• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2018

본 연구는 국민기초생활 보장법에 따라 저소득층으로 분류된 지역민 218명을 대상으로 평생교육 참여 실태와 요구를 분석하였다. 이에 따른 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 평생교육의 참여 실태 중, 저소득층의 학습역량을 살펴보면, 외국어 사용 능력 95.3%, ICT 활용 역량 66.1%, 컴퓨터 활용 능력 75.7%로 사용 및 활용하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 저소득층의 평생교육 참여율은 75.7%로 나타났으며 이를 수동적인 교육 참여로 보고 자발적 참여를 구별하여 분석한 결과, 실질적인 평생교육 참여율은 22.9%로 매우 저조하게 나타났다. 평생교육 참여여부에 따른 사회참여 및 인식은 참여경험이 있는 응답자가 참여경험이 없는 응답자보다 전반적으로 43.3% 높게 나타났으며, 특히 자발적인 참여자가 참여경험이 없는 응답자보다 73.3%나 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 저소득층의 평생교육에 대한 요구를 분석한 결과, 희망 교육프로그램이 있는지에 대해 응답자 중 74.8%가 없다고 응답하였다. 그리고 시간이 없어서 참여하지 못하는 경우가 50.0%로 가장 많았으며, 참여를 희망하는 프로그램에는 가정생활, 건강 및 의료강좌, 전문 자격 취득과정 등 실생활에 도움을 줄 수 있는 프로그램을 희망하였다. 이는 소득 수준이 평생교육 참여에 크게 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 본 연구 결과를 분석한바, 현재 한국의 평생교육이 강조되고 그에 따른 참여율도 급증하고 있지만, 저소득층의 평생교육 참여는 저조하게 나타나고 있다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2021

본 연구는 저소득 가구의 가족갈등과 가족관계만족도의 변화와 사회경제적 박탈 경험이 이에 미치는 종단적 영향에 대해 살펴봄으로써 사회경제적인 위기 상황에서 저소득 가구 대한 지원방향 설정의 기초자료를 마련하고자 하였다. 한국복지패널의 10차에서 14차에 걸친 5개년 자료를 활용하여 총 803명의 저소득가구의 가구주가 응답한 가족갈등과 가족관계만족도의 종단적 변화를 살펴보았고, 사회경제적 박탈경험이 변화에 미치는 영향에 대하여 살펴보았다. 먼저 저소득가구의 가족갈등은 시간의 변화에 따라 미약한 수준으로 감소하였으며, 가족관계만족도의 변화율은 유의하지 않았다. 사회경제적 박탈을 경험한 가족의 경우, 미경험 가구보다 가족갈등의 초기치가 높았고 변화율은 유의하지 않았으며, 가족관계만족도는 미경험 가구보다 유경험 가구의 초기치가 낮았다. 본 연구결과를 통해 저소득 가구가 사회경제적 박탈을 경험하게 되면 심리적 압박을 느끼게 되고 가족의 불안이 높아지면서 가족갈등이 높고 가족관계만족도가 낮다는 것을 알 수 있다. 이를 바탕으로 지금과 같은 사회경제적 위기 상황에서 저소득 가구에 대하여 경제적 지원과 사회보장적 지원을 확대하고 이와 더불어 가족이 갈등을 스스로 조절하고 원활하게 문제를 해결하도록 돕는 지원이 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.405-414
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• 1998

This study was to evaluate the anthropometry, dietary attitudes and the other factors of 201 children in day-care centers according to their parents' income levels. The evaluation was conducted using anthropometric measurements such as height, weight, skinfold thickness, blood pressure, and questionnaire survey which was completed by the children's mothers. The results are summarized as follows: Overall growth of children was normal according to Korean standard. There were no significant differences in anthropometry according to the income levels. The scores of eating habits of children were different significantly according to income levels. That is, the score was the lowest in the low-income group. Children generally prefer one-dish meal or snacks, while the preference levels of kimchi, seasoned vegetable and beans broiled in soysauce were lower than those cf other foods. In the questions to know mothers' nutrition knowledge, we could see that they didn't know well about protein, breast-feeding, weaning and balance in nutrients. Nutrition knowledge score of mothers was significantly lower in the low income group, which shows close relationship with low-score eating habits of their children. The score of nutrition knowledge was affected by the mother's education level. The higher the mother's nutrition knowledge and education level, the better children's eating habits. These findings emphasize the planning and application of nutrition education programs for mothers especially in the low income group.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.435-445
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• 2017

