• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2004

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to identify the correlation between the child rearing attitudes and the maternal role strain of mother with infants. Method: This study is designed as a descriptive research study and the data was collected from 82 mothers and infants by means of an interview and questionnaire in a period from July 2002 to December 2002, when they came to screen their infant's growth and developmental state at a public health center. Result: The results of this study were as follows: There was a significant positive correlation between the child rearing attitudes and maternal role strain(r.=.53, p=.000). There was a significant difference between the father's employment state and child rearing attitude of mothers(t.=5.22, p<.000). There was a significant difference between male infant and female infants in maternal role strain(t.=3.8, p=0.04). Conclusion: When the child rearing attitude was positive, the subject's maternal role strain was high. Also further research is needed on social support or other factors in the subjects in child-rearing attitudes and maternal role strain.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.57-77
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the causal relationship between parenting knowledge, parenting stress, and parenting behavior of mothers with infants and to confirm the longitudinal mediating effect of parenting stress in the relationship between parenting knowledge and parenting behavior. Methods: This study used data collected through the Panel Study on Korean Children from 2008 to 2010 and the participants were 1,444 mothers with infants. The data were analyzed through technical statistics, correlations and multivariate potential growth models using SPSS 28.0 and AMOS 26.0. Results: Parenting knowledge and parenting stress of mothers gradually increased, and positive parenting behavior gradually decreased. Having a lot of parenting knowledge reduced mother's parenting stress. Mother's parenting stress reduced positive parenting behavior, and as parenting stress increased, positive parenting behavior decreased significantly. However, the relationship between parenting knowledge and parenting behavior was not significant. In addition, the mediating effect of parenting stress was confirmed in the relationship between parenting knowledge and parenting behavior of mothers. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study suggest the need to reduce parenting stress and promote positive parenting behavior along with the systematization of parent education programs in order for mothers with infants to acquire parenting knowledge.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2023

Objectives This study aimed to explore literature evidence regarding Chuna manual therapy for premature infants and determine its applicability. Methods Eight electronic databases were searched, and randomized control trials (RCTs) applying Chuna manual therapy to premature infants were sought. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was employed to assess the methodological quality of each RCT. Results Two RCTs met the inclusion criteria and were subjected to analysis. Each study compared the usual care group with the pediatric Chuna group. The results indicated improvements in nutritional status, a reduction in hospitalization days, and enhancements in growth indicators. Conclusions Chuna manual therapy is worth applying to premature infants. However, evidence is limited due to a lack of well-designed RCTs. More qualified clinical trials are needed to obtain stronger evidence.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.505-514
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• 2017

Purpose: Maintaining body temperature is a key vital function of human beings, but little is known about how body temperature of highrisk infants is sustained during early life after birth. The aim of this study was to describe hypothermia in high-risk infants during their first week of life and examine demographic, environmental, and clinical attributors of hypothermia. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study was done from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015. Medical records of 570 high-risk infants hospitalized at Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) of a university affiliated hospital were examined. Body temperature and related factors were assessed for seven days after birth. Results: A total of 336 events of hypothermia (212 mild and 124 moderate) occurred in 280 neonates (49.1%) and most events (84.5%) occurred within 24 hours after birth. Logistic regression analysis revealed that phototherapy (aOR=0.28, 95% CI=0.10-0.78), Apgar score at 5 minute (aOR=2.20, 95% CI=1.17-4.12), and intra-uterine growth retardation or small for gestational age (aOR=3.58, 95% CI=1.69-7.58) were statistically significant contributors to hypothermia. Conclusion: Findings indicate that high-risk infants are at risk for hypothermia even when in the NICU. More advanced nursing interventions are necessary to prevent hypothermia of high-risk infants.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.242-248
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Feeding in infancy is the most significant determinant of the intestinal microbiota in early life. The aim of this study was to determine the gut microbiota of Korean infants and compare the microbiota obtained between breast-fed and formula-fed Korean infants. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We analyzed the microbial communities in fecal samples collected from twenty 4-week old Korean (ten samples in each breast-fed or formula-fed) infants using pyrosequencing. RESULTS: The fecal microbiota of the 4-week-old Korean infants consisted of the three phyla Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. In addition, five species, including Bifidocbacterium longum, Streptococcus salivarius, Strepotococcus lactarius, Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae, and Lactobacillus gasseri were common commensal intestinal microbiota in all infants. The predominant intestinal microbiota in the breast-fed infants (BFI) included the phylum Actinobacteria (average 70.55%), family Bifidobacteriacea (70.12%), genus Bifidobacterium (70.03%) and species Bifidobacterium longum (69.96%). In the microbiota from the formula-fed infants (FFI), the proportion of the phylum Actinobacteria (40.68%) was less, whereas the proportions of Firmicutes (45.38%) and Proteobacteria (13.85%) as well as the diversity of each taxonomic level were greater, compared to those of the BFI. The probiotic species found in the 4-week-old Korean infants were Bifidobacterium longum, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus gasseri. These probiotic species accounted for 93.81% of the microbiota from the BFI, while only 63.80% of the microbiota from the FFI. In particular, B. longum was more abundant in BFI (69.96%) than in FFI (34.17%). CONCLUSIONS: Breast milk supports the growth of B. longum and inhibits others. To the best of our knowledge, this study was the first attempt to analyze the gut microbiota of healthy Korean infants according to the feeding type using pyrosequencing. Our data can be used as a basis for further studies to investigate the development of intestinal microbiota with aging and disease status.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2024

