• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.559-567
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• 2003

Background: We first launched the case management program for diabetic patients who were registered in NHIC (National Health Insurance Corporation) in Korea and conducted this study to assess the effectiveness of the program. Methods: During the period from October in 2002 to March in 2003, 30 case managers performed the program for 71 diabetic patients. We evaluated the effectiveness of the program based on the results of fasting blood sugar level, two hour post-prandial blood sugar level, knowledge for diabetes, difficulty index in diabetes management, and the health risk factor changes of them. We analyzed results related to these factors through $x^2$ test and paired t-test. Results: The ave rage age of the subjects was 58.9. and the numbers of women and men were 43 and 28 respectively. The fasting blood sugar level and two hour post-prandial blood sugar level decreased from 164.3mg/dl to 146.5mg/dl and from 224.0mg/dl to 203.0mg/dl respectively. The knowledge for diabetes and difficulty index in diabetes management changed from 8.13 to 9.10 and from 3.52 to 2.91 respectively, and these changes were the positive. We observed improvement in self-test of sugar level, foot management, oral hygiene and proper medication but not in self-test of nutritional management. Conclusions: This study revealed that the case management program for diabetic patients who were registered in NHIC is significantly effective. However, the program need to study further to understand its long-term effects.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.89-92
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• 2008

The extreme heat watch warning system(EHWWS) that Korea Meterological Administration carried out a preliminary from July 1, 2007, considered both daily maximum temperature and daily maximum heat index simultaneously. It was requested revision of the standard level of EHWWS to solve the difficulty of forecasting occurred when we were considering two parameters simultaneously and we did not considering heat index according to areas. For this, we established three type standard, such as type 1 that considered both daily maximum temperature and daily maximum heat index, Under the extreme heat day that daily minimum temperature was more than $25^{\circ}C$, type 2 that considered daily maximum temperature and type 3 that considered only daily maximum heat index and then analyzed whether these 3 types satisfies the excess mortality of the extreme heat warning or not. As a results, type 1 and 2 were more explain away excess mortality each warning step than type 3. type 2 could also apply case of not to consider heat index according to areas and had a merit for extreme heat forecasting easily because the standard was simple. Therefore we think type 2 is more suitable and reasonable standard for Korea extreme heat watch warning system(KEHWWS) than type 1. In addition, we need to develop model that exactly predicts the excess mortality will be take place during the extreme heat warning and construct KEHWWS.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.144-152
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• 2021

Sanankerto is one of pilot projects for tourism villages in Indonesia due to its natural tourism potential with a 24-ha bamboo forest located in Boon Pring Andeman area. However, the distribution of existing bamboo has never been identified or mapped. Thus, the mana gement is facing difficulty in planning and developing tourism potential as well as spatial management in the area. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to identify and analyze the structure of bamboo vegetation in the Boon Pring Tourism village an d to perform vegetation mapping. The type of research was descriptive exploratory with a cluster sampling technique (i.e., a two-stage cluster) covering an area of ± 10 ha. Bamboo vegetation analysis was performed by calculating diversity index (H'), evenness index (E), and Species Richness index (R). Data were collected through observation and interviews with local people and the manager to determine zonation division. Mapping of bamboo vegetation based on zoning was processed into thematic maps using ArcG is 10.3. Micro climatic factors were measured with three replications for each sub -cluster. Data were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. Nine species of bamboo identified. Diversity, evenness, and species richness indices differed at each location. Activities of local communities, tourists, and manager determined the presence, number, and distribution of bamboo species. These bamboo distribution maps in three zoning (utilization, buffer, and core) can be used by manager for planning and developing natural tourism potential.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.55-64
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• 2018

Purpose - The most important goal of corporate management is the maximization of firm value in the market. Executives of companies are making effort to increase corporate value and initiate various management strategies, which is to develop the products or service with value. Through these efforts, consumer satisfaction grows and loyalty increases, which leads to the positive change of customer satisfaction index. The purpose of this research is to find out the abnormal return after the KCSI(Korean Customer Satisfaction Index) is announced. Research design, data, and methodology - This research data is collected from 11 years' stock price in KOSPI market and KCSI. The authors analyze the abnormal return triggered by the announcement of KCSI through the event study. Results - First, newly enlisted companies in the KCSI show statistically significant short-term abnormal rate of return. Second, the value of the customer satisfaction index is not the level of customer satisfaction but the direction of the change in the CSI. Conclusion - Customer satisfaction has the important intangible asset in the marketing area. However, firms' investment for CS is not an easy decision, because of the difficulty to measure the effect on corporate market value. This research investigates the change of the market value after the announcement of KCSI. Based on the results, firms have to keep trying to increase KCSI relative to the previous year. And the small company has to struggle for being newly listed in the KCSI.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.33-42
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• 2004

