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Mitochondrial Genome Sequence of Echinostoma revolutum from Red-Crowned Crane (Grus japonensis)

  • Ran, Rongkun;Zhao, Qi;Abuzeid, Asmaa M.I.;Huang, Yue;Liu, Yunqiu;Sun, Yongxiang;He, Long;Li, Xiu;Liu, Jumei;Li, Guoqing
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • v.58 no.1
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    • pp.73-79
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    • 2020
  • Echinostoma revolutum is a zoonotic food-borne intestinal trematode that can cause intestinal bleeding, enteritis, and diarrhea in human and birds. To identify a suspected E. revolutum trematode from a red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) and to reveal the genetic characteristics of its mitochondrial (mt) genome, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and complete mt genome sequence of this trematode were amplified. The results identified the trematode as E. revolutum. Its entire mt genome sequence was 15,714 bp in length, including 12 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and one non-coding region (NCR), with 61.73% A+T base content and a significant AT preference. The length of the 22 tRNA genes ranged from 59 bp to 70 bp, and their secondary structure showed the typical cloverleaf and D-loop structure. The length of the large subunit of rRNA (rrnL) and the small subunit of rRNA (rrnS) gene was 1,011 bp and 742 bp, respectively. Phylogenetic trees showed that E. revolutum and E. miyagawai clustered together, belonging to Echinostomatidae with Hypoderaeum conoideum. This study may enrich the mitochondrial gene database of Echinostoma trematodes and provide valuable data for studying the molecular identification and phylogeny of some digenean trematodes.

Study of the Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy and Exchange Bias in [Pd/Co]5/FeMn Superlattices ([Pd/Co]5/FeMn 초격자 다층 박막구조에서 수직 자기이방성과 교환바이어스에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Ka-Eon;Choi, Hyeok-Cheol;You, Chun-Yeol
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 2012
  • We investigate the exchange bias effect in $[Pd/Co]_5$ superlattice structures which are representative system of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We fabricate Si/$[Pd/Co]_5$/FeMn structures, and study the exchange bias variations by measuring hysteresis loop variations with thickness of FeMn layer. In order to optimize the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, we fix the thickness of Pd with 1.1 nm and investigate the dependence of the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy on the ferromagnetic Co layer thickness. As results, we find that the biggest coercivity in 0.3 nm of Co layer without FeMn layer. The biggest exchange bias field is found for 0.3 nm of Co layer when we change the Co thickness with fixed FeMn thickness. When we vary thickness of FeMn layer, the biggest coercivity is found for 5 nm of FeMn layer. No exchange bias is observed when the FeMn layer is thinner than 3 nm, and the exchange bias field increases with FeMn layer thickness continuously up to 15 nm.

Microstructures and Magnetic Properties of Multiferroic BiFeO3 Thin Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Sputtering Method (RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링법으로 증착된 Multiferroic BiFeO3 박막의 미세구조 및 자기적 특성)

  • Song, Jong-Han;Nam, Joong-Hee;Kang, Dae-Sik;Cho, Jung-Ho;Kim, Byung-Ik;Choi, Duck-Kyun;Chun, Myoung-Pyo
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.222-227
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    • 2010
  • $BiFeO_3$ (BFO) thin films were deposited on Pt/Ti/$SiO_2$/Si(100) substrates by RF magnetron sputtering method at room temperature. The influence of the flow rate of $O_2$ gas on the preparation of $BiFeO_3$ thin films was studied. XRD results indicate that the $BiFeO_3$ thin films were crystallized to the perovskite structure with the presence of small amount of impurity phases. The flow rate of $O_2$ gas has great affect on the microstructures and magnetic properties of $BiFeO_3$ thin films. As flow rate of $O_2$ gas increased, roughness and grain size of the thin films increased. $BiFeO_3$ thin films exhibited weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. The PFM images revealed correlation between the surface morphology and the piezoresponse, indicating that the piezoelectric coefficient is related to microstructure.

