• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.28-39
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• 2004

본 연구는 강원도 내 자연휴양림의 프로그램의 현황을 파악하여 향후 자연휴양림의 발전 방향을 모색하고자 실시하였다. 2003년 현재 강원도는 19개소의 자연휴양림(국유림 11 개소, 공유림 4개소, 사유림 4개소)을 조성 운영하고 있으며, 현행 시행되고 있는 프로그램으로는 숲해설, 산악자전거, 산악 마라톤, 산악스키, 숲속 음악회, 숲교실 등이 시행되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 강원도 자연휴양림 프로그램의 새로운 방향을 위해서 문화 복지 교육 프로그램을 축으로 하여 발전 방향을 모색하였다. 문화 프로그램으로는 "전통가옥체험 프로그램", "오지체험 프로그램", "산촌 특산물 프로그램"을 구상하였으며, 복지 프로그램은 "노인복지프로그램"과 "장애인 복지 프로그램"을, 교육프로그램으로는 "숲속의 지구촌 교류" 프로그램 조성과 "인성교육 프로그램"을 제시하였다. 앞으로 주 5일 근무제 도입으로 휴양수요가 대폭적으로 증가할 것으로 예상되므로 관광 강원도의 이미지를 부각시키기 위해서 자연휴양림의 지속적인 관심과 다양한 프로그램 개발이 더욱 증진되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-71
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• 2007

While a concept on biotop or the urgency of its classification systems have been under discussion recently, this study aims to examine outdoor biotop classification systems for environment-friendly community. To this end, the feasibility of creating a biotop in the community and application elements were generated and biotops were classified and categorized. Then, elements that can be applied in consideration of traditional Korean techniques were generated and biotop classification systems and specific components in residential areas were reviewed. As for the result of this study, based on a preliminary draft prepared through literature review, considerations for biotop classification systems were taken into account. Then, based on classification criteria for biotop formats, biotop functions and biotop types, a second-tier classification system was developed. Criteria for biotop formats included surfaces, lines and points while criteria for biotop functions were large cores, small bases, corridors, stepping stones and ecological islands. Criteria for habitat types were divided to include natural forest, developed green areas, lacustrine wetland, palustrine wetland, shrubs, grasslands, linear habitats, vacant plots and practical green areas, which were sub-categorized. As for the biotop classification system, macro-classification divided biotops into three types-space, line and point-based on biotop formats. Meso-classification had five groups and micro-classification had 21 groups based on habitat types. Future studies should focus on the ecological features of each biotop categories generated in this study and their creation and management techniques to find many practical methods to create, protect and manage outdoor biotop for environment-friendly community.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2007

The Baekdudaegan Mountain Range is a backbone of the Korean Peninsula which carries special spiritual and sentimental signatures for Koreans as well as significant ecological values for diverse organisms. However, in spite of importance of this region, the forests of Baekdudaegan have been damaged in a variety of human activities by being used as highland vegetable grower, lumber region, grass land, and bare land, and are still undergoing destruction. The existing researches had determined the details of the damage through on-site and recent observations. Such methods cannot provide quantitative and integrated analysis therefore could not be utilized as objective data for the ecological conservation of Baekdudaegan forests. The goal of this study is to quantitatively analyze the forest damage in the Baekdudaegan preservation region through land cover categorization and change detection techniques by using satellite images, which are 1980s, and 1990s Landsat TM, and 2000s Landsat ETM+. The analysis was executed by detecting land cover changed areas from forest to others and analyzing changed areas' spatial patterns. Through the change detection analysis based on land cover classification, we found out that the deforested areas were approximately three times larger after the 1990s than from the 1980s to the 1990s. These areas were related to various topographical and spatial elements, altitude, slope, the distance form road, and water system, etc. This study has the significance as quantitative and integrated analysis about the Baekdudaegan preservation region since 1980s. These results could actually be utilized as basic data for forest conservation policies and the management of the Baekdudaegan preservation region.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2012