본 연구는 단순 의료이용의 차이를 확인하거나 제한적인 의료필요와 의료이용지표를 활용하여 의료이용의 형평성을 연구한 선행연구의 한계를 극복하기 위하여 수행되었다. 구체적으로 의료필요지표로 활동제한여부, 만성질환이환여부와 수, 주관적 건강상태를 활용하였고 의료이용지표로 외래와 입원, 응급이용횟수와 진료비를 활용하였다. 아울러 의료필요를 고려한 의료이용의 형평성을 분석하기 위하여 집중지수와 집중곡선, Le Grand계수를 활용하였다. 주요 분석결과, 첫째 단순한 의료이용 집중정도로 볼 때 저소득층의 의료이용량이 고소득층에 비해서 많은 것이다. 특히, 저소득층 입원이용이 외래나 응급이용에 비해서 크게 많았다. 둘째, 저소득층에게 의료필요가 집중된 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 저소득층의 건강상태가 좋지 않은 것이다. 셋째, 의료필요를 고려한 의료이용의 형평성을 확인하기 위하여 Le Grand계수를 산출하였다. 의료필요를 고려하더라도 고소득층의 의료이용량이 많았다. 즉, 단순한 양적인 의료이용은 저소득층의 이용이 많았지만, 의료필요를 고려한 의료이용횟수는 고소득층이 많은 것이다. 또한, 전체진료비는 활동제한여부와 만성질환수를 고려했을 때는 고소득층의 의료이용이 많았으며 주관적 건강상태와 만성질환이환여부를 고려하였을 때는 저소득층의 의료이용이 많았다. 따라서 대체로 저소득층이 건강상태에 비해 의료이용을 충분히 하지 못하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 한편, 저소득층의 주관적 건강상태와 만성질환이환여부 관련 의료필요에 비해 의료비지출이 많았는데 이는 저소득층이 스스로의 건강상태와 만성질환이환에 대한 인식을 소극적으로 함으로써 의료필요가 과소평가된 것이 원인으로 사료된다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.79-101
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• 2014

The main objective of this study is to explain the differences in intergenerational resource transfers among the middle-aged at various income levels. Analyses of data on financial resource transfers from the 2nd wave of the Korean Retirement and Income Study were conducted. The study sample consisted of 931 middle-aged individuals who had at least one living parent and one child. The data analysis methods were ${\chi}^2$ analysis, one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA), logistic regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Financial resource transfers are statistically significant factors explaining the preparation for later life and life satisfaction of middle-aged individuals. The empirical results reveal that the frequency of intergenerational financial transfers was significantly higher in high-income households than in middle- and low- income households. A comparison of high-, middle- and low-income households shows that financial resource transfers had a greater influence on the preparation for later life and life satisfaction of the middle-aged in middle-income households than in low- or high-income households. The level of life satisfaction was dependent upon to whom middle-aged individuals gave financial resources. In the middle-income group, the middle-aged who gave financial resources to their parents were more likely to have higher life satisfaction than those who did not. Receiving financial transfers from parents or children did not have a statistically significant impact on the life satisfaction of the middle-aged in any income-level group.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.494-502
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• 2017

이 연구에서는 세계 각국의 소득불평등이 심화되는 가운데 네덜란드와 덴마크는 어떻게 불평등이 증가하는 정도를 낮출 수 있었는지를 살펴보았다. 한국, 미국, 독일, 스웨덴과 비교하여 네덜란드와 덴마크의 불평등 수준과 추이는 어떠한지, 불평등 변화의 분해를 통해 이 국가들에서 불평등 변화에 영향을 미친 요인은 무엇인지를 밝혔다. 또한 네덜란드와 덴마크는 어떠한 노동시장정책을 통해 불평등을 완화하였는지를 탐색하였다. 네덜란드에서 근로소득 불평등이 완화된 중요한 원인 중의 하나는 자발적 시간제 노동의 증가를 통해 여성의 경제활동 참여가 증진되었기 때문이다. 여성들이 시간제 노동에 적극적으로 참여하게 된 배경에는 정규직과 비정규직 간의 동등한 대우를 통해 자신의 상황에 맞게 경제활동에 참여할 수 있는 제도적 여건을 마련한 것이 중요한 요인으로 작용하였다. 덴마크는 기술훈련 강화 등 적극적 노동시장 정책을 통해 저숙련, 저임금 근로자의 숙련도를 향상시켜 임금격차를 완화할 수 있었다. 네덜란드와 덴마크의 경험에 기반하여 이 연구에서는 한국의 소득 불평등을 완화하는 정책방향을 논의하였다.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.587-600
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of family resources on social exclusion and the resilience of low-income families. To be more specific, this study categorized the level of social exclusion into five dimensions: work, housing, health, education, and social participation. Further, family resources were categorized into the two dimensions of "internal resources of the family" and "external resources of the family" in order to evaluate the effects of the two differentiated dimensions on social exclusion and the resilience of low-income families. The data of low-income families for the period of August 23 to September 28, 2012, were collected from community welfare centers that manage individual development accounts and local self-sufficiency centers; 302 cases were considered. The main results of this study were as follows: firstly, the model analysis proved that family resources as a parameter was significant, not only statistically but also theoretically and practically. Secondly, while a negative relationship was found between social exclusion and family resources, a positive relationship was found between family resources and resilience. This implied that the alleviation of a low-income family's social exclusion level could become an important intervention for the improvement of the family's functioning and strengths. Further, it implied that the qualitative improvement of the family's resources that affected the promotion of the resilience could be a basis for another practical intervention. These results suggested crucial implications for the development of comprehensive policies for addressing poverty issues.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2015