Purpose: Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children is a major challenge for pediatricians. This study was designed to investigate the risk factors for recurrent UTIs and determine the association between recurrent UTIs and clinical findings, including growth patterns in infants and children younger than 24 months of age. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 147 patients <24 months of age with UTIs who were hospitalized between August 2018 and October 2021. The patients were divided into recurrent and single UTI episode groups. Clinical findings and anthropometric and laboratory data were compared between the two groups. Results: In the recurrent UTI group, the weight-for-length (WFL) percentile at the first UTI diagnosis was lower compared to the single UTI episode group, and the weight-for-age percentile at 3-month and 6-month follow-ups after the first UTI decreased (all P<0.05). In univariable logistic regression analysis, higher birth weight, lower WFL percentile, the presence of hydronephrosis, acute pyelonephritis or vesicoureteral reflux, the use of prophylactic antibiotics, and non-Escherichia coli infections were associated with the development of recurrent UTIs (all P<0.05). However, in the multivariable analysis, only the presence of hydronephrosis and prophylactic antibiotic use were independently related to UTI recurrence (P<0.05). Conclusions: The presence of hydronephrosis at the first UTI can be helpful for predicting UTI recurrence in young children aged <24 months. Antibiotic prophylaxis may be associated with UTI recurrence. Potential growth delay should be carefully monitored in infants with recurrent UTI.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.28-35
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• 2009

목 적 : 액상 대두기반 영아식이 개발되어 시판되고 있으나 이에 대한 영양학적 연구는 미흡한 상태이다. 액상 대두영아식을 섭취하는 경우 영유아의 성장 및 발달을 모유 및 우유기반 영유아식을 먹이는 경우와 비교하였다. 방 법 : 2001년 6월부터 203년 8월까지 충북대학교병원에서 만기 정상분만으로 출생한 신생아를 대상으로 모유군(n=20)과 대두 영유아식(n=19) 및 우유 영유아식군(n=12)으로 나누어, 생후 첫 3개월간은 모유 및 인공 영유아식을 각 군에 해당하는 식이를 먹이고 생후 4개월부터는 이유식을 자유롭게 하도록 했다. 신체계측으로는 출생 시, 1, 2, 4, 5, 12개월, 그리고 36개월에 신장, 체중, 두위, 삼두박근 피부두께, 그리고 상완둘레를 측정하였다. 일반혈액 및 혈청의 화학검사는 생후 5, 12 그리고 36개월에 시행하였다. 결 과 : 생후 5개월까지는 대두 영유아식군의 체중이 가장 낮았으나 신장은 차이가 없었고, 이후 체중과 신장은 36개월까지 모든 영유아식군 간에 차이가 없었다. 혈중 헤모글로빈은 5개월과 12개월에 모유군이 가장 낮았다(P<0.05). 혈청화학 검사에서는 대두 영유아식군에서 생후 5개월에 BUN은 가장 높았고, cholesterol, 인, 포타슘은 가장 낮았으나, 그 이후는 모든 화학검사 수치의 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 대두기반 영유아식을 준 경우에 생후 3년간 우유 영유아식군이나 모유군에 비하여 신체의 성장에는 차이가 없었다. 대두기반 영유아식이 우유기반 영유아식이나 모유에 비하여 무기질 함량이 높은데도 불구하고 생후 5개월에 혈청 인 및 포타슘이 낮아 무기물의 흡수율을 높이는 방법을 개발해야 할 것으로 보인다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2005

Background and Objectives There was no clinical data except literary study on mutual correlation with autistic disorder in Western medical diagnosis and five kinds of flaccidity in infants(五軟), five kinds of retardation(五遲) in Oriental medical diagnosis. This study was performed to investigate the correlation of five kinds of flaccidity in infants(五軟), five kinds of retardation(五遲) to the children with autistic disorder and to set the time table for clinical diagnosis of developmental retardation by making a comparative study of normal developmental children so we can treat the children with autistic disorder in good time. Method We made the comparative study of interview sheets recorded by parents of total 163 children who were diagnosed as autistic disorder who visited HaeMa Oriental Medical Clinic with interview sheets recorded by parents of generally accepted normal developmental children(263) and then we took statistics. Results : 1. There was significant correlation with speech and walking among five kinds of flaccidity in infants(五軟), five kinds of retardation(五遲) in autistic disorder statistically and clinically in comparison with normal children. 2. There wasn't significant correlation with growth time of tooth among five kinds of flaccidity in infants(五軟), five kinds of retardation(五遲) on diagnosis of autistic disorder in comparison with normal children. 3. There was significant correlation with retardation of times going to toilet by oneself (it does not consist in five kinds of flaccidity in infants(五軟), five kinds of retardation(五遲).) in both of autistic disorder. Conclusion Autistic disorder was significantly correlated with the faculty of speech(語遲), retardation in walking out(行遲) of five kinds of flaccidity in infants(五軟), five kinds of retardation(五遲). We need to concrete the index of diagnosis, because it is so difficult to measure times and register retardation in tooth eruption(齒遲), retardation in hair-growing(髮遲), debility of neck and nape(頭項軟), flaccidity of extremities(手軟) and flaccidity of muscle(肌肉軟). And we can also use times going to toilet by oneself as one of diagnostic criteria because of its significant correlation. It is required to make early diagnosis of five kinds of flaccidity in infants(五軟), five kinds of retardation(五遲) using these criteria, and to treat them early by oriental medicine.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.837-842
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• 2007