To elucidate the role of silicon in biotic stress such as pests and diseases, standard chrysanthemum was grown in pots filled with soil without application of pesticide and fungicide. Si treatment was largely composed of three groups: $K_2SiO_3$ (50, 100, and $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$), three brands of silicate fertilizer (SiF1, SiF2, and SiF3) and tap water as a control. Si sources were constantly drenched into pots for 14 weeks. Application high concentration $K_2SiO_3$ ($200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) and three commercial Si fertilizers for 14 weeks improved growth parameters such as plant height and the number of leaves. In the assessment of disease after 4 weeks of Si treatment, percentage of infected leaves was not significantly different from that of control. After 14 weeks of Si treatment, however, the infected leaves were significantly reduced with a 20-50% decrease in high concentration ($200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) of potassium silicate and all commercial silicate fertilizers. Colonies of aphid insect (Macrosiphoniellas anborni) were also reduced in Si-treated chrysanthemum, showing 40-57% lower than those of control plants. Accumulation of silicon (approximately $5.4-7.1mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dry weight) in shoots of the plants was higher in Si-supplemented chrysanthemum compared to control plants ($3.3mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dry weight). These results indicate that using potassium silicate or silicate fertilizer may be a useful for management of disease and aphid insect in soil-cultivated chrysanthemum.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.253-269
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• 1997

본 연구는 도시내 친자연공간에서 자연관찰시설의 설치 및 운영에 관한것으로서 일본 관동지방을 대상으로 하였다. 중요한 자연관찰시설은 비지터센터, 자연관찰로 그리고 자연관찰로 상에 설치된 각종 해설시설이었다. 또한, 친자연공간에서는 자연을 이해하고 체험하게 하는 인터프리테이션이 다양한 유형으로 전개되고 있었다. 인터프리테이션은 레인져, 자연해설원 등 전문가와 자원봉사자들에 의해 이루어지고 있었으며, 자원봉사조직이 있는 대상지에서 자연해설 종류가 다양하였다. 자원봉사자들의 주요활동은 자연해설 이외에도 환경관리와 조사, 소식지 발간이었다. 친자연공간의 셀프가이드룰 위한 학습매체는 2~4종류이었고 홍보방법은 도, 시, 구의 홍보가 가장 많았으며, 인터넷 홈페이지, 지역 전자게시판, 케이블 TV와 Fax를 이용하는 사례도 있었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2017

This study investigated in the vascular plants of special protection zones (the native land of Berchemia berchemiaefolia in Sadam-ri and Gallon valley) of Songnisan National Park and identified the whole vascular plants. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 273 taxa including 82 families, 182 genera, 236 species, 3 subspecies, 28 varieties and 6 forms. Woody plants were identified as 124 taxa (45.4%) and herbaceous plants as 149 taxa (54.6%). A total of 107 taxa were identified in the area of Sadam-ri, and 246 taxa were found in the Gallon valley. A total of 8 taxa of rare plants were identified, each of which was divided into 1 taxa of endangered (EN; Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana), 3 taxa of vulnerable (VU; Paeonia japonica, Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Iris minutiaurea), 3 taxa of least concern (LC; Aristolochia contorta, Syringa patula var. kamibayshii and Goodyera schlechtendaliana) and 1 taxa of data deficient (DD; Alangium platanifolium). The Korean endemic plants were 9 taxa (Clematis trichotoma, Thalictrum actaefolium var. brevistylum, Aster koraiensis, Cirsium setidens, etc.). In the specific plants by floristic region were 34 taxa, a degree I were 17 taxa (Chloranthus japonicus, Celastrus stephanotifolius, etc.), 9 taxa of a degree II (Euonymus pauciflorus, Acer triflorum, etc.), 4 taxa of a degree III (Aconitum longecassidatum, Angelica gigas, etc.), 2 taxa of a degree IV (Ulmus macrocarpa and Daphne pseudomezereum var. koreana), 2 taxa of a degree V (Berchemia berchemiaefolia and Alangium platanifolium). The naturalized plants were 5 taxa including Fallopia dumetorum, Trifolium repens, Ailanthus altissima, Oenothera biennis, Erigeron annuus. Naturalization rate (NR) was 1.8% of all 273 taxa of vascular plants and the invasive alien plants were not found. The purpose of this study is to identify the flora that grows in the special protection zones of Songnisan National Park and provide the basic data for the management of the special protection zone in the future.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2018

