• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.155-160
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• 2007

In order to develop chili pepper bacterial spot resistant cultivars and near-isogenic lines (NILs) to prompt the molecular mapping of the resistance gene, we have run backcross breeding program since 1994. Two resistance genes against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria Bs2 from Fla. XVR 3-25 and Bs3 from our breeding line 25-11-3-2, were introduced into a land race, Chilseongcho (abbreviated to Chilseong hereafter) with good fruit guality. We report here the testing of $BC_4F_3\;to\;BC_4F_5$. We found that $BC_4F_5$ lines of the crosses were homozygous with respect to the respective genes of introduction. The lines, in which Bs2 gene was introduced, were hypersensitively resistant to both race 1 and race 3 of X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, whereas, those in which Bs3 was introduced were resistant to race 1.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.223-227
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• 2010

In order to select superior tree from Korea, five major phenolic compounds including (-)-epicatechin(EC), chlorogenic acid (ChA), hyperoside (HP), isoquercitrin (IQ), and procyanidin B2 (PC-$B_2$) in hawthorn fruit were evaluated. We also compared these hawthorn fruits of five clones with Chinese hawthorn cultivars. HPLC with a diode-array detector was used to determine the contents of the individual compounds. Hawthorn fruits of five clones (selected from different area of Korea), and four Chinese hawthorn cultivars grown in the Korea Forest Research Institute (Suwon) were utilized. With their high functional components, Jungsun is the clone including the highest contents of EC (11.26 mg/g) and PC-$B_2$ (24.46 mg/g). The clone of Chuncheon 15 had highest HP (0.53 mg/g) and IQ (0.41 mg/g). From the results, the clone of Jungsun and Chuncheon 15 can be evaluated to be selected breeding material for cultivar development.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.178-190
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• 2017

$Fragaria{\times}ananassa$, a strawberry evolved from hybridization between F. virginiana and F. chiloensis, is a globally cultivated and consumed fruit crop valued for its flavor and nutritional value. Flavor and quality of fruits are determined by factors such as sugars and organic acids present during fruit development. These characteristics are highly subjective in different genotypes and affected by various environmental factors. In this study, we analyzed contents of major sugar compounds including fructose, glucose and sucrose by HPLC analysis in four cultivars namely, Maehyang, Seolhyang, Festival and Sweet Charlie. We identified 55 genes related to fructose, glucose, sucrose and soluble sugar regulation whose expression were analyzed in four cultivars at three developmental stages of the fruit namely, green, white and ripened stages. Expression of these genes across these progressive fruit developmental stages varied among cultivars. Among the 55 genes, genes FaFru3, FaSuc11 and FaGlu8 revealed differential patterns of expression along developmental stages of the fruit in high and low sugar-containing genotypes, respectively and may be putative candidates for sugar content in strawberries. Expression of genes are discussed with regard to corresponding sugar content in these genotypes. Further analysis and application of these genes may be valuable in developing high sugar containing cultivars via marker-assisted breeding.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.408-413
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• 2010

The paper reviewed research status and outlook of genetic transformation in fruit trees in Korea. Genetic transformation has been long considered as an alternative technique overcoming limitation of conventional breeding and conducted since early 1990's. An efficient genetic transformation was established with major cultivars of apple, even in Fuji and Gamhong, and some transgenic apple plants have been transferred into the greenhouse for further analysis of gene expression. A few successes of genetic transformation have been reported and application to a variety of cultivars tried in citrus and kiwifruit. Successful genetic transformation has not been reported in the other fruit trees including grapevine, yet and it is considered being at the level of research. Those factors including replacement of antibiotics as a selective agent, use of transgenic rootstocks and manipulation of gene expression at proper parts and developmental stages have been prerequisites for the rapid commercialization of transgenic fruit plants.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.203-209
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• 2013

Genetic manipulation of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) breeding is still difficult due to lack of reliable regeneration system. The aim of this research is to establish shoot regeneration system from leaf explants for pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka) using various concentrations of plant growth regulators and carbon source supplemented to medium. The highest regeneration rate of about 20% was found on a medium containing 4.4 g/L of Murashige and Skoog (MS) without vitamins, Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) vitamins were added separately. Leaf explants of pear were cultured on MS medium containing 7 g/L of Daishin agar supplemented with various concentrations of NAA (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 mg/L) in combination with BA(3, 5, 10 mg/L) for shoot regeneration. In medium with 5 mg/L of BA and 0.01 mg/L of NAA, adventitious shoot regeneration rate was higher than others treated. The optimal results were observed using MS medium supplemented with 30 g/L sorbitol as carbon source on regeneration system. Sorbitol is considered better carbon source than sucrose for shoot regeneration of pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka). In order to increase of shoot regeneration in pear (P. pyrifolia cv. Niitaka), plant agar and Daishin agar used as gelling agents, Daishin agar is more efficient in shoot regeneration.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.403-411
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• 2009

