• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2021

Core-outrigger-mega frame system is used in Suzhou IFS with 95-story, 450 m-tall, which is beyond Chinese code limit. Besides simple introduction on design principle, structure system and analysis, key techniques including performance based design criteria, frame shear ratio, capacity check of mega column, human comfort criteria under wind induced vibration and TSD design were presented in details for reference of similar super tall building design.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

A team of researchers and practitioners were recently assembled to prepare a monograph on "Wind-Induced Motion of Tall Buildings: Designing for Habitability". This monograph presents a state-of-the-art report of occupant response to wind-induced building motion and acceptability criteria for wind-excited tall buildings. It provides background information on a range of pertinent subjects, including: ${\bullet}$ Physiological, psychological and behavioural traits of occupant response to wind-induced building motion; ${\bullet}$ A summary of investigations and findings of human response to real and simulated building motions based on field studies and motion simulator experiments; ${\bullet}$ A review of serviceability criteria to assess the acceptability of wind-induced building motion adopted by international and country-based standards organizations; ${\bullet}$ General acceptance guidelines of occupant response to wind-induced building motion based on peak acceleration thresholds; and ${\bullet}$ Mitigation strategies to reduce wind-induced building motion through structural optimization, aerodynamic treatment and vibration dissipation/absorption. This monograph is to be published by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) and equips building owners and tall building design professionals with a better understanding of the complex nature of occupant response to and acceptability of wind-induced building motion. This paper is a brief summary of the works reported in the monograph.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2012

Occupant footfalls are often the most critical source of floor vibration on upper floors of buildings. Floor motions can degrade the performance of imaging equipment, disrupt sensitive research equipment, and cause discomfort for the occupants. It is essential that low-vibration environments be provided for functionality of sensitive spaces on floors above grade. This requires a sufficiently stiff and massive floor structure that effectively resists the forces exerted from user traffic. Over the past 25 years, generic vibration limits have been developed, which provide frequency dependent sensitivities for wide classes of equipment, and are used extensively in lab design for healthcare and research facilities. The same basis for these curves can be used to quantify acceptable limits of vibration for human comfort, depending on the intended occupancy of the space. When available, manufacturer's vibration criteria for sensitive equipment are expressed in units of acceleration, velocity or displacement and can be specified as zero-to-peak, peak-to-peak, or root-mean-square (rms) with varying frequency ranges and resolutions. Several approaches to prediction of floor vibrations are currently applied in practice. Each method is traceable to fundamental structural dynamics, differing only in the level of complexity assumed for the system response, and the required information for use as model inputs. Three commonly used models are described, as well as key features they possess that make them attractive to use for various applications. A case study is presented of a tall building which has fitness areas on two of the upper floors. The analysis predicted that the motions experienced would be within the given criteria, but showed that if the floor had been more flexible, the potential exists for a locked-in resonance response which could have been felt over large portions of the building.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2008년도 정기 학술대회
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• pp.228-233
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• 2008

In this paper, peak acceleration for horizontal vibration of buildings was estimated from the results of vibration tests using a shaking table. Human comfort of occupants is supposed to be satisfied according to the peak acceleration in NBCC and ISO6897, which have been used by Korean structural engineers. In the paper, we used a one-dimensional shaking table for horizontal vibration tests, which was mounted with a vibration house similar to a living space. Experimental results were obtained according to increasing accelerations in the range of 0.2Hz through 1.2Hz of frequency with five experimental groups, each of which was composed of eight persons. We obtained performance curves by dividing the distribution of perception from horizontal vibration tests into the ranges of 0${\sim}$25%, 26${\sim}$50%, 51${\sim}$75%, 76${\sim}$100% and then fitting the curves. Also we made a questionnaire based on human comfort criteria of foreign countries, and examined the feelings of subjects. From the results of horizontal vibration tests, it was found that acceleration of perception was low when frequency was high, and that visual and auditory senses affect the human perception for horizontal vibration of buildings.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.347-362
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• 2022

Current vibration serviceability assessment criteria for wind-induced vibrations in tall buildings are based largely on human 'perception' thresholds which are shown not to be directly translatable to human 'acceptability' of vibrations. There is also a considerable debate about both the metrics and criteria for vibration acceptability, such as frequency of occurrence or peak vs mean vibration, and how these might vary with the nature of the vibration. Furthermore, the design criteria are necessarily simplified for ease of application so cannot account for a range of environmental, situational and human factors that may enhance or diminish the impact of vibrations on serviceability. The dual-site VSimulators facility was created specifically to provide an experimental platform to address gaps in understanding of human response to building vibration. This paper considers how VSimulators can be used to inform general design guidance and support design of specific buildings for habitability, in terms of vibration, which allow engineers and clients to make informed decisions with regard to sustainable design, in terms of energy and financial cost. This paper first provides a brief overview of current vibration serviceability assessment guidelines, and the current understanding and limitations of occupants' acceptability of wind-induced motion in tall buildings. It then describes how the dual-site VSimulators facility at the Universities of Bath and Exeter can be used to assess the effects of motion and environment on human comfort, wellbeing and productivity with examples of how the facility capabilities have been used to provide new, human experience based experimental research approaches.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2010

