• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.221-228
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• 2007

We determined the effects of dietary manipulations on messenger RNA of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor isoforms (i.e., PPAR ${\alpha},\;{\beta}/{\delta},\;{\gamma}$) in red vastus lateralis muscle of rats. Total 16 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used, and animals were divided into one of two dietary conditions: either chow diet group (CHOW; n=8) in which animals were 134 with standard rodent chow (61.8% carbohydrate, 15.7% fat, 22.5% protein) or high fat diet group (FAT n=8) in which animals were fed 24.3% carbohydrate, 52.8% fat, 22.9% protein. At the end of the 8 weeks of experimental period, red vastus lateralis muscle was dissected out from all animals, and PPAR ${\alpha},\;{\beta}/{\delta},\;{\gamma}$ mRNA expression was determined. There was no significant difference in body mass (BM) between CHOW and FAT. As expected, blood glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) concentration was higher in FAT than CHOW (p<0.05), and lactate concentration was significantly lower in FAT compared to CHOW (p<0.05). Insulin concentration tended to higher in FAT than CHOW ($67.2{\pm}21.9\;vs.\;27.0{\pm}5.2$ pmol/L), but it did not reach to the statistical significance. Gene expression of PPAR ${\alpha}$ was not significantly different between CHOW and FAT. It was not also significantly different in PPAR ${\beta}/{\delta}$. Interestingly, expression of mRNA in PPAR ${\gamma}$ however, was markedly depressed in FAT compared to CHOW (approximately 3 fold higher in CHOW; p<0.05). Results obtained from present study implies that PPAR ${\gamma}$ (as compensatory function of PPAR ${\alpha}$ is expressed) possibly exerts another major tuning roles in fatty acid transport, utilization, as well as biosynthesis in skeletal muscle cells. The situations and conditions that can be postulated for this implication need to be further examined.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of oriental medical treatment on aged female obese patient. Methods : We experienced an aged female obese patient. We applied herbal medication(Choweseuncheng-tang), electrolipolysis, auricular acupuncture to her from 26th, March. 2007 to 25th, May. 2007. And we examined the changes of her weight, body composition, body size, skin resistance variability, visual analogue scale of knee pain. Results : 1. Her weight decreased from 73.5kg to 71.1kg and body mass index(BMI) decreased from $29.46kg/m^2$ to $28.11kg/m^2$. 2. Body fat mass(BFM) decreased from 25.7kg to 21.6kg but body muscle mass(BMM) increased from 45.1kg to 46.7kg. 3. Waist-hip ratio(WHR) decreased from 0.96 to 0.92. 4. Basal metabolic rate(BMR) increased from 1,273kcal to 1,314kcal. 5. The circumference of upper extremity decreased 1.03cm and lower extremity decreased 1.30cm but the circumference of the muscle of upper extremity increased 0.41cm and lower extremity increased 0.63cm. 6. The circumference of chest and hip are decreased. In addition to the circumference and fat of abdomen are decreased. 7. The visual analogue scale of knee pain is improved. Conclusions : According to above results, oriental medical treatment could be used safety to aged obese patients without loss of fat free mass. The study is more required to aged obese patient from now on.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.313-319
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• 2015

