• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.450-466
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• 2015

This study examines why families move to neighborhoods at different levels of income. By analyzing a survey dataset of homeowners who sold and bought a house in 1999 in Franklin County, Ohio, in USA on their mobility decisions, this study examined the factors associated with cross-income residential location decisions. I categorized both survey respondents and neighborhoods into low-, middle-, and high-income levels and ran multinomial logit analyses for each of the low-, middle-, and high-income family groups to examine why families moved to neighborhoods at different levels of income. The analysis suggests that middle-income families moved to high-income neighborhoods because of school reputation and moved to low-income neighborhoods because of investment purposes.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2015

Based on the work of Anand et al. (2013) we measure inclusive income growth, which combines growth in gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and growth in the equity of the income distribution. Extending the work of Causa et al. (2014), we estimate a dynamic simultaneous structural equations model of GDP per capita and inclusive income on panel data for 63 countries over the 1990-2013 period. We estimate both equations in error correction form by difference GMM (generalized method of moments). Among the explanatory variables of the level and the distribution of GDP per capita we include R&D (research and development) expenditure per capita. In OECD countries we obtain a large positive effect of R&D on GDP. R&D is found to have a positive effect on the social mobility index but its impact on the income equity index at first decreases, then switches around to become slightly positive in the long run. In non- OECD countries, R&D is found to decrease inclusive income, mostly through a negative growth effect but also because of a slightly increasing income inequity effect.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.437-463
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• 2013

As polarization and class reproduction between generations are considered to be serious problems in Korean society, increasing number of assortative mating, which means marrying between homogeneous family background, income class, and educational background, is on the spotlight socially. Some worry that the increase of assortative mating can reinforce closure of social mobility so it deepens inequality and limits class mobility between generations. This research analyzes the effects of accomplishment characteristics of husbands and wives and ascriptive characteristics of parents which consist the concept of assortative mating, on income, consumption, and assets those represent economic status of a family. The purpose of this research is to suggest empirical understanding on the role of assortative mating that affect on inequality within generations and income mobility between generations in Korean society. In the result of multiple regression analysis on the effect of assortative mating on income, consumption, and assets, high educational background was the factor that increase income and consumption level as accomplishment characteristics of assortative mating. As ascriptive characteristics of assortative mating, educational homogeneous of fathers was the factor that increased asset level. While accomplishment characteristics affect income and consumption, ascriptive characteristics of homogeneous had significant effect on assets. Thus, it was found that transfer between generations had effects around asset rather than income. In particular, ascriptive characteristics in young husbands and wives aged 20s or 30s had significant effect only on the assets.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.507-520
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in the housing instability of low-income households through their residential mobility. The concept of housing instability is measured by taking into consideration of housing types, number of moves, period of homelessness, and housing affordability index. The result of this study shows that housing instability of low-income households owned their homes is mainly caused from their old housing built in at least 1980, and that of tenant households is due to the heavy burden of rent-to-income ratio. By using multinominal logit model, the study finds that low-income tenant households are more likely to move upwards as they are man-headed, aged and relatively high-income if we categorize residential mobility into four types: upwards, equivalent, trade-off, and downwards migration. Considering that the share of homeowners moving downwards increases while the share of tenants moving upwards decreases as they reside increasingly nearby Seoul, the study finds that low-income households living in big cities are no better off to improve their residential instability for themselves than the low-incomes in local small and midium cities. Furthermore, both low-income owners and tenants are less likely to move downwards as the ratio of single-family housing in former residence increases. Such finding has a policy implication that government needs to maintain affordable single-family housing stock rather than supplying excessive unaffordable multi-family housing in order to enhance residential instability of low-incomes households.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.65-79
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to establish a conceptual model on the woman's labor force participation and mobility in the labor market and to analyze the correlation between them. Included in those models were two independent variable sets. The one was related to household's financial conditions and the other was associated to the woman's role such as marital status, the number of children and the existence of young children. KHPS's national data was used and the Binomial Probit Model and Bivariate Probit Model were employed to analyse the effects of independent variables and the correlations between two dependent variables. The results of this study were as follows. The rate of women's labor force participation and the percentage of mobility willingness were 15.4% and 22.0%. Among the variables which have affected women's labor force participation were total wage income, non-wage income, expenditure on children's education and the subject judgement of their financial status. The existence of children under the age of 6 and marital status had significant influences on women's mobility willingness. The correlation between women's labor force participation and mobility willingness was very significant statistically. These findings clarified the status of woman as a secondary worker and pointed that a woman's economic activity would be subject to the woman's condition rather than her human capital.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.1-28
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• 2017