FIRST ATLAS DOMESTIC STANDARD PROBLEM (DSP-01) FOR THE CODE ASSESSMENT

  • Kim, Yeon-Sik;Choi, Ki-Yong;Kang, Kyoung-Ho;Park, Hyun-Sik;Cho, Seok;Baek, Won-Pil;Kim, Kyung-Doo;Sim, Suk-K.;Lee, Eo-Hwak;Kim, Se-Yun;Kim, Joo-Sung;Choi, Tong-Soo;Kim, Cheol-Woo;Lee, Suk-Ho;Lee, Sang-Il;Lee, Keo-Hyoung
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.25-44
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    • 2011
  • KAERI has been operating an integral effect test facility, ATLAS (Advanced Thermal-Hydraulic Test Loop for Accident Simulation), for accident simulations of advanced PWRs. Regarding integral effect tests, a database for major design basis accidents has been accumulated and a Domestic Standard Problem (DSP) exercise using the ATLAS has been proposed and successfully performed. The ATLAS DSP aims at the effective utilization of an integral effect database obtained from the ATLAS, the establishment of a cooperative framework in the domestic nuclear industry, better understanding of thermal hydraulic phenomena, and an investigation of the potential limitations of the existing best-estimate safety analysis codes. For the first ATLAS DSP exercise (DSP-01), integral effect test data for a 100% DVI line break accident of the APR1400 was selected by considering its technical importance and by incorporating comments from participants. Twelve domestic organizations joined in this DSP-01 exercise. Finally, ten of these organizations submitted their calculation results. This ATLAS DSP-01 exercise progressed as an open calculation; the integral effect test data was delivered to the participants prior to the code calculations. The MARS-KS was favored by most participants but the RELAP5/MOD3.3 code was also used by a few participants. This paper presents all the information of the DSP-01 exercise as well as the comparison results between the calculations and the test data. Lessons learned from the first DSP-01 are presented and recommendations for code users as well as for developers are suggested.

Thermal Performance of a Heating Board with a Microencapsulated Myristic Acid (Myristic acid를 사용한 축열장판의 열성능 연구)

  • Kwak, H.Y.;Kang, Y.H.;Jeon, M.S.;Lee, T.K.;Lee, D.G.;Han, G.Y.
    • Solar Energy
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.177-183
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    • 1998
  • The thermal performance of a heating board with microencapsualted PCM was investigated and compared to conventional heating board. The employed PCM was the myristic acid $$ and was encapsulated by the multiple layers of PMMA and paraffin wax. The size of encapsulated PCM was $1{\sim}1.5mm$. Accoring to ANSI/ASHRAE test procedure, the close-loop test configuration was installed. Air was used as the heat transfer fluid and a calibrated orifice was employed for the measurement of air flow rates. The thermal performance test of two different heating boards(with 10 wt% PCM and without PCM) was conducted for different air flow rates and the heat transfer characteristics during cooling was compared. The test results showed that the surface temperature of heating board with 10 wt% PCM maintained higher during the cooling process than that of the heating board without PCM and experimentally determined heat transfer coefficient in heating board with PCM showed higher value compared to heating board without PCM.

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Structural basis of novel TRP14, thioredoxin-related protein that regulates TNE-$\alpha$ signaling pathways

  • Woo, Joo-Rang;Jeong, Woo-Jin;Rhee, Sue-Goo;Ryu, Seong-Eon
    • Proceedings of the Korea Crystallographic Association Conference
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    • 2003.05a
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    • pp.18-18
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    • 2003
  • Thioredoxin (Trx) is a small redox protein that is ubiquitously distributed from achaes to human. In diverse organisms, the protein is involved in various physiological roles by acting as electron donor and regulators of transcription and apoptosis as well as antioxidants. Sequences of Trx within various species are 27~69% identical to that of E. coli and all Trx proteins have the same overall fold, which consists of central five β strands surrounded by four α helices. The N-terminal cysteine in WCGPC motif of Trx is redox sensitive and the motif is highly conserved. Compared with general cysteine, the N-terminal cysteine has low pKa value. The result leads to increased reduction activity of protein. Recently, novel thio.edoxin-related protein (TRP14) was found from rat brain. TRP14 acts as disulfide reductase like Trx1, and its redox potential and pKa are similar to those of Trx1. However, TRP14 takes up electrons from cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1), not from the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR2). Biological roles of TES14 were reported to be involved in regulating TNF-α induced signaling pathways in different manner with Trx1. In depletion experiments, depletion of TRP14 increased TNF-α induced phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα more than the depletion Trx1 did. It also facilitated activation of JNK and p38 MAP kinase induced by TNF-α. Unlike Trx1, TRP14 shows neither interaction nor interference with ASK1. Here, we determined three-dimensional crystal structure of TRP14 by MAD method at 1.8Å. The structure reveals that the conserved cis-Pro (Pro90) and active site-W-C-X-X-C motif, which may be involved in substrate recognition similar to Trx1 , are located at the beginning position of strand β4 and helix α2, respectively. The TRP14 structure also shows that surface of TRP14 in the vicinity of the active site, which is surrounded by an extended flexible loop and an additional short a helix, is different from that of Trx1. In addition, the structure exhibits that TRP14 interact with a distinct target proteins compared with Trx1 and the binding may depend mainly on hydrophobic and charge interactions. Consequently, the structure supports biological data that the TRP14 is involved in regulating TNF-α induced signaling pathways in different manner with Trx1.