Architectural design for school can be completed well when the environment-friendly elements are satisfied. In other words, the environment-freindly element could be most important idea for school planning, and one should have this direction for each element as a design goal. In this study, I defined the "environment-friendly" as the environment for nature and human. I examined what could satisfy those and would be its principles. I set up the criteria to satisfy each priciple. Most important factor to keep the relation between nature and human would be reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and a green belt would absorb it. Therefore, I think that there would be effective possibility when suitable conditions are applied in phases. Every school can have comfort as environment-friendly facility, at the same time, contribute to nature. Also, students can learn and study nature, and perform a duty as human.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.683-692
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• 2005

This study was intended to analyze the clothing shopping orientations and purchasing practices for men's dress shirts. It was conducted by means of convenience sampling survey with male office workers who usually wear dress shirts at work and who also live in Seoul, Geonggi, and Chungcheong area. The data collected were analyzed by frequency analysis, cross-tabulation analysis, factor analysis, t-test, and ANOVA using SPSS. The results are as follows: 1) Clothing shopping orientations were classified into six factors: brand oriented; planned; enjoying; expediency oriented; negative shopping; and low price oriented. There were partially significant differences in clothing shopping orientations according to the surveyees' age. 2) The surveyees prioritized low price and expediency in clothing shopping, but they also showed low interest in brands. 3) The criteria for purchasing were in the order of size, color, comfort, and design. There were also partially significant differences in the estimation criteria for dress shirts according to marital status and age. 4) Most respondents tended to purchase 3 or 4 pieces of dress shirts a year, paying 30,000 to 50,000 won for a piece, usually at department stores. 5) When they purchase a dress shirt, they always considers its size. In the case of married men, however, it is the laundry tag that they do care about.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.580-586
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• 2011

In this study, 3 cooling systems of apartment which are air-cooled air conditioner with indoor unit, water-cooled air conditioner with indoor unit and small capacity absorption chiller-heater with FCU have been evaluated by Multi-Criteria Decision Making Analysis. Weights of 7 selected factors which are economics, space, billing, constructability, human comfort, visibility and reliability are determined by expert group of 30 system designers and 30 construction engineers. Final weights were derived for 101 and 166 $m^2$ apartments. Analysis shows that small capacity absorption chiller-heater with FCU is the most favorable system for apartment cooling system.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2000

필기구는 그 구조와 사용특성상 여타 제품과는 다른 특징을 많이 띠는 제품이다. 즉, 다양한 종류의 필기구라 할지라도 대체로 공통적인 구조나 부품으로 구성된 경우가 많다. 또한 제품 전체가 항상 손에 잡혀져 필기가 이루어진다는 점에서 인체공학적인 디자인이 필수적인 제품이다. 소비자들이 필기구를 고르는 데 있어 가장 중요하게 여기는 요소가 필기감이라는 것을 감안하면, 스타일링 위주의 디자인을 행하기 보다 필기감 향상에 영향을 주는 요소 중에서도 디자인이 기여할 수 있는 인간공학적인 개선이 매우 유효한 개선 방법이 된다고 할 수 있다. 현재까지도 인간과 일의 이해를 바탕으로한 인간공학 (Ergonomics)적 접근이나 필기구를 쥐었을 때의 편안함 등에 대한 문제해결은 부족한 면이 적지 않으며, 인간과 일의 관계에 의해 인간사회는 유지되며 독특한 문화를 형성한다는 근본적인 인식을 바탕으로 필기구 디자인은 문화적인 차원에서의 인간공학적 접근을 시도해야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다양한 필기구의 인간공학적 디자인 크라이테리어를 재정립하고, 실제 실험을 통하여 필기구가 가져야하는 기본적인 제원에 대하여 정리하여 향후 필기구 개발에 기초자료로 쓰기 위한 시도를 하였다. 이러한 연구는 필기구 개발의 통합적 전개, 즉 동시공학적 개발을 위한 기초자료로서 나 각 부품별 모듈 시스템을 통한 모델 다각화 전략의 초석이 되는 데이터베이스 개발에도 효과적으로 응용될 수 있다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.671-683
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify middle-school boys' purchase behavior according to their shoes shopping orientation. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect from 314 subjects. Factor analysis, Chi-square test, and one-way ANOVA were done using SPSS PC (Ver. 18.0). Most middle-school boys selected shoes that were 255~270mm, possessed on to two pairs of school shoes, searched for information for about five days before purchase, had spent 50,000~150,000 won on one to two pairs of shoes during the previous six months, saw design, comfort, and brand as their selection criteria, chose their shoes by themselves, shoes specialty stores, had favorite brands, preferred athletic shoes made of achromatic canvas, and bought new shoes when their old ones wore out. Factors of shoe shopping orientation were fashion and brand, economy, conformity, and comfort, and students were grouped into an active shopping group, an underdeveloped shopping orientation group, and a value pursuit group. The active shopping group bought more shoes, spent more on shoes, selected their shoes themselves, patronized discount shoe stores or specialty stores, and preferred national brand shoes. The underdeveloped shopping orientation group accepted their friends' opinions when selecting shoes and bought cheaper shoes. The value pursuit group accepted their parents' opinions when selecting shoes, patronized internet shopping malls or traditional markets, and selected cheaper shoes. The shoe shopping orientation of middle-school boys was immature, but they showed strong consumption needs.