• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2018

Purpose: Postpartum fatigue can impact maternal well-being and has been associated with levels of perceived self-care. This study aimed to examine the relationship among fatigue, depressive mood, self-care agency, and self-care action among postpartum women in Bangladesh. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional survey was done with 124 first-time mothers from two tertiary hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The Modified Fatigue Symptoms checklist, Denyes' Self Care Instrument, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and items on sociodemographic and delivery-related characteristics, were used in Bengali via translation and back-translation process. Results: High fatigue levels were found in 18.5% (n=23) and 73.4% had possible depression (n=91). There was a significant negative relationship between fatigue and self-care agency (r=-.31, p<.001), and self-care action (r=-.21, p<.05). Fatigue differed by level of self-care agency (t=4.06, p<.001), self-care action (t=2.36, p=.023), newborn's APGAR score (t=-2.93, p=.004), parental preparation class participation (F=15.53, p<.001), and postpartum depressive mood (t=-4.64, p<.001). Conclusion: Findings suggest that high level of self-care efficacy and behaviors can contribute to fatigue management, and highlight the need for practical interventions to better prepare mothers for postpartum self-care, which may, in turn, alleviate postpartum fatigue.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5059-5068
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to learn the impact of creative action and locus of control on the self-leadership among RN-BSN students. 135 RN-BSN students participated after being told the research information. The results were as follows: first, mean of locus of control was 1.42, creative action was 3.26, and self-leadership was 3.63. Second, the differences according to general characteristics for the variable of locus of control, workers at hospitals were higher than non workers. For creative action, and self-leadership, those over age 30 and charge nurses rated higher than those below 20 and staff nurses. The last, locus of control and creative action had influence on the self-leadership. The conclusion was that if each nursing organization wants to improve its nurses' self leadership, it must consider nurses' locus of control, and creative action.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.590-595
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• 2008

In the present paper, the impact damage behavior of steel plate reinforced concrete panels exposed to shock impulsive loading and fragment impact loading is investigated. To evaluate the retrofit performance of a steel-strengthened concrete panels, a numerical experiment using a numerical simulation with AUTODYN, an explicit analysis program is introduced because a real explosion experiment requires the vast investment and expense for facilities as well as the deformation mechanisms are too complicated to be reproduced with a conventional closed-form analyses. The model for the analysis is simplified and idealized as a two-dimensional and axisymmetric case controled with geometry, boundary condition and material properties in order to obtain a resonable computation time. As a result of the analysis, panels subject to either shock loading or fragment loading without the steel plate reinforcement experience the perforation with spalled fragments. In addition, the panels reinforced with steel plate can prevent the perforation and provide the good mechanical effect such as the increase of global stiffness and strength through the composite action between the concrete slab and the steel plate.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.131-143
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• 2007

In this study, we are concluded like this : 5 men who are soccer player of P university in B city measure the Electromyography with an angle of motion according to kinesiotaping's application when practicing in-step kick. When exercising in-step kick, the change of realization of muscle load of lower limbs enhence Gastrocnemius Lateralis and Vastus Medialis in the section of backswing, and improve Tibialis Anterior, Vastus Medialis, Rectus Femoris prior to impact after back-swing. Before impact, it mainly impoved Tibialis Anterior, Vastus Medialis, Rectus Femoris. After impact, it generally improved Gastrocnemius Lateralis, Vastus Medialis. Average integral electromyography value, it was such a small difference(; the difference of the value in Tibialis Anterior, Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis) that we can't compare case of after taping than before. In Electromyography, in case of after taping was considerably decreased at Gastrocnemius Lateralis, there was statistically significant difference between before and after. It was a little increased, after taping than before at Knee angle. And degree was a little decreased at Ankle angle. But, It's so delicate difference, there was not statistically significant difference between before and after.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.463-470
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• 2002

Environmental protection and precaution are the most frequently considered issues in the recent research fields for our present and future surroundings. However, it seems that these environmental issues were less reflected in local-level development plans, and caused several cases of environmental pollution, therefore it became a major concern of local governments and the communities. The role of a 'Local EIA(Environment Impact Assessment)' can be a core issue for the positive preferences of the local-level development plans. Cases of Local EIA in Germany which have been implied successfully are reviewed to generate a local EIA movement and to produce a guideline for Korean local governments. The local EIA in Germany was broadly commenced in the middle of 1980s, and a decade later it was carried out for over 200 of local governments. To produce a better suggestion for Korean local EIA, comparison and analysis of detail data of the German local EIA was carried out, and tested for fourteen cities in Korea based on five categories: i) assessment subject, ii) assessment procedure, iii) main office for assessment, iv) assessment factor and v) assessment standard. Prior suggestions for greater preference of local EIA in Korea are: it is necessary that I) launch of a support system in central government to help the movement of local government; Ⅱ) a knowledge-based expert group in local government which has by all means of exclusive responsibility far any action(new application or performance of local EIA) : 111) establishment of 'environmental protection measure' in local government level for environmental precaution based on individual environmental character and values in their communities.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.151-158
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• 2007

