• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2004

XML can describe a wide range of data, from regular to irregular and from flat to deeply nested. Thus, XML is rapidly emerging as the do facto standard for the Web document format since XML supports an efficient data exchange and integration. Also, to retrieve the data represented by XML, several XML query languages are proposed. XML query languages such as XPath and XQuery use path expressions to traverse irregularly structured data which comprise B% elements. To evaluate path expressions, various path indexes are proposed. However, traditional path indexes are constructed by utilizing only the XML data structure. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an adaptive path index which utilizes the XML data structure as well as query workloads. To improve the query performance, the adaptive path index proposed by this paper manages the frequently used paths and the structural summary of the XML data using a hash tree and a graph structure. Experimental results show that the adaptive path index improves the query performance typically 2 to 69 times compared with the existing indexes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.466-469
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• 2006

Nowadays, we make an attempt for media conversion from old to new media, carrying out to information society. These changes to new media are considered as new threat to printing media. New means such as CAD(Computer Aided Publishing), on-line novel and webzine can be regarded as new media and we are confronted with need of new changes in the field of printing media because of the trend of the present. It suggests that the origin of commodity competitiveness depends on the ability of cultural Contents using design. Cultural commodity is considered as strategy concepts in the more specific and realistic aspect than in the aspect of industrialization. This study introduce the case of Cellpark Co.,Ltd. which has successfully developed commodity design of World-cup cultural contents as a creating tools of innovative value connecting existed design method based on printing media with new method. This study gave the case which created Blue Ocean market through new expression method of design, products protection of contents design by patent registration, and licensing which many design firms often overlook.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.109-118
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• 2003

This design is for the landscape of Busan Yeonje Post Office. The design requirements were: the preparation of an open space, the expression of regional identity, total design concept, and application of environmentally-friendly materials. The Busan Yeonje Post Office is not a just post office building but also a place for people including a communications center, rental offices, and a post office, facilities which require publicity, functionality, and symbolism. Therefore, this design reflected the design requirements, and considered the following to include the theme of "Pleasant messages and a pleasant post office with vitality and comfort. First, the open space was to be increased in the adjacent public vacant lot and street park by pulling back the construction line. In this way, the publicity, accessibility, and spatiality of the prepared open space were strengthened. Second, a sense of place for the landscape was expressed through the image of a wave representing Busan, a coastal town. Recognition of the space was strengthened, while regional identity and the concept of transmission of information were expressed. In addition, Citrus junos Sieb., representing 'Happy news' was Planted as a symbolic tree to denote a meaningful resting Place. Third, with respect to the design of reception facilities, considering the general purposes of the construction, post office stamps, envelopes, and postal delivery persons were portrayed on the walls, decorative walls, and environmental formations respectively The flooring was decorated with stamps and waves in keeping with of the total design concept. Fourth, to select environmentally-friendly materials, soil block and eco-grass block were introduced as major paving materials, and folk kinds of trees were included on site. According to the aforesaid plans, the researcher attempted to convert the public agency and office space characterized by feelings of dullness and rigidity into a soft and vivid outdoor space. It is expected that the location will be an open place in the downtown area and be recognized as a 'shared' space for citizens of Yeonje-gu.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.462-470
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• 2011

Retargetability is typically achieved by providing target machine information, ADL, as input. The ADL are used to specify processor and memory architectures and generate software toolkit including compiler, simulator, etc. Simulator are critical components of the exploration and software design toolkit for the system designer. They can be used to perform diverse tasks such as verifying the functionality and/or timing behavior of the system, and generating quantitative measurements(e.g., power energy consumption) which can be used to aid the design process. In this paper, we generate the energy consumption estimation simulator through ADL. For this goal, firstly, we describes the energy consumption estimation and monitoring informations on the ADL based on EXPRESSION. Secondly, we generate the energy estimation and monitoring simulation library and then constructs the simulator, RenergySim. Lastly, we represent the energy estimations results for MIPS R4000 ADL description. From this subjects, we contribute to the efficient architecture developments and prompt SDK generation through programmable experiments in the field of mobile software development.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.674-682
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• 2018

In the time of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, we endlessly cross between the virtual and the real in our daily routine. Information saving method has changed from physical to virtual and the contents of a digital device can be a method of showing one's identity. A digital device can be seen as a virtual version of a 'wuderkammer'. With this perspective, this study focuses on the changes that has occurred in our daily interaction, the process of thinking, perceiving, and understanding in the time of 'digital wunderkammer'. In order to discuss this matter, this study looks at the two art work series - 'Universal Addressability of Dumb Things' and 'UniAddDumThs' - by a British artist, Mark Leckey and analyzes the digital environment of today, its visual expression, and the characteristic of 'digital wunderkammer' reflected in his art works. Through this study, we hope that the readers can understand the paradigm shift of today and expand the creative possibilities in this new era of digital revolution.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.47-79
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• 1995

