• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.314-325
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• 1991

To compare the hypolipidemic effects of n6 and n3 PUFA at different fat levels, male Sprague Dawley rats were fed either low fat (LF, 10% Cal) or high fat (HF, 40% Cal) diet which was different only in fatty acid composition for 6 weeks. Dietary fats were beef tallow, corn oil, perilla oil, and fish oil concentrate as a source of saturated fatty acid, n6 linoleic acid(LA). n3 ${\alpha}-linolenic$ acid(LL) and n3 eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)+docosahexaenoic acid(DHA), respectively. VLDL fraction was separated by ultracentrifugation and chemical composition was determined by thin layer chromatography. Plasma cholesterol level was increased by n6 LA but decreased by n3 LL and n3 EPA in LF and HF diets, and the hypocholesterolemic effect of n3 EPA was most significant in HF diet. HDL-Chol level was raised by n6 LA in LF and HF diets, but significantly reduced by n3 EPA in HF. Plasma TG level was reduced by n6 LA n3 LL and EPA in LF and HF with the reduction of lipogenic enzyme activity only by n3 PUFAs. The proportion of TG in VLDL fraction was significantly lowered by n3 EPA in LF and HF. The proportion of apo-B in VLDL fraction was not changed in LF, but was significantly decreased in HF by n3 EPA. Therefore, the hypotriglyceridemic effect of n3 PUFA could be from the reduced lipogenesis in liver and resulted in the depressed secretion of TG as VLDL in LF and HF with significant lower production of apoB in HF diet.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 1990

Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed the diet of p/s 4.0(soybean oil : I), p/s 0.08(Beef tallow : II) at the level of 15% fat until 8 weeks after weaning. I & II groups were divided into 4 sub-groups by diets with or without 0.3% butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT). 2-AAF was injected at the age of $5_{1/2}$, 6, $5_{1/2}$, 7 weeks. MFO system enzyme(cytochrome p-450, cytochrome p-450 reductase, cytochrome b5) activities and lipid peroxide were determined from isolated liver microsome. 2-AAF injected young rats had growth retardatiion. Lipid peroxide values were not influenced greatly by dietary fat, 2-AAF and BHT. Cytochrome p-450 contents were increased in I-BHT-AAF & II-AAF groups by 2-AAF and its contents were not affected by BHT. But cytochrome p-450 and cytochrome p-450 reductase were not increased in soybean oil diet ybean oil groups. Cytochrome b5 was not influenced by dietary fat, 2-AAF and BHT. Cytochrome p-450 and lipid peroxide, cytochrome p-450 reductase and cytochrome b5, which transfer to MFO system, appeared to have positive correlations(r=0.2474, r=0.2475, p<0.05) each other. This result suggests that MFO system metabolizing 2-AAF was influenced by dietary fats and BHT. 2-AAF induced growth retardation in young rats.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.961-967
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• 2004

The development of an antibody labeling method with $^{99m}$Tc is important for cancer imaging. Most bifunctional chelate methods for $^{99m}$Tc labeling of antibody incorporate a $^{99m}$Tc chelator through a linkage to lysine residue. In the present study, a novel site-specific $^{99m}$Tc labeling method at carbohydrate side chain in the Fc region of 2 antibodies (T101 and rabbit anti-human serum albumin antibody (RPAb)) using dihydrazinophthalazine (DHZ) which has 2 hydrazino groups was developed. The antibodies were oxidized with sodium periodate to pro-duce aldehyde on the Fc region. Then, one hydrazine group of DHZ was conjugated with an aldehyde group of antibody through the formation of a hydrazone. The other hydrazine group was used for labeling with $^{99m}$Tc. The number of conjugated DHZ was 1.7 per antibody. $^{99m}$Tc labeling efficiency was 46-85％ for T101 and 67∼87％ for RPAb. Indirect labeling with DHZ conjugated antibodies showed higher stability than direct labeling with reduced antibodies. High immunoreactivities were conserved for both indirectly and directly labeled antibodies. A biodistribution study found high blood activity related to directly labeled T1 01 at early time point as well as low liver activity due to indirectly labeled T101 at later time point. However, these findings do not affect practical use. No significantly different biodistribution was observed in the other organs. The research concluded that DHZ can be used as a site-specific bifunctional chelating agent for labeling antibody with $^{99m}$Tc. Moreover, $^{99m}$Tc labeled antibody via DHZ was found to have excellent chemical and biological properties for nuclear medicine imaging.edicine imaging.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

