• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.122-125
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• 2012

This study was aimed for a development of a useful gene promoter which has a transcript expressional specificity in the early embryonic period of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. To select a useful gene expressed in the early embryonic stage, we constructed and analyzed a PCR-base subtraction cDNA library. In subtractive hybridization analysis, we confirmed four clones as differently expressed genes(BmNanos-like, BmNanos-P, BmNanos-O, BmVasa mRNAs). Northern hybridization and real time PCR results reveled that the BmNanos-like gene promoter is suitable for the silkworm transgenic vector system. Further defined studies on molecular functions and biological roles of their promoters will give us well-fined information and its application.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.149-153
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• 2008

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is unequivocally elevated in the kidney with ischemic acute renal failure (ARF), whereas ET receptors ($ET_AR$ and $ET_BR$) are variably expressed. Although renal functional and structural changes are similar between ischemic and nephrotoxic ARF, there are few reports on the alteration in the ET system in nephrotoxic ARF. This study was, therefore, undertaken to investigate changes in renal expression of ET-l and its receptors in nephrotoxic ARF induced by cisplatin. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with 16 mg of cisplatin/kg at a single dose, and the expression of mRNA and protein was then quantified by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was conducted for localization. Three days after treatment, ET-1 transcript in cisplatin-treated mice was thirteen times higher than that in controls, whereas ET-1 peptide was increased by 1.5-fold. Cisplatin caused a 2-fold increase in the levels of ETAR mRNA and protein. Most of the increased immunoreactive ET-1 and ETAR were localized in damaged tubules. Neither the expression of ETBR mRNA nor the abundance and immunoreactive level of ETBR protein were changed. The findings suggest that the individual components of the renal ET system are differentially regulated in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxic ARF.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 2010

Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of chondrocyte re-differentiation in using ukmijihwang-Tang gamibang aqua-acupuncture. Methods In this study, chondrocytes were extracted from New Zealand white rabbit's knee joint, and cultured in monolayer after collagenase treatment. In the third passage, after the mRNA transcript of the type II collagen significantly reduced, diluted Yukmijihwang-Tang gamibang were added to cultured of chondrocyte, and its effect on the mRNA expression of type II collagen was quantitatively evaluated. Results As a result of treatment with Yukmijihwang-Tang gamibang in vitro for 48 hours, the mRNA expression of type II collagen was up-regulated. In addition, the result of H&E-staining in vivo indicated that chondrocyte-like tissues were formed in repairing injured cartilages after 12 weeks of treatment with Yukmijihwang-Tang gamibang. Conclusions These results indicated that Yukmijihwang-Tang gamibang was effective on the recovery of chondrocyte phenotype, and could be used for cartilage regeneration in arthritic diseases. However, more clinical study of Oriental medical treatment for this case might be also needed.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2003

Androgen plays an important role in the regulation of gonadotropin production in vertebrates . We have investigated the transcriptional pattern of androgen receptor (AR) in a variety of tissues in maturing male and female goldfish by RT-PCR. Specific primer for AR was designed based on goldfish AR gene from the GenBank (accession number AY090897). AR was shown 10 be maturity- and tissue-dependent gene expression pattern in goldfish. In immature male goldfish, significantly higher transcript level of AR was observed in the pituitary und testis , compared [0 brain and liver. Mature male goldfish showed a similar expression pattern to immature male goldfish. Interestingly. when compare to male goldfish, female goldfish showed AR mRNA expression that was found 10 be weak in pituitary, and very low expression in brain. They could not be found 10 have expression in any other tissues. Taken together. the- transcriptional analysis of AR depending on the tissue, sex. and maturity of a goldfish provides the opportunity for the study of goldfish reproductive physiology ,The results provided for the first time a comparison of the tissue distribution of AR mRNA in sexually maturating male and female goldfish.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.295-302
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• 2002

Uterine cells carry out proliferation and differentiation for preparation the embryonic implantation during pregnancy. Therefore regulation of the cell proliferation is an essential step for uterine preparation, but there is not much information about the proliferation related genes in pregnant uterus. To identify these implantation specific genes, a PCR-select cDNA subtraction method was employed and got a few genes. One of the identified genes is a novel gene encoding oral tumor suppressor doc-1. To detect the doc-1 expression on the pregnant uterus, dot blotting, RT-PCR, and in situ hybridization were employed. Dot blotting revealed that doc-1 mRNA expression increase after implantation. During normal pregnancy, doc-1 mRNA expression was detected as early as day 1 of pregnancy with RT-PCR. Its expression was increased about 15 times after embryonic implantation. doc-1 transcript was localized in luminal epithelial cells but it was very faint during preimplantation. After starting the implantation, it localized in the stromal cells; heightened expression of doc-1 correlates with intense stromal cell proliferation surrounding the implanting blastocyst on day 6 morning. However in the decidualized cells, the intensity of localized doc-1 mRNA was weak. From those results, it is revealed that doc-1 express at pregnant uterus of the mouse. In addition it is suggested that doc-1 is the gene regulating the proliferation of the luminal epithelial cells and stromal cells during early implantation and decidualization.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.54-59
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• 2015

