• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.187-188
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• 2023

This study aimed to evaluate a feasibility of estimating setting time and compressive strength of curing conditions using a Hybrid meter. As a result, It was determined that the measured hardness value at the initial set, final set and at 5MPa of the Hybrid meter were not affected by curing conditions. And the Hybrid meter(A) is confirmed to have a higher correlation, so it is judged to be more suitable for pratical use.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.143-144
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• 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of estimating the setting time and compressive strength in Ternary Blended Concrete(TBC) using Settimeter, Strength meter, and Hybrid meter. It was determined that the hardness values at the initial setting time and final setting time of Settimeter, Hybrid meter, and at the 5 MPa of Strength meter were not affected by the mixing ratio of TBC. However, future studies need to consider the errors caused by the instability of the measurement surface during condensation and the state of the measurement surface after hardening.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose an improved numeric character recognition method which can recognize numeric characters well under low-illuminated and shade-illuminated environment. The LN(Local Normalization) preprocessing method is used in order to enhance low-illuminated and shade-illuminated image quality. The reading area is detected using line segment information extracted from the illumination-normalized meter images, and then the three-phase procedures are performed for segmentation of numeric characters in the reading area. Finally, an efficient hybrid classifier is used to classify the segmented numeric characters. The proposed numeric character classifier is a combination of multi-layered feedforward neural network and template matching module. Robust heuristic rules are applied to classify the numeric characters. Experiments using meter image database were conducted. Meter image database was made using various kinds of meters under low-illuminated and shade-illuminated environment. The experimental results indicates the superiority of the proposed numeric character recognition method.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.04b
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• pp.365-368
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• 2006

The objective of this research is to investigate usage of 3KW photovoltaic-wind power hybrid generation system composed of 500W solar power generator and 400W wind power generator in a parallel circuit. In addition, solar radiation meter and wind monitor have been installed into each generation system to obtain the practical operating data that monitored in monthly, daily and hourly. These data that are independent to weather change and location would provide adequate generation output on average and cope with emergency situation in generation system In conclusion, based on this study, it could be considered for 3KW combined generation system to be gradually propagated to houses and small-size public facilities.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.160-165
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• 2018

This paper investigates the reaction rate of $CO_2$ storing carbonation hybrid reaction by comparing the behavior of carbonation between $Ca(OH)_2$ and fly ash with that of CFBC (Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion) containing plenty of Free-CaO. Because fly ash with CFBC contains a lot of unreacted CaO, it cannot be used as a raw material for concrete admixtures and its usages are limited. To reuse such material, we stabilized unreacted CaO by carbonation and investigated the carbonation rate. We used a pH meter and a thermometer to check the rate of the carbonization. Also, we set the contents of fly ash with CFBC, $Ca(OH)_2$, flow and fluid of $CO_2$, respectively, to 100 g, 50 g, 100 ~ 1000 cc/min and 400 g based on the content of Free-CaO. We used carbonated water instead of water, and added an alkaline activator to promote the carbonation rate. As a result, the addition of the alkaline activator and carbonated water promoted the rate of carbonation via a hybrid reaction.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.170-179
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• 1997

This paper presents a hybrid navigation system for AUV to locate its position precisely in rough sea. The tracking system is composed of various sensors such as an inclinometer, a tri-axis magnetometer, a flow meter, and a super short baseline(SSBL) acoustic position tracking system. Due to the inaccuracy of the attitude sensors, the heading sensor and the flowmeter, the predicted position slowly drifts and the estimation error of position becomes larger. On the other hand, the measured position is liable to change abruptly due to the corrupted data of the SSBL system in the case of low signal to noise ratio or large ship motions. By introducing a sensor fusion technique with the position data of the SSBL system and those of the attitude heading flowmeter reference system (AHFRS), the hybrid navigation system updates the three-dimensional position robustly. A Kalman filter algorithm is derived on the basis of the error models for the flowmeter dynamics with the use of the external measurement from the SSBL. A failure detection algorithm decides the confidence degree of external measurement signals by using a fuzzy inference. Simulation is included to demonstrate the validity of the hybrid navigation system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.262-269
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• 1994