We inspected seed sizes of 353 genetic accessions of watermelon to diversify functional utility related to seed size and classified them into six representative groups based on their seed sizes. Each group was named as giant seed (GS), big seed (BS), medium size (NS), small size (SS), micro seed (MS) and tomato seed (TS) from the biggest. As the seed size was getting smaller, decreased seed length and seed width, increased seed number per fruit, and decreased seed weight per fruit were observed, but seed shape did not change significantly. In order to study the effect of seed size on fruit weight and seed germination, we developed three near isogenic lines (NILs) with three different seed sizes, SS, MS and TS, from crossing between two accessions 'NT' and 'TDR', and one NIL with seed size of TS from crossing between two accessions 'S55' and 'TDR'. In the study on the fruit weight of NILs with various seed sizes, NS, SS, MS, and TS NILs produced an average of 6.4, 6.3, 5.9, and 4.2 kg fruits, respectively. The bigger seed types showed the better germination rate. NS type showed the highest germination percentage, while TS showed very low germination percentage. Fermentation treatment for 48 hrs increased the germination percentage on TS type seed, but still remained at a low level. In NS, SS, and MS material, the ratio of embryo/whole seed weight was over 50%, meanwhile that of TS was only 44.4% of which low embryo percentage would be one of the reason of low germination percentage. From this study, we concluded that watermelon has very wide genetic diversity on seed size which is somehow related to fruit sizes and germination rate.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.2
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• pp.193-197
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• 2015

To develop superior cultivars for edible or medicinal purposes, we investigated morphological characteristics and total anthocynin contents for the fruit of 24 individuals from 4 populations in Korea. ANOVA analysis showed significant differences among populations and among individuals within population in all characteristics. The mean characteristics of the species were 8.2 mm, 7.8 mm, 0.4 g, 11.7 Brix., 7.7 ea and 474.4 mg/100 g in the fruit width, fruit length, fruit weight, soluble solids contents, number of fruit per punch and total anthocyanin contents, respectively. Especially, total anthocyanin contents (474.4 mg/100 g) of V. oldhamii showed 1.9 times higher than that of American blueberry (237.3 mg/100 g) using as control. Consequently, the investigation suggests that V. oldhamii fruits can be used to develop the functional cultivars with enhanced health benefits by the selection breeding. Selection effect with outstanding candidate trees including superior 3 individual trees was estimated at 129.6%, 109.5% and 140.5% in fruit weight, number of fruit per punch and total anthocyanin content, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.90-94
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• 2018

The 'Hongsil' strawberry ($Fragaria{\times}ananassa$ Duch.) is a new cultivar released by Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services in 2015. This cultivar originated from a 2011 cross between '802a312' and 'Okmae' and exhibited suitable fruit characteristics for export due to the high soluble solids content and firmness of the fruit. The breeding line '1116-74-15' was selected as an elite line after examining its characteristics and productivity from 2013 to 2014. A field trial of this line was conducted on a farm in 2015, and it was registered as 'Hongsil' thereafter. The 'Hongsil' strawberry demonstrates intermediate plant type and moderate vigor in growth. It is suitable for forcing culture due to its early flower bud differentiation and low chilling requirement. The soluble solids content of 'Hongsil' is $10.0^{\circ}Brix$, which is approximately $0.4^{\circ}Brix$ higher than that of 'Seolhyang' The Fruit firmness of 'Hongsil' is $13.1g{\cdot}mm^{-2}$, similar to that of 'Maehyang'. Fruits of 'Hongsil' are long conical having a red skin color and marketable yield is $4,269kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$ which is 16% higher than that of 'Maehyang'. The 'Hongsil' cultivar is sensitive to powdery mildew, and it therefore warrants further investigation regarding disease control.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.912-916
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• 2014

Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Siebold and Zucc.) is a deciduous tree of the family Rosaceae, and it has long been used as a folk remedy for cough and dyspepsia. A new cultivar 'Okjoo' was developed from a cross between 'Gyokuei' and 'Rinsyu' carried out at the National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science in 1993. It w as s elected for good shape, large size and high yield capacity in 2006, and then it was granted official patent No. 4556 in 2013. It blooms 4 days and 2 days earlier than 'Gyokuei' and 'Rinsyu', respectively. Its flower petal color is pink, and the pollen amount is negligible. Its S-genotype, determined using Polymerase Chain Reaction with a S-RNase gene-specific primer pair, is $S_3S_6$. The average optimum harvest time of 'Okjoo' is late June. The fruit is round in shape and its suture is shallow. Average fruit weight is 18.5 g, and it contains total soluble solids $7.66^{\circ}Brix$ and titratable acidity at 4.81%. Fruit skin color is green. Sometimes only the light side of the fruits seems to develop blush. The incidence levels of scab (Cladosporium carpophilum Thumen) and bacterial shot hole (Xanthomonas arboricola pv. Pruni) are quite low. Consequently, 'Okjoo' seems to be a promising new cultivar for Japanese apricot growers.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2021

This experiment was conducted to find out the possibility of use of reused rockwool and comparison of growth, productivity and quality of tomatoes according to the use of rockwool and coir medium. The experiment was conducted in an automatic controlled greenhouse at Andong National University, College of Life Science, located in Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do.. As a result of the experiment, there was no difference in the number of leaves, plant height, and leaf area between treatments, and the crown diameter was slightly higher in rockwool medium, also there was no difference between reused rockwool and coir medium. Fruit productivity showed different responses depending on the cultivation environment, but there was no significant difference between rockwool, reused rockwool and coir medium. In addition, the quality of fruit was observed to be different according to the concentration of EC in the medium. Therefore, in tomato hydroponic cultivation, there was no difference in the type of medium in growth, productivity, fruit quality and the environmental and water management had a great effect, and it is expected that the reuse of rockwool will have a positive effect on the economic point of view.