Objectives: Scientific verification for health effects has been constantly demanded through the forest healing factors. In this study, phytoncide concentration which is one of the forest healing factors, was investigated according to stand density, season and visiting time, and analyzed correlation with micrometeorology factors. Methods: Total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) and Natural volatile organic compounds (NVOCs) were collected using a measuring instrument which is connected to an air pump with the Tenax TA tube. The 32NVOCs were selected through the detailed criteria of adequacy assessment for recreational forest. The statistical analysis (correlation and stepwise regression analysis) was conducted between phytoncide concentration and micrometeorology factors. Results: NVOCs concentration linearly increased according to stand density. The high level showed in the summer (p<0.05), and there is no significant difference according to visiting hours of the Healing forest. NVOCs is a negative correlation with solar radiation, PAR and wind direction, and a positive correlation with relative humidity and temperature (p<0.01). NVOCs increased following the increase of humidity and temperature ($R^2=0.55$). Conclusions: Phytoncide linearly increased according to stand density, and showed the correlation significantly with microclimate factors. In future, these results will be utilized as a basic material to promote the generation of phytoncide, which positively influences human health promotion and manage the forest welfare space.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

This study is one of the processes to build the artificial wetlands in the urban area. The purpose of this study was to survey biotic or physical environments, and to review modelling techniques to find out the ecological structure and function. Case study site was the Bangdong wetland in the north west side of Taejon metropolitan city. The number of species of insects decreased during monitoring. But the number of individuals of insects decreased abruptly after increasing. And then biodiversity index dropped and dominance index increased. So the structure of biotopes was affected by weather conditions. And in the restricted area such as urban area, the changes of insects were affected sensitively by not physical but environmental changes. As for birds, the number of species was reduced a little, but the number of individuals increased abruptly. And dominance index increased slowly. The changes of water depth and increase of temperature affected the habitat condition of vegetations and birds, so the dominance index of specific species increased. In urban areas it is necessary to continue management for water environmental changes, such as the depth and area of water. The number of species of fishes was reduced a little, but the number of individuals increased abruptly. And dominance index and biodiversity index decreased slowly. But the water environments was so changeable that it is difficult to explain current status as some specific trends. The number of species of reptiles and amphibians changed little, but the number of individuals increased abruptly. And dominance and biodiversity were not changed. The changes of water depth and temperature affected the habitat of every species the environmental changes affected.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2016

This study aims to understand the relationship between visitors and the degradation of natural resources in Bukhansan national park. We analyzed the trend of the number of visitors, destruction of natural resources and decrease of biodiversity per year. We further compared three types of trails, heavily-used trails and rarely-used trails and a trail with limited access, regarding the degree of destruction in the National Park through a field survey. Our result showed that increasing number of visitors had direct and indirect impact on the destruction of natural resources in the National Park. The direct impact came from visitors' excessive use of trails. Naturally, increasing number of visitors caused an immoderate use of natural resources. Physical degradation such as exposure of tree root, poor drainage of trails, trail erosion was more severe than other types of trails. Decreasing biodiversity or mild disturbance around trails is the indirect impact such as broken bough, worn-bark in rarely-used trails. Destruction scale greatly increased as the number of visitors increased. Real-named reservation system helped to prevent trails from degradation. Our result calls for the need of controlling the number of visitors to Bukhansan National Park to mitigate the degradation. We recommend dispersing visitors from the heavily-used trails to other trails and implementing real-named reservation system in the rarely-used trails for the effective management of the national park.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.63-74
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• 2013

This study suggests that some of the negative arguments related to naturalized plants raised in academic discussions are unreasonable through an analysis of trends in the academia's research on naturalized plants in South Korea. A total of 117 academic papers related to "naturalized plants" on the Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS) website were re-classified by space, the number of vascular plant species, the number of naturalized plant species, naturalization index (NI), and urbanization index (UI). Correlation between human interference and naturalized plant distribution, and between sizes of conservation areas and naturalized plant distribution were analyzed. According to the results, while there was a tendency between urban population and UI ($r^2$ = 0.70, p = .000), the number of visitors in national parks had no relation to either the NI or the UI (r = 0.028 and r = 0.013, respectively). Likewise, there was no correlation between national parks or conservation areas and naturalized plant distribution (r = 0.014, r = 0.17, respectively). The average NI and the UI of forest areas were approximately twice as low as those of national parks. In estimated regression equation, when one hypothesizes that the entire 4,952 taxa of plants growing in South Korea, the number of naturalized plants, combining paleo-naturalized plants and neo-naturalized plants, amounted to 2,398 taxa, 48.43%. In the academia, Korean Endemic Plants are less than one quarter of 4,952 taxa. Such results signify that, contrary to discussions in the academia, it is meaningless to distinguish between naturalized plants and native plants. In certain aspects, academic discussions on naturalized plants in Korea have proceeded in a manner similar to cultural exclusion by mono-culturalism in a multi-cultural environment.