• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.91-104
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to provide a qualitative investigation of the possibility that Waldorf education may help children in multicultural families to acclimate themselves to new surroundings in Korea. An educare institution that had adopted the Waldorf Program since 2005 was selected. The parents and teachers of 13 children with a multicultural background who had attended the educare institution were interviewed. The questions were focused on linguistic development, social relationships, and cultural identity in order to determine the differences and changes in the children before and after adaptation to the Waldorf Program. The summary of the results of this study is as follows. The Waldorf Program exerts a positive influence on linguistic development, the formulation of social relationships, and on the cultural identity of children from multicultural families.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.137-156
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• 2004

Altruistic virtuous caring, possibly originated from religion and/or spirituality, is indispensable for holistic health through channeling vital energy with diet, exercise and meditation. This is a participant-observed medical anthropological research of a first generation Korean elderly immigrant health professional woman living in a four generational family. She had hypertension and was concerned about possible attack of stroke. Multi-religious, spiritual, and cosmological vital energy based on holistic Nature-oriented health beliefs and practices influenced by psychosocial, cultural and economic background, education, self- discipline and self-cultivation of individual, and group or family may create health. Self-care beliefs based on confidence in self-control of one's life style for oneself and others influence individual and group health practice. The holistic alternative health beliefs and practices were proved to be efficacious and beneficial by her self-evaluation, evaluation of significant others, biomedical professionals, and laboratory tests. That may have potential application for global health.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.122-136
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• 1987

A group of studies revealed that family members of the seriously ill patient had some needs during the period of patient's hospitalization. Needs of the seriously-ill patient family could be classified into three aspect, i. e. needs on the prognosis of patient, needs on the well-being of family members themselves and needs on hospital environment. Several instrument were developed to measure the needs of the seriously ill patient, but their content tended to overemphasize the aspect of the prognosis of patient. The purpose of this study was to develop a new instrument to measure the needs in the aspect of the seriously ill patient's family themselves in details to increase the cummulative Percentage of the scale. Subjects were 134 family members of the seriously-ill patients, who were bung cared in ICU of seven university hospitals and data were collected from march 16, 1987 to April 11, 1987. The instrument used in this study was made by the author on the basis of results of literature review. Content valitity of the instrument was tested by a professor majoring in nursing and reliability by calculation of Cronbach's α with data of the respondents. Data was analyzed as follows, using SAS, computer system. Factor structures of the seriously ill patients' family needs were elicited by factor analysis. The programme was the Principal Component Factor Analysis Method of factoring employing Varimax Orthogonal Rotation. The influences of the demographic variables on the degree of the seriously-ill patients' family need were analyzed by t-test and P-test. Results were as follows. 1. Needs of the seriously-ill patients' family elicited and their cummulative percentage were: Needs to be supported emotionally, 29.2% Needs to be informed on facilities available, 9.6% Needs to be informed on the patient's prognosis, 7.7%. Needs to be supported spiritually, 5.1%. Needs to be informed on hospital environment, 4.2%. Needs to be helped to spare time, 3.9%. Needs to be informed on their role, 3.5%. Needs to be present near patient, 3.3%. 2. Educational background was found to influence on some factors. College-graduate group had higher Bevel of needs to be . informed on facilities available to be informed on the patient's prognosis, needs to be supported spiritually, needs to be helped to spare time, needs to be informed on their role than high school graduate group. 3. Among the parents, sons and daughters and the relative groups, the parents of the seriously ill patient had highest level of needs to be present near patient. Suggestions for further studies were as follows. 1. As the instruments used in the previous studies had high cummulative percentages in the aspect of the prognosis of patient and that in this study in the aspect of the prognosis of patient and that in this study in the aspect of the seriously ill patient's family themselves, development of a new instrument which combined the items of both of them is needed. 2. A study to clarify the influence of type and number of admission on need to be supported emotionally is needed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.71-94
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to investigate the desirable method of courtesy education for middle school students. The major research questions of this study are to identify and test the follows： 1) The influence of the environment (grade, sex, the educational background of father, the educational background of mother, the scale of family, the presence of grandfather, the presence of grandmother, students’age ranking among their brothers and sisters, religion, academie record) on the middle school students’ knowledge and attitude on courtesy. 2) The influence of the courtesy education on students’knowledge and attitudes on courtesy. 3) The degree of change on their knowledge and attitudes after courtesy education. The response were given by 485 middle school students and their mothers in Wanju county Chonbuk province. Frequences, Percentages, Means and Standard Deviations were calculated, T-test and Pearson Correlation Coefficients were used for data analysis. The result of this study are as follows, 1. The influence of environment： 1) Higher grade students gained more score of courtesy test than lower grade ones. 2) Female students gained more score than male students. 3) The students who had higher academic record gained more score of courtesy test than any other students. 2. The influence of courtesy education： Most of educated groups changed significantly due to courtesy education. It showed that courtesy education contributed to improve their knowledge and attitudes on courtesy. 3. After courtesy education： On the one hand, the most changed attitude was bow-courtesy area and then good-manners area, conversation-courtesy area, etc. On the other hand, the basic spirit area on courtesy changed less than any other areas. It means that long-term courtesy education should be done in order to change students’ attitudes on courtesy basically, even though they could improve their knowledge and attitudes externally in a short time.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.399-429
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• 2009