Purpose: Growth hormone (GH) therapy substantially improves several cognitive functions in PWS. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of GH on cognition remain unclear in PWS. In this study, we investigated the effects of recombinant human GH on the gene expression of GABAB receptor subunits and GH/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis genes in the brain regions of PWS-mimicking mice (Snord116del). Methods: Snord116del mice were injected subcutaneously with 1.0 mg/kg GH or saline, once daily for 7 days. The collected brain tissues were analyzed for mRNA content using quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex. Results: GH increased the mRNA expression level of the $GABA_{B1}$ receptor subunit ($GABA_{BR1}$) and IGF-1R in the cerebellum. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was found between the level of $GABA_{BR1}$ mRNA and the expression of the IGF-1R transcript. GH also induced an increase in the mRNA expression of IGF-2 and IGF-2R in the cerebellum. Conclusion: These data indicate that GH may provide beneficial effects on cognitive function through its influences on the expression of $GABA_{BR1}$ and GH/IGF-1 axis genes in PWS patients.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.18.1-18.10
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• 2016

In this study, to clarify the function of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$, in response to stress challenge, we examined the $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ expression pattern in response to external stress (pathogen-associated molecular pathogen challenge and environmental challenge including temperature and salinity). $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ expression analysis of tissue from olive flounder showed that the messenger RNA (mRNA) was predominantly expressed in the brain, heart, eye, liver, spleen, and stomach. We also tested the mRNA expression of the $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ in the spleen and kidney of olive flounder by RT-PCR and real-time PCR following stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), concanavalin A (ConA), or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C) and compared with the inflammatory cytokines IL-1b and IL-6 in the stimulated flounder tissues. Each of the spleen and kidney and mRNA transcripts of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ were increased 30- and 10-fold than normal tissue at 1-6 h post injection (HPI) with PolyI:C when the expression of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ transcript was similar to LPS and ConA. We also tested the expression of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ in response to temperature and salinity stress. The expression of $PoPLC-{\beta}1$ also was affected by temperature and salinity stress. Our results provide clear evidence that the olive flounder $PLC-{\beta}1$ signal pathways may play a critical role in immune function at the cellular level and in inflammation reactions. In addition, $PLC-{\beta}1$ appears to act as an oxidative-stress suppressor to prevent cell damage in fish.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.317-325
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• 2017

Direct communication between neighboring cells through connexin (Cx)-based gap junction is a crucial biological manner to regulate functions of a tissue consisting of multi-cell types. The present research evaluated expressional changes of Cx isoforms in the caput epididymis of adult rat exposed to estradiol benzoate (EB) or flutamide (Flu) at the early postnatal age. A single subcutaneous administration of EB at a low-dose [$0.015{\mu}g/kg$ body weight (BW)] or a high-dose ($1.5{\mu}g/kg\;BW$) or Flu at a low-dose ($500{\mu}g/kg\;BW$) or a high-dose (5 mg/kg BW) was performed to an animal at 1 week of age. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was employed to determine expressional changes of Cx isoforms. The transcript levels of Cxs30.3 and 37 were decreased by a low-dose EB treatment, while decreases of Cxs31, 31.1, 32, 40, and 45 transcript levels were observed with a low-dose EB treatment. The treatment of a high-dose EB resulted in expressional reduction of Cxs30.3, 31, 31.1, 37, 40, 43, and 45. The Flu treatment at a low dose caused increases of Cxs26, 37, and 40 transcript levels but decreases of Cxs31.1, 43, and 45 transcript levels. Increases of Cxs30.3, 31, 37, and 40 mRNA amounts were induced by a high-dose Flu treatment. However, exposure to a high-dose Flu produced expressional decreases of Cxs31.1, 32, and 43 in the adult caput epididymis. These observations suggest that exposure to EB or Flu at the neonatal period could lead to aberrant expression of Cx isoforms in the adult caput epididymis.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.95-100
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• 1999

Growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) is a member of the transforming growth factor $\beta$ (TGF-$\beta$) superfamily. It has been known that GDF-9 is a growth factor having a crucial role in normal folliculogenesis and its expression is oocyte-specific. The present study was aimed to elucidate the expression of GDF-9 mRNA in the mouse primordial follicles as well as in the other developmental stages. The semiquantitative analysis of GDF-9 mRNA expression was conducted. Total RNA was extracted from the ICR mice ovaries at gestational day 19, postnatal day 1, day 10, day 21, and day 28, and RT-PCR was performed to measure GDF-9 and $\beta$-actin mRNA levels. Level of GDF-9 mRNA were normalized against the level of $\beta$-actin mRNA, and compared among different stages. GDF-9 mRNA was detected in all samples including the fetal ovaries that mainly consists of primordial follicles. The highest level of mRNA was observed in ovaries obtained at day 10 that mainly consists of growing follicles. The present result suggests that GDF-9 may play an important role in the early stage of folliculogenesis.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.330-336
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• 2016

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in multiple cellular events, as well as in tumorigenesis. Colon cance-rassociated transcript-1 (CCAT1) gene encodes an lncRNA whose over-activation was observed in an expanding list of primary human solid tumors and tumor cell lines, however its biological roles in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has not been reported yet at present. In this study, the aberrant upregulation of CCAT1 was detected in French-American-British M4 and M5 subtypes of adult AML patients. By gain- and loss-of-function analysis, we determined that CCAT1 repressed monocytic differentiation and promoted cell growth of HL-60 by sequestering tumor suppressive miR-155. Accordingly, a significant decrease in miR-155 level was detected in AML patients. Reintroduction of miR-155 into HL-60 cells restored monocytic maturation and repressed cell proliferation. Furthermore, CCAT1 could up-regulated c-Myc via its competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) activity on miR-155. In conclusion, these results revealed new mechanism of lncRNA CCAT1 in AML development, and suggested that the manipulation of CCAT1 expression could serve as a potential strategy in AML therapy.