• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.754-763
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• 2007

Flow-induced forces on two identical nearby circular cylinders immersed in the cross flow at Re=100 were numerically studied. We consider all possible arrangements of the two circular cylinders in terms of the distance between the two cylinders and the inclination angle with respect to the direction of the main flow. It turns out that significant changes in the characteristics of flow-induced forces are noticed depending on how the two circular cylinders are positioned, resulting in quantitative changes of force coefficients on both cylinders. Collecting all the numerical results obtained, we propose a contour diagram for drag coefficient and lift coefficient for each of the two cylinders. The perfect geometrical symmetry implied in the flow configuration allows one to use those diagrams to estimate flow-induced forces on two identical circular cylinders arbitrarily positioned in physical space with respect to the main flow direction.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2002.06a
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• pp.40-40
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• 2002

Nuclear transfer (NT) has the potential to produce large number of identical progeny and would greatly benefit ongoing research efforts, Cloned animals produced by NT, however, may not be genetically identical to the donor cell. In NT procedures, nucleus genes originate from donor cell, and mitochondrial genes originate from recipient oocytes. (omitted)

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

The injection molding process is a predominant method for producing plastic parts. In order to maximize productivity and molding quality in a injection mold, it is important that each cavity in a multi-cavity injection mold is identical. This requires that cavity dimensions should be identical and delivery system of melt to each cavity have to be the same. Despite the geometrically balanced layout in multi-cavity injection mold more than 4 cavities, it has been observed that the filling in each cavity results in imbalances. Most of cases, this phenomenon of filling imbalances have a bad effect on dimension accuracy, warpage, molding appearance and strength of molding parts. In this study, experiment were conducted to investigate the effect of filling imbalances on the molding quality(surface gloss, shrinkage, tensile strength) in the multy-cavity injection mold.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 1995

In conclusion, tremendous potential exists for the application of animal biotechnology to the beef industry, especially with the utilization of embryo cloning to produce genetically identical animals and genetic engineering to modify animal genomes to improve and /or create new phenotypes for many economically important traits. Research involving embryo cloning and genetic engineering of animals has been continuous now for over a decade, however inefficiencies in techniques have prevented large scale application. large numbers of identical cattle will some day be produced and producers will be utilizing transgenic cattle in their beef production programs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.1177-1180
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• 1999

This study describes the growth of broiler chickens to the two forms of Gompertz function for application in broiler production models. The first form is based on the estimated mature weight ($W_A$), while the second is based on the estimated hatch weight ($W_O$). Both equations gave identical estimation because they are mathematically identical. To fit the growth curve of commercial broilers that marketed at 35-42 days, it is unnecessary to keep broilers to near maturity (> day 140) to obtain growth data for deriving the Gompertz function. This date does not improve the curve fitting of the early growing period. Additionally, a high mortality and health problem occurred to this type of chicken after day 105.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.37-46
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• 1990

Biomass to methane production is a good supply of substitutable energy resources. The economic viability of these systems depends a great deal on cost effective production methods and facilities. The operational problem is to determine the time eto allocate to each batch of several feedstocks for each digester and to determine the number of batches for each digester so as to maximize biogas production for two identical digesters over a fixed planning horizon. This paper provides an efficient approximation procedure which is based on decomposition of the problem and the analysis of incremental gas production function for each feedstock. The computational experience for the heuristic procedure was also reported.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.3 no.spc2
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• pp.334-340
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• 2005

Based on the stability margin provided by the EEAC, the unstable contingencies can be classified into sets according to their unstable modes. This two-part paper develops a globally optimal algorithm for transient stability control to coordinate preventive actions and emergency actions. In the first part, an algorithm is proposed for a set of contingencies having identical unstable modes. Instead of iterations between discrete emergency actions and continuous preventive actions, the algorithm straightforwardly searches for a globally optimal solution. The procedure includes assessing a set of insufficient emergency schemes identified by the EEAC; calculating the related preventive actions needed for stabilizing the system; and selecting the scheme with the minimum overall costs. Simulations on a Chinese power system highlight its excellent performance. The positive results obtained are explained by analogizing settlements for 0-1 knapsack problems using the multi-points greedy algorithm.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.857-862
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• 2011

This paper studies the output consensus problem for a class of heterogeneous linear multi-agent systems under a fixed directed communication network. The dynamics, as well as its dimension, of each agent can widely differ from the others, but all the agents are assumed to have the same transfer matrix. In addition, only the system outputs are constrained to be delivered through the network. Under these conditions, we show that the output consensus is reached by a group of identical controllers, which is designed to achieve the state consensus for the homogeneous multi-agent system obtained from the minimal realization of the transfer matrix. Finally, an example is given to demonstrate the proposed result.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.33A no.12
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• pp.110-119
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• 1996

A novel high speed VLSI architecture and its VLSI realization methodologies for a motion estimation processor based on full search block matching algorithm are presentd. The presented architecture is designed in order to be suitable for highly parallel and pipelined processing with identical PE's and adjustable in performance and hardware amount according to various application areas. Also, the throughput is maximized by enhancing PE utilization up to 100% and the chip pin count is reduced by reusing image data with embedded image memories. Also, the uniform and identical data processing structure of PE's eases VLSI implementation and the clock rate of external I/O data can be made slower compared to internal clock rate to resolve I/O bottleneck problem. The logic and spice simulation results of the proposed architecture are presented. The performances of the proposed architecture are evaluated and compared with other architectures. Finally, the chip layout is shown.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.79-87
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• 2006

In this paper, some characterization results of the NBUCA class of life distributions are obtained. Behavior of the life distributions of the present class is developed in terms of the monotonicity of the residual life of k-out of-n systems given that the (n-k)th failure has occurred at time $t{\geq}0$. Similar conclusions based on the residual life of parallel system are also presented. Next, we focus upon the aging process of a system with independent but not necessarily identical NBUCA components. Finally, it is proved that if the lifetimes of a series systems with a random number of identical components have the NBUCA property then its units also have the same property.