배경: 미숙아는 흔히 동맥관의 폐쇄가 지연되어 혈역학적으로 의미 있는 좌우단락을 초래함으로 환아의 성장 및 정상 발육에 악영향을 미친다. 저자들은 액와 소개흉술을 통한 미숙아 동맥관 개존증 폐쇄의 효과에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 4월부터 2006년 10월까지 동맥관 개존증을 동반한 재태기간 37주 미만의 미숙아 중 인도메타신 부적응증 또는 치료 실패 등으로 수술적 교정을 받은 20명을 대상으로 하였다. 출생 당시 재태기간은 25+3에서 34+6주 사이로 평균 28.8+3.4주이었고, 출생 후 평균 $15.6{\pm}6.3$일째에 수술하였다. 수술 당시의 체중은 680에서 2,100 g 사이로 평균 $1,174{\pm}416\;g$이었는데 이 중 1,500 g 미만은 16명이었고 1,000 g 미만은 9명이었다. 수술은 모두 신생아 중환자실에서 이루어졌는데 측와위에서 왼팔을 현수시킨 자세로 길이 $2{\sim}3\;cm$의 액와 소개흉술을 통하여 접근하였다. 동맥관 크기는 평균 $3.8{\pm}0.3\;mm$로 동맥관의 폐쇄는 주로 클립을 사용하였는데, 2예에서 박리 중 동맥관 파열로 동맥관 분리술(division)을 시행하였다. 결과: 술 전부터 인공호흡기에 의존해 온 환아 12명 중 10명이 술 후 호흡기 증상의 호전과 함께 평균 9.7일 사이에 인공호흡기 이탈이 가능하였다. 수술과 직접적으로 연관된 사망이나 합병증은 없었으나 병원 내 만기 사망이 2예에서 있었는데 1예는 술 후 41일째 폐렴으로, 나머지 1예는 술 후 131일째 패혈증으로 사망하였다. 결론: 액와 소개흉술을 통한 미숙아 동맥관 개존증의 폐쇄는 혈역학적 불안정성을 개선하여 미숙아의 성공적인 성장 및 정상 발달에 도움이 되었다. 수술의 침습도 및 이에 따른 위험성은 매우 적어 조기에 적극적인 외과적 요법이 권장된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2006

목 적 : 극소저출생체중아의 따라잡기 성장과 이에 미치는 요인을 분석하고, 발달검사를 통한 따라잡기 성장과 발달의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2000년 1월 1일부터 2001년 12월 31일까지 삼성제일병원 신생아집중치료실에 입원하였던 1,500 g 미만의 극소저출생체중아 114명 중 추적관찰이 가능한 76명을 대상으로 하여 의무기록을 통한 후향적조사를 하였다. 한국소아의 표준성장곡선을 사용하여 각 환아의 교정연령 24개월의 체중에 따라 10 백분위수 이상인 군을 따라잡기 성공군으로, 10 백분위수 미만인 군을 실패군으로 정하였고, 각 군 산모 및 환아의 임상적 특성과 경과 등을 조사하였다. 그리고 각 군의 BSID II 점수를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 극소저출생체중아의 따라잡기 성장 성공군은 51명, 실패군은 25명이었다. 각 군 산모의 임상적 특성에서는 산전에 부신피질호르몬의 투여가 의미있는 차이를 보였다. 각 군의 임상적 특성에서는 출생체중과 자궁내성장지연이 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 다른 임상적 특성과 경과에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 성공군 51명 중 28명, 실패군 25명 중 22명에서 BSID II를 실시하였고, 발달지연은 실패군에서 더 많았지만, 통계상 유의한 차이는 없었다. BSID II 점수의 평균은 성공군에서 운동발달지수와 정신발달지수가 각각 $99.54{\pm}14.82$, $108.18{\pm}12.27$이었고, 실패군에서는 각각 $98.68{\pm}15.24$, $103.82{\pm}15.17$로 성공군의 점수가 더 높았지만, 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서 극소저출생체중아의 따라잡기 성장에 영향을 미치는 주요인자는 산전 부신피질호르몬의 투여, 출생체중, 자궁내성장지연이었다. 따라잡기 성공여부와 발달과는 큰 연관은 없었으나 더 많은 증례를 통한 연구가 필요할 것이다.