With a rapidly aging population, the proportion of elderly households with low income has been increasing. Despite the poor housing environment, it is not easy to improve their housing environment due to the high cost of modification. However, as many elderly want to keep living in their current houses, it is urgent to improve their housing environment. The purpose of this study was to develop the guidelines on home modification for low-income elderly. This study set the scope of home modification categories through literature analysis in advance to develop the guidelines. Based on the literature analysis and small group workshops, the primary and secondary guidelines were derived and a total of 169 final guidelines were produced based on the scope of home modification categories. Those guidelines were composed of the categories by space, divided into mandatory and recommended by details. Those guidelines proposed in this study were classified and composed under the objective standards, so that they were systemic and objective based on the verification of experts. They are considered to get closer to the user's demand on the basis of the demand of low income elderly for home modification and the improvement categories under the system to support home modification for low income elderly at home and abroad. In addition, as the standards to apply each guideline, separated into mandatory and recommended, was suggested, those guidelines may help expand the scope of improvement under the economic conditions for home modification.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.56-64
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of health-promoting behaviors (HPB), marital intimacy, and parenting stress on the quality of life (QoL) of low-income women with young children in Korea, an underserved group. Methods: This cross-sectional survey employed a descriptive correlational design. Using convenience sampling, 123 low-income women with children younger than 6 years were recruited from 14 health and community centers in Jeonju, Korea, from June 2020 to May 2021. Participants completed a questionnaire on QoL, HPB, marital intimacy, and parenting stress. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Participants, who were on average 37.41±3.65 years old and had 1 to 2 children (n=98, 79.7%), reported a mid-level (3.14 out of 1-5) of QoL. Marital intimacy (β=.38, p<.001) was the most influential factor on the QoL of low-income women with young children. In descending order, HPB (β=.35, p<.001) and non- employment status (β=-.21, p=.003) had a significant influence on QoL (F=15.64, p<.001), and the overall explanatory power was 49.0%. Conclusion: Considering the mid-level QoL of low-income women with young children, programs aimed at improving the QoL of low-income women need to promote marital intimacy and maintain HPB, while considering their employment status. Strategies that include couple counseling, health care to encourage healthy lifestyles, and reemployment education are needed.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.51-74
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• 1991

It has been many changes in traditional Korean food habits according to the improvement of household income levels and the rise of standard of living. Therefore, the pattern of consumption in animal origin processed/convenient foods would have changed. This research aims to find the tendency of consumption in some animal origin processed/convenient foods compared with typical Korean traditional foods according to household income levels. Therefore, this survey was made on 698 children from 10 elementary schools located in Seoul. They were divided into 6 groups according to their household income levels. The data were analysed using Chi-square test and F-test in SPSS package program. From this research, the following results were obtained: 1. Their average monthly household income levels were between 500, 000~1, 500, 000 won(64.2%) and their family were of mostly 4~5 members. There were no significant differences in children's physical status among various income groups. As the household. income level increases, the food expenditure per month increases and Engel's coefficient decreases. 2. The animal origin processed/convenient foods that have no significant differences are ham, sausage, milk, yogurt, canned fish, and fish meal. The high-income groups preferred bacon, cheese, pork cutlet, and fried chicken, compared to those of low-income groups. The low-income groups preferred crab-flavored meal, compared to those of high-income groups. 3. In some Korean traditional foods, there were significant differences according to income levels. Those were Bulgogi, baked fish, fried meat, cooked fish and meat with soy-bean sauce. Fried fish and anchovy have no significant differences in food intake frequency according to household income levels. Chicken and egg saute are liked by children in every income groups. 4. Between the animal origin processed/convenient foods and the typical Korean nonprocessed traditional foods, children preferred the former regardless of income levels. In conclusion, animal origin processed/convenient food consumption patterns were not affected by household income levels.