3-Monochloro-1,2-propanediol (3-MCPD) and 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (1,3-DCP) are not only produced in the manufacturing process of foodstuffs such as hydrolyzed vegetable proteins and soy sauce but are also formed by heat processing in the presence of fat and low water activity. 3-MCPD exists both in free and ester forms, and the ester form has been also detected in various foods. Free 3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP are classified as Group 2B by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Although there is no data confirming the toxicity of either compound in humans, their toxicity was evidenced in animal experimentation or in vitro. Although few studies have been conducted, free 3-MCPD has been shown to have neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, and carcinogenicity. In contrast, 1,3-DCP only has mutagenic activity. The purpose of this study was to analyze 3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP in various foods using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP were analyzed using phenyl boronic acid derivatization and the liquid-liquid extraction method, respectively. The analytical method for 3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP was validated in terms of linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation, accuracy and precision. Consequently, the LODs of 3-MCPD and 1,3-DCP in various matrices were identified to be in the ranges of 4.18~10.56 ng/g and 1.06~3.15 ng/g, respectively.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.413-418
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 변기에 앉아 있을 때 체성분을 효과적으로 측정할 수 있는 체임피던스 측정기(Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzer, BIA)를 개발하고, 이 시스템으로 정확한 체성분 값을 구할 수 있는 방정식을 도출하였다. 이를 위해 설계한 하드웨어고 건강한 한국인 남·여 181명의 체임피던스 값을 변기에 적합한 전극 부착 위치(손목, 허벅지)에서 획득였다. 같은 피험자를 대상으로 기존의 한국인에게 적용시 정확도의 문제를 내포하는 수중체중법의 Siri 방정식을 modified-Siri 방정식으로 적용함으로서 한국인의 제지방량 표준값을 산출하였다. 이 표준값을 기준으로 임피던스 지수, 체중, 성별로 한국인의 제지방을 예측하는 추정식을 얻었다. 제지방량의 추정값과 표준값 사이의 상관계수(r)는 0.977로 높은 관련성을 나타냈으며, SEE(Standard Error of Estimation)은 2.47kg으로 낮은 오차를 나타냈다(p<0.05). 이는 기존의 전극 부착위치인 손목과 발목을 같은 피험자에 적용하여 체임피던스에 의한 제지방량 추정식을 세울 때, 추정값과 표준값 사이의 상관계수(r = 0.978) 및 SEE(2.43kg)와 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한. 이중교차검증(Double Cross Validation)을 통해 실험에 참가하지 않은 피검자에 대한 적용 가능성도 유효한 것으로 나타나 본 논문에서 설계한 체임피던스 분석기와 추정식은 한국인의 제지방량을 산출하는데 적합한 것으로 평가되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.507-517
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of gender on the thermic effect of food and substrate oxidation rate during 5 hours after a mixed meal. Twenty healthy college students (10 males and 10 females) aged 20-26 years participated in this study. The energy contents of the experimental diets were 775 kcal and 627 kcal for males and females respectively, which were 30% of individual energy requirements and were composed of 65/15/20% as the proportion of carbohydrate/protein/fat. Resting and postprandial energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates were measured with indirect calorimetry in the fasting state and every 30 min for 5 hours after meal consumption. Thermic effects of food expressed as ${\Delta}AUC$ and TEF% were not significantly different between males and females. However, TEF% adjusted for body weight and fat-free mass in males (0.095% and 0.120%) were significantly lower than those in females (0.152% and 0.213%)(p < 0.05). The total amount of carbohydrate oxidized was significantly lower in males than that in females (58.6 vs. 86.6 mg/kcal energy intake/5 h, p < 0.05). In contrast, the total amount of fat oxidized was significantly higher in males than that in females after the meal (32.9 vs. 17.2 mg/kcal energy intake/5 h, p < 0.01). These results indicate that gender affects the thermic effects of food and the substrate oxidation rate after a meal. The results show that males use relatively less carbohydrate and more fat as an energy source after a meal than that of females.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.64-76
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of body composition, biochemical index level, resting metabolic rate and daily activities by the public health center's health-promoted program in overweight middle aged women. The workout program of 12 subjects constituted by exercise(aerobic exercise & resistance training) and nutritional education for 10 weeks. As the results, there was a significant decrease in all the weight(59.0$\pm$8.9 vs 57.2$\pm$8.3kg, p<0.05), body fat percentage(33.4$\pm$4.3 vs 30.5$\pm$4.5%, p<0.05) and body fat mass(19.8$\pm$5.4 vs 17.7$\pm$4.9kg, p<0.05) after program. Fat free mass and RMR which tend to be higher after than before program were found not to be significantly. In addition, the serum HDL-cholesterol(54.3$\pm$8.1 vs 59.7$\pm$13.9mg/dl, p<0.05) and TG level(65.2$\pm$418 vs 89.4$\pm$65.6mg/dl, p<0.05) of the subjects increased at the end of the study significantly and significant correlation found between total-cholesterol and TG before program. When the other laboratory parameter were compared before and after program, hematocrit(35.1$\pm$3.3 vs 39.7$\pm$3.3%, p<0.001), platelet(225.9$\pm$49.6 vs 244.3$\pm$49.7cell/ul, p<0.05) and fasting glucose(88.0$\pm$6.5 vs 76.6$\pm$9.7mg/dl, p<0.001) increased significantly but hemoglobin(13.3$\pm$1.3 vs 12.9$\pm$1.3mg/dl, p<0.01) decreased. And in activities analysis, 'moderate activity(18.8 vs 5.8minutes, p<0.05)' clearly showed a significant decrease but 'severe activity(17.7 vs 11.4minutes, p<0.05)' showed a increase. These results suggest that continuous health-promoted program involved exercise and nutritional education at the public health center are effective to reduce body fat and to improve resting metabolic rate(RMR). Further research is required to develop more effective public health program for the middle aged women in community.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of body composition of the elderly according to the age. This study consisted of elder male(n=48) and elder female(n=58). The average age of male elder and female elder was 73.81, 73.05 years. The data were analyzed with t-test, using SPSSWIN 10.1 program. Body composition was measured using Inbody 3.0(seoul, korea) of segmental multifrequency impedance analyzer technique. The result of this study were the following : 1. The difference of body composition according to the age 1) The MV(Muscle Volume)of male elder was significant difference among group(p<.05). The MV of female elder was very significant difference among group(p<.01). 2) The %FAT of male elder and female elder was no significant difference among group. 3) The FFM(Free Fat Mass)of male elder was significant difference among group(p<.05). The FFM of female elder was very significant difference among group(p<.01). 4) The TBW(Total Body Water)of male elder was significant difference among group(p<.05) The TBW of female elder was very significant difference among group(p<.01). 5) The WHR(Waist to Hip Ratio)of male elder was significant difference among group(p<.05). The WHR of female elder was very significant difference among group(p<.01).