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The cholesterol Accumulation decreasing effect of Porpbyra yezoensis extract in kidney of Murine with hypercholesterolemia induced by Triton WR-1339 (Triton WR-1339에 의한 고콜레스테롤증 유발시 해조류 김 추출물의 신장내 콜레스테롤 축적 감소효과)

  • Park, In-Sick;Ahn, Sang-Hyun;Chang, Jae-Man;Kim, Jin-Tack;Kim, Ho-Hyun
    • The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 1998
  • Renal tissues of ICR mouse were intraperitoneally injeced with Porpbyra yezoensis extract(PE) after Triton WR-1339(TX) injection were observed to investigate the cholesterol accumulation decreasing effect of PE. The renal tissues were obtained at hour 24, 48, and 72 after TX injection that were fixed in fromol-calcium solution and were cryocut. The tissue stained by sudan black B for lipid and perchloric acid-naphthoquinone method for cholesterol. The parietal layer of Bowman's capsule is swelled as cuboidal type at hour 48 after TX injection and the lipid blot and cholesterol particle were noticeably increased in glomerulus and these appeared in convoluted tubule, collecting tubule, and Helen's loop. In PE treated group, the lpid blot and cholesterol particle were considerably decreased in glomerulus than TX group. As results indicated that the accumulation of lipid including cholesterol caused by TX injection were mitigated in renal tissues by the antihypercholesterolemia effect of PE.

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Functional Analysis of Fibroblastic Reticular Cells Derived from Mouse Lymph Node via Bidirectional Crosstalk with T Cells (T세포와 양방향 작용을 통한 마우스 림프절로부터 분리된 fibroblastic reticular cell의 기능적 분석)

  • Park, Sung Hee;Lee, Jong-Hwan
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.23 no.10
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    • pp.1199-1208
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    • 2013
  • Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) form the structural backbone of the T zone provide a guidance path for immigrating T cells in the lymph node (LN). FRCs may contribute directly to developing T-cell biology in the LN and allow analyses of fundamental aspects of FRC biology related to T cells. FRCs inhibited T-cell apoptosis, and FRC culture supernatants strongly induced the expression of Bcl-xL in T cells against doxorubicin. Coculture of FRC and T cells resulted in rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton, as well as global changes in the morphology of the FRCs. In addition, when cocultured, the T cells adhered to the FRC monolayer, and the membrane intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 was slightly increased by day-dependent manner. In contrast, the expression of soluble ICAM-1 was dramatically increased in a day-dependent manner. Several chemokines, such as CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL5, CXCL16, CCL8, CXCL13, and ICAM-1, and MMPs were expressed in FRCs sensed by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) families. Nuclear factor kappa B ($NF{\kappa}B$)-RelA of the $NF{\kappa}B$ canonical pathway was translocated into FRC nuclear by $TNF{\alpha}$. In contrast, p52 proteolyzed from p100, a counterpart of RelB of the noncanonical $NF{\kappa}B$ pathway, accumulated in the peripheral FRC nucleus by agonistic anti-$LT{\beta}R$ antibody. In summary, we propose a model in which FRCs engage in bidirectional crosstalk to increase the efficiency of T-cell biology. This cooperative feedback loop may help to maintain tissue integrity and function during immune responses.

