• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.377-388
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• 2016

This study was done to compare consciousness of biomedical ethics in nursing and general students. Participants were 382 nursing and general students at a college in S city. Mean score of consciousness of biomedical ethics(range:1~4) in nursing students was 3.04 and general students, 3.12. Thus, mean score of consciousness of biomedical ethics of two group were above the average and general students significantly higher than nursing students. Life-respect consciousness, perceived ethical values in nursing students were shown as significant predictors on consciousness of biomedical ethics and life-respect consciousness, sexual attitude, value regarding child rearing in general students. The most influential predictor of two groups was life-respect consciousness. To establish desirable biomedical ethics of nursing students, it is necessary that subjects related to biomedical ethics should be mandatory, and it is necessary to raise the proportion of credit for the curriculum.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.772-783
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was performed to measure the nursing service perceived value by consumer and providers, and to investigate the relationship among nursing service, general satisfaction and hospital revisiting intent, and to examinate the tools that measures nursing service's reliability, construct validity and usefulness. Method: The questionnaire was developed and distributed to 300 patients and 210 nurses at three general hospitals. For data analysis, SPSS/PC program was used. Result: The nursing service perceived value by providers is higher than that by consumers. There are distinctive difference in the expectation, and importance and performance values of the nursing service perceived. In examination of the relationship among nursing service, general satisfaction and hospital revisiting intent, nursing service has a deep relationship with general satisfaction, but doesn't have relationship with hospital revisiting intent. The tool that measures nursing service has a good reliability and construct validity. In analysis on the usefulness between the tools, SERVPERF tool is more useful than SERVQUAL tool. conclusion: The nursing service perceived value by consumer is different that by providers, and the tool that measures nursing service has a good reliability and construct validity. The SERVPERF tool is more useful than SERVQUAL tool.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1145-1149
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• 2012

Aim: To clarify any association between the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and susceptibility to gastric cancer. Methods: A meta-analysis based on 11 eligible case-control studies involving 5,107 subjects was carried out to summarize the data on the association between hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and gastric cancer risk. Results: No association was found between hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and gastric cancer risk (dominant model: OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.83-1.09, p = 0.486, ph (p values for heterogeneity) = 0.419; additive model: OR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.81-1.30, p = 0.850, ph = 0.181; recessive model: OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.80-1.48, p = 0.586, ph = 0.053). Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity (Asian and Caucasian) and smoking status (ever smoker and never smoker) did did notpresent any significant association. Sensitivity analysis did not perturb the results. Conclusions: This study strongly suggested there might be no association between the hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism and gastric cancer risk. However, larger scale studies are needed for confirmation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4959-4962
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• 2012

The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate prognostic factors associated with survival of patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Included were 200 patients admitted to the Liberation Army General Hospital with a diagnosis of ES-SCLC. The demographics of patients, disease characteristics, pre-treatment biochemical parameters and therapeutic plan were assessed or evaluated. Univariate analysis found that second-line chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and no liver metastasis were associated with improved survival. Tumor response to first-line chemotherapy and normal initial hemoglobin levels were also associated with a survival benefit (all P-values ${\leq}$ 0.0369). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that liver metastasis and the total number of all chemotherapy cycles were independent prognostic factors of survival. The morbidity risk in patients with liver metastasis was 2.52-fold higher than that in patients without liver metastasis (hazard ratio (HR)=2.52 (1.69-3.76); P<0.0001). However, one unit increase in the total number of chemotherapy cycles decreased the risk of death by 0.86-fold (HR=0.86 (0.80-0.92); P<0.0001). Absence of liver metastasis and ability of a patient to receive and tolerate multiple lines of chemotherapy were associated with longer survival.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.480-482
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• 2009

A 2-year-old, castrated male, Scottish fold cat was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University (VMTH-SNU) for evaluation of acute bilateral blindness after general anesthesia. For dental prophylaxis in local animal hospital, general anesthesia had been induced with intravenous acepromazine and ketamine, and maintained with isoflurane after intubation. At VMTH-SNU on next day, complete blood count, electrolytes and serum chemistry values were within normal ranges. On neurologic examination, visual placing and postural reactions like as hopping, hemiwalking and wheelborrowing were reduced on right hindlimb. On ophthalmic examination, menace responses were absent on both eyes and pupillary light reflex (PLR) reduced on right eye, but other reflex and fundus were normal. Prednisolone (2 mg/kg sid for 3 days) was administrated orally and tapered. Visual placing was possible on 2nd day, and postural reactions were recovered on 4th day after dental prophylaxis. Based on the process and recovery, this case was considered as postoperative visual loss (POVL) after general anesthesia.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 1971