Using Korea Labor and Income Panel Surveys data, this paper estimates the effect of schooling level on income over time and the effect of children's education level on intergenerational income persistence. The results show that the impact of education level on income decreased over time. Also, intergenerational income persistence, measured as a dummy variable that has value one if children's income percentile group is same as the father's, increased with children's educational attainment only when the father is in upper income percentile groups. These findings indicate that education fails to play a significant role of the economic ladder and does not much help in raising intergenerational income mobility. Rather, education may possibly function as a means of intergenerational transmission of wealth through parental investment in their children's private education.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.127-144
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• 1989

The resulting rapid urbanization in the several decades caused increasing residential mobility. The purpose of this study is to analyse systematically the effects of residential mobility on the family quality of life and the factors that cause residential mobility. For this purpose, 976 housewives were sampled from the households in Seoul. The data were analysed by such statistical methods as multiple regression, crosstabulation, ANOVA test and path analysis. The main results obtained are as follows; 1) A significant proportion of the urban households are experienced frequent residential mobility. 2) Among the factors that affect residential mobility, the most important factors are family income, tenure type, and residential satisfaction. 3) Residential satisfaction is an important intervening variable in residential mobility. 4) It has been observed that family quality of life was affected by residential mobility patterns. Analysis has revealed that quality of life de eloped remarkably by changing for residential location, especially in education environment for their children.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.75-93
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• 2024

This study examines the impact of moving to an opportunity-rich area on an individual's wage income to identify the relationship between regional disparities in opportunities throughout a person's life cycle and life outcomes. Based on the Graduate Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS) provided by the Korea Employment Information Service, individuals with similar life experience prior to regional mobility were selected and analyzed using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method. Specifically, the life cycle was classified into stages such as pre-high school, university entrance period, and employment period. Then, a path model was established to analyze regional mobility, education, employment, and wage income by life cycle stage. The analysis results indicate that the life cycle stage where regional mobility had the greatest impact on an individual's economic performance, that is, the stage where the impact of opportunity disparities was most unequal, was the university entrance period. Additionally, moving to an opportunity-rich area was a critical factor that cumulatively affected subsequent life. Hence, pre-high school mobility was also noteworthy as it induced life in the central area later on. Lastly, while parental income itself was influential, but when combined with regional mobility, it could act as a means of transferring wealth to the next generation. These results suggest that the state should strive to alleviate the regional imbalance around universities by fostering universities outside the capital region and reduce the possibility of the influence of parents' socio-economic background on regional mobility.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 1990

The principal measure of housing demand is income and the preferences expressed by households through their respective indifference curves. In this context, housing essentially becomes a derived demand, i.e., the household consumes land and a location (or distance-in time and money costs), according to its relative preferences for space, accessibility, and all other nonhousing goods. This paper attempts to deal with both aspects of housing (apartment) demand and household mobility in the Seoul Metropolitan Areas. Housing services will be measured using hedonic regression technique. From observations on the market prices of dwelling units and on the underlying characteristics of housing, one can estimte the relationships between the two empirically. In predicting the probability of the future moves into new towns in the Seoul Metropolitan areas, the best predictors of the future moves into new best predictors are found to be the degree of satisfaction not only with the current residence as a whole, but with some of the major amenities, accessibility and child education. The reasons for moving into new towns are diverse depending on the households' current situation; the most frequently cited is "improvement of housing conditions," followed by "improvement of living environment," "asset improvement" and "home ownership". It appears that people move houses because of a dissatisfaction with their current housing status, relative their income or needs, or a desire to improve their housing and neighborhood amenities, or both. On the other hand, it is clear that the development of new towns in the Seoul Metropolitan Areas should be based on the analysis of housing demand and the pattern of household mobility in Seoul housing market.sehold mobility in Seoul housing market.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 1996

Mobility in housing is a normative way to satisfy family needs for· better· living conditions. In the context of relative decisions. mobility can be understood as forced relocation or unforced relocation In making relocation. the household chooses a particular 'environmental quality profile. Therefore. the understanding of mobility and relocation in housing is needed for· the developing and planning of housing evnironment. The major findings are s follows ;1. The motives of mobility are composed of 4 factors('material porseperity’, 'convenience· safety'. environmental improvement' and 'forced relocation'). Especially, 'material prosperity' was defined the most fundamental factor· for. 2. The components of housing environment quality were composed of 3 factors related to the scale of home environment. They were 'neighborhood character factor', 'dwelling character· factor·'. And 'location character· factor'. The factor 'neighborhood character' was defined the basic factor· to choose for the housing environmental quality profile.3. It was examined that the motives of mobility and the components of home environmental quality were significantly different by the household characteristics (income. family life cycle. and tenure type).