The purpose of this research examines the factors that influence happiness among Korean adolescents by focusing on psychological resource (as measured by self-efficacy), relational resource (as measured by social support) and financial resource (as measured by family's monthly income). In addition, the influence of academic achievement on happiness is examined. To examine the influence of socio-economic status and family's monthly income, adolescents living in three different districts in Seoul (from working to middle to upper class districts) were randomly selected and interviewed in their home. A total of 190 elementary school, middle school, high school and university students (male=83, female=107) completed the resiliency of efficacy scale developed by Bandura (1995) and emotional support and happiness scale developed by the present researchers, in addition to background information. The results of the path analysis are as follows. First, the most important predictor of happiness among Korean adolescents is relational resources. In other words, emotional support received from significant others was most predictive of happiness; more than 60 times the effect of family's monthly income, three times the effect of academic achievement, and two times the effect of resiliency of efficacy. The second most important factor that predicted the happiness of Korean adolescents was psychological resource (i.e., resiliency of efficacy), which had 30 times the effect of family's monthly income. In addition resiliency of efficacy played a mediating role between emotional support on one hand and happiness on the other. Third, those respondents who had higher academic achievement reported higher levels of happiness, which had 20 times the effect of family's monthly income. Fourth, family monthly income did not predict happiness among Korean adolescents. Fifth, socio-economic status and school level did not have direct influence on happiness but had mediating influence through their influence on emotional support. In other words, those respondents with higher socio-economic status and elementary school students were more likely to receive social support from significant others, which in turn increased their happiness. These results indicate that the most important predictor of happiness among Korean adolescents is emotional support, followed by resiliency of effic acy and academic achievement, indicating that those adolescents from wealthy families are not necessarily happier.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2016

Background: This study was conducted to analyze the influence of socioeconomic characteristics of community on the food insecurity under the control of personal socioeconomic factors which may be influence to the food security. Methods: Food insecurity and individual socioeconomic characteristics were obtained from 2012 community health survey. Socioeconomic characteristics of communities were extracted from the data of Statistics Korea and local governments. Personal socioeconomic factors were sex, age, educational status, job, and monthly family income. Socioeconomic characteristics of communities were administrative district (urban vs. rural), senior population rate, degree of financial self reliance, degree of financial independence, portion of welfare budget, number of welfare facilities, and unemployment rate. We analysed the relationships between the food insecurity and socioeconomic characteristics of community using multi-level analysis under the control of personal characteristics. Results: On personal level age, sex, education status, and monthly family income were related with food insecurity. On community level administrative district (urban vs. rural), degree of financial independence, unemployment rate, and proportion of welfare budget among local general government accounts were related to individual food insecurity. Rural area, district with low levels of financial independence, low portion of welfare budget, and greater unemployment rate showed a higher level of food insecurity. Conclusion: To reduce the level of food insecurity in a community it is necessary to decrease the unemployment rate, in addition to providing support from the central government by increasing the proportion of the welfare budget so that both factors contribute to raising the degree of financial independence.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.97-120
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• 1993