The effect of reinforced circular hole in a flat plate under general biaxial loading conditions is considered. The reinforcement is achieved by attaching a circular ring of uniform rectangular cross section along the boundary of the hole. This investigation includes a theoretical solution and an experimental conformation. In the theoretical analysis, Gurney's method is used to obtain a solution for the stress distribution and the solution is expressed in a general form, so that it can be applicable to the case of general biaxial loading and general values of Poisson's ratios. In the experimental work a systematic series of photoelastic models, as shown in Fig.5 and Table 1, were analyzed on polariscope. The experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical ones, as shown in Fig.8 and 9. The conclusions derived are as follows: 1) The theoretical results, given in Eq. $(1){\sim}(5)$, are sufficient in accuracy for the engineering design purpose. 2) The stress concentration factor decreases as the ratio n increases, but not significant beyond n=3. 3) The stress concentration factor increase as the ratio m increases, but not significant below m=0.7.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.381-388
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to check if LED lighting can be used as general lighting and examine the color rendering property of full color RGB LED lighting. CRI is one of the important properties of evaluating lighting. However the present CRI does not fully evaluate LED lightings. Firstly, the performance of a simple task was compared other than comparing CRI values for different lighting. For experimental preparation three types of lightings were used; standard D65 fluorescent tube, general household fluorescent tube, and RGB LED lighting. All three lightings show high error for Purple-Red. All three lightings show similar error for all hues and prove that color discrimination is not affected by the lighting. This proves that LED could be used as general lighting. Secondly, problems of the conventional CIE CRI method are considered and new models are suggested for the new lighting source. Each of the models was evaluated with visual experiment results obtained by the white light matching experiment. The suggested model is based on the CIE CRI method but replaces the color space model by CIELAB, color difference model by CIEDE2000, and chromatic adaptation model by CAT02.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.297-311
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• 2020

Objective: We compared the level of blood cadmium exposure with health impacts by using data from a survey of residents near an abandoned mine and a national health survey. Methods: For this study, we used data from 7,046 individuals who participated in the Health Effects Survey of Abandoned Metal Mines (AMS, 2008-2011) and 6,871 individuals who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV-VI (KNHANES, 2008-2013). To evaluate the health impacts, the quartiles (S1 to S4) were classified according to blood cadmium concentration, and then the odds ratios of S2 to S4 over S1 for exceeding the reference values of renal function, blood pressure, and bone density were compared. Similarly, the odds ratio of AMS over KNHANES was confirmed. Results: In the AMS, adjusted for general characteristics, the geometric mean of blood cadmium concentration was 1.34 ㎍/L, which was statistically significantly higher than that of the KNHANES 1.22 ㎍/L (p<0.001). In the integrated data of AMS and KNHANES, the estimated odds ratio of S4 over S1 for exceeding the reference value was found to be 1.70 for serum creatinine, 1.71 for hypertension, and a T-score 2.02 for the tarsal bone. They were all statistically significant. Conclusion: Residents around abandoned metal mines had a higher blood cadmium concentration than the general population, and the odds for exceeding the reference values were higher for some health indicators. Continuous biomonitoring should be conducted for vulnerable areas such as around abandoned metal mines, and measures to reduce cadmium exposure and management of chronic diseases are needed.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.413-423
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• 2012

Purpose: This study is to determine the patterns of relationship between organizational socialization (OS) and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among nurses working in a general hospital setting by examining whether organizational adaptation through OS leads to positive behavioral changes, which may be helpful to improve organizational performances. Methods: The data were collected from 494 nurses in five general hospitals using a structured questionnaire, and they were analyzed by conducting canonical correlation analysis using SPSS 12.0. Results: The analysis of the relationship patterns between OS and OCB revealed that two significant canonical correlations between the two groups of nurses with less than 5 years of working experience (LT) vs. more than 5 years of experience (MT), respectively. Thus, the complicated correlations between OS and OCB were identified. The variables that contributed to each canonical function most were 'politics', 'organizational goals and values' in the LT group, and 'organizational goals and values' and 'language' in the MT group. The notable point in the relation between OS and OCB in our study was negative contribution of 'sportsmanship' among the OCB variables in the MT group. This is thought to be the negative effect of OS. Conclusion: More effective workforce management could be achieved by adopting a differentiated approach according to work experience. To develop a better program to enhance OS, more careful attention to OCB of experienced nurses should be paid to minimize a negative effect on organization while rewarding individuals or departments for a positive organizational behavior.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.965-973
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• 2008

In this study, we compared the quality and sensory characteristics of 4 types of fresh tomatoes and 2 types of canned tomatoes, and then determined the most preferred quality characteristics and tomato type for the production of tomato sauce. The sample tomatoes were prepared by cutting after either peeling or heating for 5 min. Soluble solids were in the following order: Italian canned >American canned, Cherry> Vita king > Aranka > general tomatoes. The primary free sugars were fructose and glucose, and we determined that fructose and glucose were the most prevalent sugars in the cherry and American canned tomatoes. The total sugars, which were the sum of the fructose and glucose contents, were consistent with the soluble solid contents. pH was measured in the following order: general> Italian canned> Cherry, Vitaking> Aranka> American canned tomatoes. The most abundant amino acid was glutamic acid, and its content in the unheated tomatoes occurred in the following order: American canned> Italian canned> Vita king> Cherry> general tomatoes; however, after heating, the Vita king tomato was followed by the American canned tomato. The lightness (L value) of the fresh tomatoes tended to be higher than that of the canned tomatoes, and it decreased after heating. The redness (a value) of the unheated tomatoes was in the following order: Italian canned> American canned> Vitaking tomatoes; after heating, the Vitaking evidenced the highest values, followed by the canned tomatoes. The result of our QDA profile of sensory characteristics according to redness, aroma, sweet taste, sour taste, palatability, and viscosity was in the following order: Italian canned > American canned > Vitaking tomatoes, which evidenced the most balanced hexagonal shape. In the preference test, 2 types of canned tomatoes and Vitaking tomatoes were the most preferred among the fresh tomatoes. From the correlation coefficients among the sensory characteristics, canned tomatoes were the most preferred for the production of tomato sauce due to its high redness, flavor, palatability, and viscosity values. Vitaking tomatoes were the most appropriate among the fresh tomatoes.