The static and dynamic behaviour of VGT and EGR systems has a significant impact on overall engine performance, fuel economy and exhaust emissions. This is because they define the state and composition of the air charge entering the engine. This work focused on the effect of the aperture ratio of VGT and EGR on the emission and flow characteristics under partial loads conditions. The investigation carried out using 2 liter PCCI 4 cylinder diesel engine with VGT and EGR. The result of this study shows that smoke increases with increasing EGR rate and NOx decreases with increasing EGR rate. It was also found that the residual gas contents greatly impact on soot emission under partial load condition. Finally, it can be concluded that VGT and EGR aperture ratio can greatly impact not only on soot and NOx but also air charging.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.117-134
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• 2014

Today the concept of corporate social responsibility has become an essential element for coexistence of corporations and the society. In this study the impact of four responsibilities of business organizations proposed by Archie Carroll (economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary) on customer loyalty through the mediating effect of trust and company-consumer identification is analyzed. A questionnaire survey was conducted for four well-known Korean companies (Dong Suh Food, LG Household and Health Care, Samsung Electronics, and Hyundai Motor). After factor analysis, legal and ethical responsibilities were grouped as the same factor, thus three social responsibilities were finally used for hypotheses testing. Major findings were as follows: First, economic responsibilities had positive impact on honesty trust, professionalism trust, favorableness trust, and company-consumer identification, Second, legal/ethical responsibilities were found to have significant effects on honesty trust, favorableness trust, and company-consumer identification. Third, in the case of discretionary responsibilities, professionalism trust, favorableness trust, and company-consumer identification were revealed to have a significant positive relationship. Fourth, only two trust variables (honesty and professionalism) and company-consumer identification had positive influence on the loyalty of customers. These findings are expected to help decision makers to set up corporate objectives and choose action items for corporate social responsibility. At the last part, implications of the study and future research directions were discussed.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.111-134
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• 2008

As students can purchase textbooks online or from local bookstores, we proposed a model to study the predictors of textbook purchasing from online bookstores based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and technology acceptance model (TAM). The survey instrument consisted of 51 items to assess 10 constructs of the proposed model, where the items used to measure the constructs were adapted from previous literature. Pre-testing and pilot testing of the measures were conducted by selected users of online bookstores. Data were collected from 220 university students who have purchased and intend to purchase their textbooks from online bookstores. The findings of this research are summarized as follows. First, navigation, previous experience, and innovation have a significant impact on the buyer's perception of ease of use. Second, price and delivery services have a significant impact on the buyer's perception of usefulness. Third, the perception of ease of use also has a significant impact on the buyer's perception of usefulness. Fourth, the perception of ease of use, perception of usefulness, and subjective norms all significantly support the purchasing intention in the case of online bookstores.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.262-276
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• 1997

The purposes of this study are 1) to modify a self-help program for patients having fibromyalgia, 2) to revise instruments to measure the self-efficacy and impact of fibromyalgia; and 3) to test the effects of the program in terms of self-efficacy, physical activities, and clinical symptoms. The subjects of this study were persons diagnosed as fibromyalgia at a university hospital. For the first two purposes, six patients were selected. Twenty three subjects for the third purpose were selected and assigned to experimental and control group on the base of their residence. Thirteen were assigned to the experimental group, while 10 to the control group. Instruments selected for revision were self-efficacy scale and fibromyalgia impact profile. On the basis of the text developed by Arthritis Foundation, a program for patients with fibromyalgia was tentatively developed. Instruments for measurement of self-efficacy and impact of fibromyalgia were revised to show high reliabilities. Results obtained by utilization of the program were as follows : 1) There were no increase of self-efficacy and physical activities. 2) There were no improvement of the number of tender points and pain. 3) There were improvement of depression, fatigue and sleep impairment. These findings indicate the needs for modification of the program with emphasis of exercise for relaxation of tender points, increases of enactive action and vicarious learning.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.411-424
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• 2011

Over the past three decades, Korea has undertaken a series of reforms to improve development policy, plans and programs, including measures to mainstream the environment across all major sectors. Despite of these efforts, there has been still the lack of capacity to fully assess the environmental impacts as well as sustainable implications of development projects and strategies. At the level of regional and sectoral development plans, the development of strategic environmental assessment SEA systems continues to remain at a relatively early stage in the region with fewer examples of fully operational processes or effective practice. This study shows a further information to our understanding of the EIA and SEA systems and their implementation in Korea. It affords a number of insights into strengths and weaknesses of the current action in different countries, and identifies an agenda of needs and options for capacity building for implementing the EIA enactment.