The Artemisia capillaris THUNB is a perennial herb that belongs to the family Compositae spp and probably the most common plant among the various herbal folk remedies being used in the treatment of abdominal pain, hepatitis, chronic liver disease, jaundice and coughing in Korea. Recently the biological and pharmacological actions of herb have been studied well such as antibacterial, antidiabetic and antitumor activities. This experiment was conducted to investigate antitumor and immunomodulatory effects of Artemisia capillaris extracts against Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180 cancer cells in in vivo experimental tests. In in vivo experimental tests using 210 ICR mice, based on flow cytometry, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and TNF-${\alpha}+$ splenocytes were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180 inoculated vehicle controls, HP and SP, compared to those of the intact vehicle control on both the $28^{th}$ day and the $42^{nd}$ day, respectively. These decreases of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and TNF-${\alpha}+$ cells induced by tumor inoculations were significantly (p<0.05) inhibited by mACH treatment regardless of the type of experiments and tumor cells inoculated. The results suggest that Artemisia capillaris methanol extracts have prominent antitumor effects on the cancer cell lines Hepa-1c1c7 and Sarcoma 180.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.317-331
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• 1990

Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from Fasciola spp, Eurytrema pancreaticum and Calicophoron calicophorum occurred Korean cattle were egamined using modified air-drying method. To compare their phenotype with three different genotypes among Fasciola spp, the adult and egg si2e were measured since they have been known as important taxonomical characters. The results obtained were as followed; Cattle liver fluke, Fasciola spp were classified into three types based on their chromosomal complements such as individual with 2o chromosome(diploid), 30 chromosome(triploid) and 20/30 mosaic constitution(mixoploid). The propotions of appearance of three types were 40.00%, 54.29% and 5.71%, respectively. The frequency of three types in type I which was regarded as F gigantica were 58.82% for diploid, 35.29% for triploid and 5.88% for mixoploid, but in type II which was regarded as F hepatica were 72.2% for triploid, 22.22% for diploid and 5.56% for mixoploid. Egg length of triploid forms was significantly larger than that of diploid forms and egg size of mixoploid forms was similiar to that of triploid forms. Worm size of triploid forms was larger than that of diploid forms and was more similar to that of mixoploid forms, but the statistical data were not significant. Diploid chromosome consisted of one pair of metacentric chromosome(m), four pairs of submetacentric chromosomes(sm), five pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes(st), while triploid chromosome consisted of one pair of metacentric chromosome, seven pairs of submetacen.tric chromosomes, one pair of subtelocentric chromosome and telocentric chromosome(t), respectively. In mixoploid chromosome, constitution of the chromosomes of diploid or triploid cell was consistent with that of diploid or triploid. Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from pancreatic fluke, Eurytrema pancreaticum consisted of 13 pairs of homologs(2n=26, n=13). The mitotic and meiotic divisions were observed frequently. In the mitotic metaphase, Karyotype consisted of five pairs of metacentric chromosomes, four pairs of submetacentric chromosomes, three pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes and one pair of telocentric chromosome. Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from stomach fluke, Calicvphoron calicophorum consisted of 9 pairs of homologs(2n=18, n=9). The meiotic divisions was frequently observed, but mitotic divisions was rare. In the mitotic metaphase, Karyotype consisted of two pairs of metacentric chromosomes, three pairs of submetacentric chromosomes and four pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. Karyotype of Calicophoron calicophorum differed from that of Japanese C calicophorum which was similar to that of Paramphistomum cervi of Korean cattle. Though that of Calicophoron calicophorum of Korean cattle was similar to that of Paramphistomum explanatum of Korean cattle, that have been recognized to be a different species of fluke.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.102-102
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• 2018

Protaetia Brevitarsis Seulensis(white grub) has been traditionally used as medicinal stuff to treat blood stasis, occlusion of menstruation, tetanus and liver cancer in Asian countries (Korea, Japan, China, Taiwan, India and Myanmar). Especially, Donguibogam, which is traditional korean medicinal book, described the white grub as traditional medicine to treat hepatic diseases and vascular disorders. The white grub has been considered as highly nutritional food. The major constituents of white grub are rich in protein, healthy fats, iron, calcium. Recent studies announced that white grub has hepatoprotective effect and anti-microbacterial effect. However, the immuno-enhancing effect of white grub extracts in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells has not been studied yet. In this study, the various concentrations of white grub extract were examined to find immuno-enhancing effects on RAW 264.7 cells. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT assay and immuno-enhancing effect of white grub extract was investigated by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production compared with only lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. White grub extracts (0.001 - 10 mg/ml) did not show cytotoxicity. Additionally, white grub extracts (0.001 - 1mg/ml) had Immuno-enhancing effect on RAW 264.7 cells compared with only LPS treated group. These results might be provided proof to develop beneficial immuno-enhancing material for human health.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1265-1270
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• 2009