밀배아 분말첨가가 식빵의 품질특성에 미치는 영향

  • 김래영;전순실;서재수
    • Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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    • 2000.12a
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    • pp.51-51
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    • 2000
  • 식생활의 서구화로 제빵 산업이 발달하고, 빵을 주식으로 하는 인구가 늘고 있다 또한 기존의 재료보다는 기능성이 첨가된 부재료를 활용한 건강 지향적인 식품의 수요가 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 최근 밀배아의 용도 다양화를 위하여 팔은 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 상업적으로 이용되고 있다. 소맥의 제분과정에서 부산물로 얻어지는 밀배에는 식물 중에서 가장 많은 천연 비타민 E 복합체가 이상적인 상태로 함유되어 있다. 밀배아에 들어 있는 비타민 E는 천연 비타민 E 복합체와 합성 비타민 E로 구분되어진다. 천연비타민E는 8가지 이성체를 가진 자연 비타민 E를 말하며, 4종류의($\alpha$$\beta$${\gamma}$$\delta$)의 토코페롤과 4종의 토코페롤의 복합체이다. 비타민 E는 사람을 포함한 고등동물에 필수적인 영양소로 식물성기름, 곡류, 배아 등에 많이 들어 있으며, 여러 이성질체중 $\alpha$-토코페롤이 체내에서 가장 생물학적 활성이 큰 것으로 알려졌으며, 생체막조직에서 인지질의 천연항산화제 역할을 하여 체내대사를 정상으로 유지하는데 큰 기능을 하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 우리나라에서 식용으로 소비되는 밀은 거의가 수입에 의존하고 있으며, 밀배아는 거의 전량이 가축의 사료용으로 사용되고 있고 근래에 와서는 배아유, 배아떡, 복합 조미료, 쿠키, 배아를 첨가한 국수 등에 이용되고 있다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 식빵제조시 밀배아 분말을 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10%씩 첨가하여 기능성 식빵을 제조하였을 때의 반죽의 물성, 호화특성을 살펴보고 빵으로 제조하였을 때의 식빵의 품질 특성으로서 1차 발효 손실률, 굽기 손실률, 부피, 질감, 노화도, 관능적 특성 및 mould-free shelf life를 측정하였다.te, ferric citrate가 유제품에 사용하기에 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 생이용성을 평가하기 위하여 우유에서 low molecular weight components(ILC)를 분리하고 철분과 복합체를 형성시킨 다음, 철분 결핍된 쥐의 소장에서 loop을 형성시켜 ILC-철분 복합체를 injection하여 철분 흡수도를 조사하였다. Ferrous lactate 100ppm에서 약 25.6%흡수되었고 ferric citrate 100ppm은 24.7%, ferrous sulfate는 19.7%흡수되었다. ILC를 첨가하지 않은 100ppm 철분염 용액은 ferrous sulfate를 제외하고는 흡수도가 감소되었다. 철분 결핍된 쥐에게 gavage 방법에 의하여 철분강화우유를 투여하였을 때 철분 25ppm 시료에서는 ferrous sulfate가 12.5%로 가장 높았고 ferrous lactate는 8.1%, ferric citrate는 6.5% 흡수되었다. 철분 100ppm수준에서는 흡수율이 낮아져 ferrous sulfate는 25ppm 시료보다 절반이하 수준이었다. Ferric citrate는 차이가 거의 없었으며 ferrous lactate는 70%수준이었다. 이상의 결과에서 철분강화우유에 사용하기 적합한 철분염은 ferrous lactate, ferric citrate였는데 특히 ferrous lactate는 제품의 이화학적 품질, 생이용성 측면 모두에서 가장 좋은 것으로 나타났다.다 높았으며, 1회당 평균 8.1$\pm$5.1개의 난포란을 회수하였다. investigation can be separated into sampling and analytical uncertainties, it can be used as a criterion where the resources for the inves

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A New PMU (parametric measurement unit) Design with Differential Difference Amplifier (차동 차이 증폭기를 이용한 새로운 파라메터 측정기 (PMU) 설계)

  • An, Kyung-Chan;Kang, Hee-Jin;Park, Chang-Bum;Lim, Shin-Il
    • Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.61-70
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    • 2016
  • This paper describes a new PMU(parametric measurement unit) design technique for automatic test equipment(ATE). Only one DDA(differential difference amplifier) is used to force the test signals to DUT(device under test), while conventional design uses two or more amplifiers to force test signals. Since the proposed technique does not need extra amplifiers in feedback path, the proposed PMU inherently guarantees stable operation. Moreover, to measure the response signals from DUT, proposed technique also adopted only one DDA amplifier as an IA(instrument amplifier), while conventional IA uses 3 amplifiers and several resistors. The DDA adopted two rail-to-rail differential input stages to handle full-range differential signals. Gain enhancement technique is used in folded-cascode type DDA to get open loop gain of 100 dB. Proposed PMU design enables accurate and stable operation with smaller hardware and lower power consumption. This PMU is implemented with 0.18 um CMOS process and supply voltage is 1.8 V. Input ranges for each force mode are 0.25~1.55 V at voltage force and 0.9~0.935 V at current force mode.