Since the early age of computer graphics, facial animation has been applied to various fields, and nowadays it has found several novel applications such as virtual reality(for representing virtual agents), teleconference, and man-machine interface.When we want to apply facial animation to the system with multiple participants connected via network, it is hard to animate facial expression as we desire in real-time because of the size of information to maintain an efficient communication.This paper's major contribution is to adapt 'Level-of-Detail'to the facial animation in order to solve the above problem.Level-of-Detail has been studied in the field of computer graphics to reperesent the appearance of complicated objects in efficient and adaptive way, but until now no attempt has mode in the field of facial animation. In this paper, we present a systematic scheme which enables this kind of adaptive control using Level-of-Detail.The implemented system can generate speech synchronized facial expressions with various types of user input such as text, voice, GUI, head motion, etc.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.18D no.2
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• pp.89-100
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• 2011

The CNV (Copy Number Variation) which is one of the genetic structural variations in human genome is closely related with the function of gene. In particular, the genome-wide association studies for genetic diseased persons have been researched. However, there have been few studies which infer the genetic function of CNV with normal human. In this paper, we propose the analysis method to reveal the functional relationship between common CNV and genes without considering their genomic loci. To achieve that, we propose the data integration method for heterogeneity biological data and novel measurement which can calculate the correlation between common CNV and genes. To verify the significance of proposed method, we has experimented several verification tests with GO database. The result showed that the novel measurement had enough significance compared with random test and the proposed method could systematically produce the candidates of genetic function which have strong correlation with common CNV.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.24-31
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• 2020

In non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), the degraded performance of the weaker channel gain user is a problem. In this paper, we propose the asymmetric binary pulse amplitude modulation (2PAM), to improve the bit-error rate (BER) performance of the weaker channel user in NOMA with the tolerable BER loss of the stronger channel user. First, we design the asymmetric 2PAM, calculate the total allocated power, and derive the closed-form expression for the BER of the proposed scheme. Then it is shown that the BER of the weaker channel user improves, with the small BER loss of the stronger channel user. The superiority of the proposed scheme is also validated by demonstating that the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain of the weaker channel user is about 10 dB, with the SNR loss of 3 dB of the stronger channel user. In result, the asymmetric 2PAM could be considered in NOMA of 5G systems. As a direction of the future research, it would be meaningful to analyze the achievable data rate for the propsed scheme.

• Water for future
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.215-222
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• 1996

An expression for the cross covariance of the logconductivity and the head in nonstationary porous formation is obtained. This cross covariance plays a key role in the inverse problem, i.e., in inferring the statistical characteristics of the conductivity field from head data. The nonstationary logconductivity is modeled as superposition of definite linear trend and stationary fluctuation and the hydraulic head in saturated aquifers is found through stochastic analysis of a steady, two-dimensional flow. The cross covariance with a Gaussian correlation function is investigated for two particular cases where the trend is either parallel or normal to the head gradient. The results show that cross covariances are stationary except along separation distances parallel to the mean flow direction for the case where the trend is parallel to head gradient. Also, unlike the stationary model, the cross covariance along distances normal to flow direction is non-zero. From these observations we conclude that when a trend in the conductivity field is suspected, this information must be incorporated in the analysis of groundwater flow and solute transjport.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.179-190
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• 2017

A terrestrial LiDAR survey was conducted and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) images were taken for target cultural properties to present the utilization measures of terrestrial LiDAR and UAV in three-dimensional modeling of cultural properties for the identification of the status and restoration of cultural properties. Then the accuracy of the point clouds generated through this process was compared, an overlap analysis of the 3D model was conducted, and a convergence model was created. According to the results, the modeling with terrestrial LiDAR is more appropriate for precise survey because 3D modeling for the detection of displacement and deformation of cultural properties requires an accuracy of mm units. And UAV model has limitation as the impossibility of detailed expression of parts with sharp unevenness such as cracks of bricks. However, it is found that the UAV model has a wide range of modeling and has the advantage of modeling of real cultural properties. Finally, the convergence model created in this study using the advantages of the terrestrial LiDAR model and the UAV model could be efficiently utilized for the basic data development of cultural properties.