The mushroom, Sarcodon aspratus was tested for its possibility of being a health food against corpulence. The mushroom powder was fed to rats with high-fat diet-induced corpulence for 6 weeks. To measure its effects, various factors such as obesity index, serum lipid, and organ weight were analyzed and compared. The group fed a high-fat diet showed a significant increase in the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in serum. However, this increase was not shown in the group fed mushroom powder. The R$\ddot{o}$hrer index (one of many obesity indexes) was higher in the group fed a high-fat diet compared to that of control group. However, there was a significant decrease in the R$\ddot{o}$hrer index in the group fed with mushroom powder. Especially, the increased ratio of liver to body weight was observed in the group fed a high-fat diet compared to the control group. These results suggest that the significant changes in obesity index and organ weight in the group fed with mushroom powder are due to the decreased level of serum triglyceride. Thus, there is a possibility for Sarcodan aspratus to become a heath food that can prevent diseases related to corpulence.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.239-242
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• 2008

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is an uncommon disease that's caused by aspirating lipid formulations. Squalene, obtained from shark liver oil, is one of the causative agent and this is commonly used by some Koreans as a health promoting medication. We report here on a case of exogenous lipoid pneumonia that developed after ingestion of squalene capsules. The case showed milky BAL fluid and multiple pulmonary consolidations.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2011

For the development of functional food and cosmetics using hot water extract of Muraenesox cinereus's skin, contents of vitamin, amino acid and element, and antioxidant activity were investigated. The results are shown as follows: among vitamins, A(0.21mg/100 g), C (78.12mg/100 g), $D_3$ (0.03 mg/100 g), E (1.97 mg/100 g) and Niacin (2.53mg/100 g) were detected, respectively.Mineral contents were an order of K > P > Na > Mg > Ca > Fe and Zn. Contents of total amino acids were an order of Pro > Gly > Arg > Glu > Phe > Ala. Especially, the sum of total amino acids was 27.17 mg/100 mL, which was about 4.0 fold higher than that of free amino acid. DPPH radical scavenging activity of hot water extract of M. cinereus's skin at 25 mg/mL was 63.5% and did not increase at above 50 mg/mL. Activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver of ethanol-treated rats using hot water extract of M. cinereus's skin were investigated. Compared to control group, activities of ADH and GSH-px were decreased. In the case of CAT and SOD activity, they were increased. These results showed that the hot water extract of M. cinereus's skin can be applied to raw macterial for functional food and cosmetics.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.332-336
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• 2012

Purpose: The third molar extraction is one of the mostly performed procedures in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. In most of dental clinic or hospital, the third molar extraction used to be frequently performed in an office-based surgery, and most patients did not have specific medical history with young ages. Medical history taking are dependent on the only way by asking to the patients about their individual conditions. Therefore, as the specialists of the oral and maxillofacial surgery in the field of dentistry, we suggest a new policy that the preoperative lab must be performed routinely before extraction of the third molar. Methods: This study is based on 1,096 patients who have been managed with third molar extractions, from March 2008 to September 2011 by a single surgeon. The preoperative lab, including complete blood count, coagulation panel, chemistry and serology, was performed before any surgical procedures. The results were informed to the patients regardless of their abnormalities, and any abnormalities related to the surgical procedures, such as platelet count and coagulation factors, were checked and corrected safely. Results: Through the preoperative blood test, systemic diseases that the patients had not recognized before, such as anemia, leukopenia, fatty liver and chronic renal disease, were identified. Patients with acute or chronic leukemia, Hepatitis B, and HIV positive, were also detected as a small number. Also, the possibilities of the cross-infection between dentists and patients or between patients and patients, and any other emergency situations can be prevented; as well as the public health condition can be improved, too. The patients were satisfied with low cost preventive blood test and high quality of medical services. Conclusion: Therefore, routine medical lab testing, including history taking are needed before an office-based minor surgery, such as third molar extractions, and these results were suggested as a new policy in the field of dentistry.