 1. The site was damaged seriously by pupils and social groups'picnic activities concentrated in special periods of Friday and weekend during April and May. 2. Social-psychological carrying capacity estimation would be impossible due to lack of relationship between user's density and satisfaction. 3. Maximum user's density limits as a ecological carrying capacity was 1.4 persons per 100 square meters and modified optimum ecological carrying capacity was estimated as 1.0persons per 100 square meters. Maximum visitors as a optimum carrying capacity of the Seonjeong royal tomb area was estimated as 6,000 persons when supposing the proposed landuse planning. 4. To restore and preserve the tomb landscape as a traditional historic site, Seonjeong royal tomb shall be managed by three landuse areas ; protection and control area, natural picnic area and shaded picnic area. And the protection and control area include three sites ; natural reclamation site, natural preservation site and tomb landscape conservation site.