This study was conducted to clarify high yielding factors of F$_1$ hybrids in terms of the growth characteristics, canopy structure, nitrogen content and nitrogen profile in the canopy. Varieties used in this study were four hybrid rices showing different heterosis in grain yield and their parents. Varieties of Japonica were Reimei (maintainer), TP 681 and TP 1278(restorers), and F$_1$ (Reimei ms ${\times}$ TP 681, Reimei ms ${\times}$ TP 1278) hybrid rices. Those of Indica type were 1378 (maintainer), Milyang 46 and Suweon 287(restorers), and F$_1$ (1378 ms ${\times}$ Milyang 46, 1378 ms ${\times}$ Suweon 287) hybrid rices. High heterosis in F$_1$ hybrid rices were shown in panicles per hill and spikelets per panicle, being greatest in spikelets per panicle. Spikelets per square meter expressed even greater heterosis than those two yield components because of multiplicative effect of them. Heterosisof ripened concentration of leaf nitrogen and steeper gradient of leaf nitrogen in canopy strata but also better productive structure in favor of light interception seemed to have led to higher canopy photosynthesis of F$_1$ hybrids and subsequent higher partition of assimilates for leaf area expantion especially during vegetative growth stage. Higher dry matter production, resulting from these factors, during vegetative stage would have contributed to the production of greater number of spikelets per square meter, and consequently to higher grain yield in F$_1$ hybrids.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.879-886
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• 1998

An automated calibration system of sound level meters was developed and tested. As a standard sound source, the speaker unit(Forstex FE208) cabineted by 440$\times$390$\times$490 $\textrm{mm}^3$(LHW) volume wood box was adopted. Including this source, the driving part was found out to have a good linearity of sound pressure output vs AC voltage input. The Hybrid-Bisect/Newton-Raphson method modified by the linearity was adopted as a searching algorithm. Uisng GPIB interface, the console PC make the control, measurements, and calculations and finally make the accumulation of useful data and results automatically by the instructon in the program coded by C languate. Several trials of automatic calibration using this developed system give the reliable results.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.178-191
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• 2003

OMC is essentialiy necessary compound in sun goods as organic UV protecting products. But the skin-trouble problem is raising because of skin penetration of OMC. In this study, non-capsulated pure OMC was compared with Organic-Inorganic-Nano-hybrid OMC for skin penetration force and SPF degree. Organic- Inorganic Nano-Hybrid OMC is OMC trapped in the pore of the mesoporous silica synthesized by the sol-gel method after OMC is nanoemulsified in the system of the hydrogenated Lecithin/ Ethanol/caprylic/capric triglyceride/OMC/water. OMC- nano- emulsion was obtained by a microfluidizing process at 1000bar and then micelle size in the nanoemulsion solution is 100-200nm range. Mesoporous silica nano-hybrid OMC was prepared by the process; surfactant was added in dissolved OMC-Nanoemulsion, then the rod Micelle was formed. OMC-nanoemulsion was capsulated in this rod Micelle and then silica precursor was added in the OMC-nanoemulsion solution. Through the hydrolysis reaction of the silica precursor, mesoporous silica concluding OMC-Nanocapsulation was obtained. The nano-hybrid surface of this OMC-Nanoemulsion-Inorganic system was treated with polyalkyl-silane compound. OMC-Mesoporous silica Nano-hybrids coated with polyalkyl-silane compound show the higher sun protecting factor (SPF Analyzer: INDEX 10-15) than pure OMC and could reduce a skin penetration of OMC. The physico-chemical properties of these nano-hybrids measured on the SPF index, partical size, strcture, specific surface area, pore size, morphology, UV absorption, rate of the OMC dissolution using SPF Analyzer, Laser light scattering system, XRD, BET, SEM, chroma Meter, HPLC, Image analyzer, microfluidizer, UV/VIS. spectrometer.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 2010

Polymer composite materials offer high strength and stiffness to weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and total life cost reductions that appeal to the marine industry. The advantages of composite construction have led to their incorporation in U.S. yacht hull structures over 46 meters (150 feet) in length. In order to construct even larger hull structures, higher quality composites with lower cost production techniques need to be developed. In this study, the effect of composite hull fabrication processes on mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) composites is presented. Fabrication techniques investigated during this study are hand lay-up (HL), vacuum infusion (VI), and hybrid (HL+VI) processes. Mechanical property testing includes: tensile, compressive, and ignition loss sample analysis. Results demonstrate that the vacuum pressure implemented dining composite fabrication has an effect on mechanical properties. The VI processed GFRP yields improved mechanical properties in tension/compression strengths and tensile modulus. The hybrid GFRP composites, however, failed in a sequential manor, due to dissimilar failure modes in the HL and VI processed sides. Fractography analysis was conducted to validate the mechanical property testing results.