Objective : To evaluate the sensory processing ability in relation to parenting stress and find the sensory modulation areas affecting the parenting stress in disabled children Methods : Parents of 124 children with disabilities between 3 to 7 years receiving occupational therapy in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do made out the questionnaire and in items of questionnaire, Short Sensory Profile and Parenting Stress Index of short form was included. Results : Among general information, parenting stress of parents had significant correlation with the degree of disability and correlation with the lower level 2 of Parenting Stress Index. The more sensory processing disability was increased, the more parenting stress was increased. Parenting stress showed the significant correlation with movement sensitivity area and under-responsiveness/behaivor area seeking specific stimulation among sensory processing areas and had significant correlation with tactile sensitivity and auditory filtering. Sensory processing areas which affect the most the Parenting Stress were movement sensitivity and under-responsiveness/behaivor area seeking the specific behavior among sensory control disabilities. Conclusion : The parenting stress of parents with the disabled children had the correlation with sensory processing ability. The difficulty of sensory processing increased the parenting stress. Hence, in order to improve children's sensory processing ability, the appropriately coping program should be developed and the appropriate intervention for improvement of sensory processing ability of children will be necessary.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.346-352
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to analyze the chinese chemistry terminology in chemistry unit of 7th grade science textbooks in 7th curriculum and find relationship between student understanding and difficulty index for chinese preferred students and non-chinese preferred students. The chinese terminology in 7th curriculum was reduced less than that of 6th curriculum but still was over 70%. Students had difficulties in understanding of abstract terminologies and science terms but thought easily the concrete, common terminologies. The tendency of student understanding was similar to that of difficulty index. For chinese chemistry terminology, understanding of chinese preferred students was higher than that of non-chinese preferred students. For easily translated chemistry terminology, there was no significant difference but both were showed the improved understanding. Therefore student understanding should be improved in science if science textbooks would be written by easily translated chemistry terminology.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.79-91
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• 2007

Purpose: To improve health care of the elderly, we have used Moxibustion to examine the effectiveness of this product from 1st Feb. 2007 to 31 st May for 78 people who are older than 65 years old twice a week. Method: The tool of research was modified Cornell Medical Index(CMI) which Nam Ho Chang(1965) modified for the Korean and CMI which consists of 26 questions. Data were analyzed in frequency, paired t-test by SPSS. Result: Hypothesis: 'It was supported that CMI increases for those who have treated Moxinustion'. There were significant differences between before and after using Moxibustion when the symptom is one of those which are sore throat, tonsillar, edema, tightness of nose, common cold, cough, tightness of chest, palpitation, dyspnea, edema of leg, difficulty of urination, anorexia, heavy on stomach, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, fullness of abdomen, stomachache, diarrhea, constipation, incontinency of stool, arthralgia, shoulder or backache, lumbago, headache, burning or chillness, vertigo and dizziness. Conclusion: As a result, Moxibustion is effective for such symptoms so that it is considered to be using in everyday life this product for better health care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.521-527
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• 1997

This study was aimed to investigate the nutriational status of Korean female college students who are attending school at a longdistance. Physique calssification by anthropomethic indexes, Body mass index(BMI) & Brocas' index and the body fat distrubition were investigated. The energy balance was also examined comparing caloric intake with caloric expenditure. The result of this study are followings; (1) Average height and weight were 158±17.8 cm, 51.7±7.8 kg. This results were not quite different from '84 Korean Adult Standard of 159.5cm, 52.5kg. (2) By Broca's index, 25.89% of subjects was underweight 67.0% was normal weight and 7.06 was overweight. By BMI, 40% of subjects was underweight, 58.8% was normal weight and 1.2% was overweight. (3) According to % fat measured. By BIA, 7% in subjects was underweight, 64.2% was normal weight, 22% was overweight and 6.1% was obesity. This result differed from BMI's result. It may be measurement error due to the difficulty of removing metal sticking to underwear and tooth correction. (4) The intakes of the nutrients except protein, P, vitamin B₁ complexes, were lower than the intakes indicated by Korean Recommended Allowances. 95) Average caloric intake a day was 1545±394.4 kcal, which was much lower than the RDA. The caloric expenditure was much more than caloric intake, which showed negative energy balance in the subjects of this study.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.129-138
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• 2014

Purpose: To develop a Critical Thinking Skill Test for Nursing Students. Methods: The construct concepts were drawn from a literature review and in-depth interviews with hospital nurses and surveys were conducted among students (n=607) from nursing colleges. The data were collected from September 13 to November 23, 2012 and analyzed using the SAS program, 9.2 version. The KR 20 coefficient for reliability, difficulty index, discrimination index, item-total correlation and known group technique for validity were performed. Results: Four domains and 27 skills were identified and 35 multiple choice items were developed. Thirty multiple choice items which had scores higher than .80 on the content validity index were selected for the pre test. From the analysis of the pre test data, a modified 30 items were selected for the main test. In the main test, the KR 20 coefficient was .70 and Corrected Item-Total Correlations range was .11-.38. There was a statistically significant difference between two academic systems (p=.001). Conclusion: The developed instrument is the first critical thinking skill test reflecting nursing perspectives in hospital settings and is expected to be utilized as a tool which contributes to improvement of the critical thinking ability of nursing students.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.489-495
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• 2020

Income inequality is a problem that is not only faced by developing countries such as Indonesia, but also developed countries. The difference lies in the proportion of an inequality that occurs and the solution to the level of difficulty experienced. Thus, this study aims to empirically analyze the unequal distribution of population income in Java island, Indonesia, by including the human development index, open unemployment rate, foreign investment, and the degree of fiscal decentralization. The research model used in this study was multiple linear regression to analyze the panel data with a fixed-effect model approach. The results of the study showed that human development index, open unemployment rate, and the degree of fiscal decentralization had a positive and significant effect on income inequality in Java island. Meanwhile, foreign investment had a negative and insignificant effect on income inequality in Java. It is because the value of the investment is more invested in the capital-intensive sector. The government is expected to be more selective in accepting foreign investments that enter the country, especially in Java, and it should be labor-intensive investments. In addition, the government has to equalize locations for foreign investment without reducing good cooperation with these foreign investors.