This study is designed to understand marital relationships of the rural couples in Korea. The primary purposes of this study are to examine the relationship between marital satisfaction and role evaluation of the spouse and to construct a path model in which shows the relationships among background variables, role evaluation of the spouse and marital satisfaction. Structured guestionnaires from 435 couples with school-age children and teenagers living in rural area are analyzed in this study. The major findings are as follows : 1. Factor analysis of the role evaluation of the spouse results I 4 factors for both husbands and wives; emotional support-sexual role child socialization-economic role, kinship role and housekeeping role. 2. The most important factor influencing the marital satisfaction is the role evaluation of the spouse o emotional support-sexual relation. While the number of children, and role evaluations of the spouse influence directly on the marital satisfaction of the wives, age, level of education, level of income and husband's occupation influence indirectly through role evaluations of the spouse on that of wives. 3. For husbands, family life cycle and their occupation influence indirectly on the marital satisfaction of the husbands and the marital satisfaction of them is also mediated by role evaluations of the wieves. Level of income of the family not only influences directly on marital satisfaction but influences on it indirectly. 4. Marital satisfaction is mediated by role evaluations of the spouse. The role evaluation of the spouse on emotional support-sexual relation has the most powerful effect on the marital satisfaction for both wives and husbands. About 60 percent of the variance in the marital satisfaction of rural couples can be explained by the role evaluation of the spouse. therefore, the result of the result of the study indicates that the role evaluation of the spouse on emotional support-sexual relation plays a significant part in determining the marital satisfaction of rural couples.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1779-1784
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• 2016

Background: Western physicians tend to favour complete disclosure of a cancer diagnosis to the patient, while non-Western physicians tend to limit disclosure and include families in the process; the latter approach is prevalent in clinical oncology practice in India. Few studies, however, have examined patient preferences with respect to disclosure or the role of family members in the process. Materials and Methods: Structured interviews were conducted with patients (N=127) in the medical oncology clinic of a tertiary referral hospital in Bangalore, India. Results: Patients ranged in age from 18-88 (M=52) and were mostly male (59%). Most patients (72%) wanted disclosure of the diagnosis cancer, a preference significantly associated with higher education and English proficiency. A majority wanted their families to be involved in the process. Patients who had wanted and not wanted disclosure differed with respect to their preferences regarding the particulars of disclosure (timing, approach, individuals involved, role of family members). Almost all patients wanted more information concerning their condition, about immediate medical issues such as treatments or side effects, rather than long-term or non-medical issues. Conclusions: While most cancer patients wanted disclosure of their disease, a smaller group wished that their cancer diagnosis had not been disclosed to them. Regardless of this difference in desire for disclosure, both groups sought similar specific information regarding their cancer and largely favoured involvement of close family in decision making. Additional studies evaluating the influence of factors such as disease stage or family relationships could help guide physicians when breaking bad news.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.85-93
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the influence of demographic characteristics such as inappropriate lifestyle, stress, and health status among health risk factors of early adolescents according to gender. There is a gender difference in the perception of mental and physical health of early adolescents, and the result can be different in behavior patterns between men and women. This study was conducted to identify the health risk factors as independent variables for early adolescents in Daegu and Gyeongbuk area, and to analyze the determinants of gender (male, female) differences by parents, family environment, friends, academic background, appearance, grade, location, school grades, family situation, and health status as demographic factors. And, the Odds Ratio of the early adolescents was analyzed through logit analysis and the differences according to the influence relationship of each of them were examined. As a result of the analysis, the more the sleep and physical activity, parents, home environment, friends, academic background, and appearance are increased, the more the influence is likely to become on the male students. On the contrary, the rest of the health risk factors can increase, and the threat to the health risk factors is likely to become severe to the female students.Among them, it is necessary to develop a pre-preventive program for early adolescents' health risk factors, provide basic data for practical application in the field, and seek a detailed program according to the gender of early adolescents.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.151-161
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• 2018

Background: Family values of a married woman may be related to her own depressive mood. Since depressive mood of a married woman is likely to exert a negative influence, in terms of mental health, on her, her family members, and the whole society's, it may be very important to explore the relationship between family values in married women and their depressive mood. Methods: In this study, we analyzed nationally representative 5,818 married women aged 20 years or older from the 4th panel data of 2012 Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families. As for variables of interest, we constructed three family values variables: family-oriented view of marriage, individualistic view of marriage, and traditional view of marital roles. Then we employed multivariate logistic regression analyses to explore the relationship between family values and depressive mood, adjusting for family and socio-demographic factors. Results: In total, 804 married women (18.4%) had experienced depressive mood. All of the three family values variables were significant in their relationships with depressive mood. The women categorized as 'very weak' in family-oriented view of marriage were more likely to experience depressive mood than the women categorized as 'very strong' (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-2.55). By contrast, the women categorized as 'very weak' in individualistic view of marriage (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.33-0.55) and in traditional view of marital roles (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.92) were less likely to experience depressive mood than their respective counterpart women categorized as 'very strong.' Conclusion: In Korea, married women's values towards marriage itself and roles between wives and husbands had significant associations with their depressive mood. This suggests that in order to improve mental health in married women, we need to take social and cultural dimensions into consideration along with public health interventions.