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2016

Obesity is a growing health problem that many countries face, mostly due to the consumption of a Westernized diet. In this present study we observed the effects of a soybean extract fermented by Bacillus subtilis MORI (BTD-1) containing 1-deoxynojirimycin against high fat diet-induced obesity. The results obtained from this study indicated that BTD-1 reduced body weight, regulated hepatic lipid content and adipose tissue, and also affected liver antioxidant enzymes and glucose metabolism. These results suggest that administration of BTD-1 affects obesity by inhibiting hyperglycemia and free radical-mediated stress; it also reduces lipid accumulation. Therefore, BTD-1 may be potentially useful for the prevention of obesity and its related secondary complications.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.3973-3981
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• 2015

본 연구는 미생물 유래 베타-글루칸의 항비만 효과를 검증하기 위하여 동물실험을 통해 식이 베타-글루칸이 체지방 형성과 혈중 지질에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Sprague-Dawley종 흰쥐를 6주간 고지방 식이로 사육하여 비만을 유도한 후 베타-글루칸을 각각 식이 무게의 0%(고지방 대조군), 0.1%, 0.5%로 함유한 식이로 5주간 사육하였다. 정상 대조군은 AIN-76A 식이로 사육하였다. 고지방식이군에서 단위체중당 체지방이 많았으며, 0.1% 베타-글루칸 공급은 고지방 식이에 의해 유도된 복막지방, 내장지방 축적을 각각 16%와 19% 억제하였고, 혈중 렙틴을 28% 감소시켰다(P<0.05). 정상 대조군과 비교하여 고지방 대조군의 평균 지방세포 크기는 1.7배 높았으며, 베타-글루칸 섭취군에서는 감소하여 정상대조군 수준으로 낮아졌다(P<0.05). 0.1% 베타-글루칸 섭취에 의해 혈청 유리지방산 농도는 19% 감소하였고, 반면 HDL 콜레스테롤 50% 증가하였다(P<0.05). 결론적으로 베타-글루칸 공급은 렙틴과 같은 호르몬 분비와 지단백질 대사 변화로 지질 대사 개선을 유도하고 체지방 형성과 축적을 억제하는 것으로 보인다. 본 연구 결과 베타-글루칸은 고지방 식사에 기인하는 비만과 이상지혈증 개선에 도움이 되는 기능성 식품 소재로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.292-309
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to verify the validity of Mealworms as a hospital meal with increased nutrition density. We provided a meal for postoperative patients and conducted analysis of dietary intake and nutritional status of patients and assessment of acceptability of the meal. This study was carried out as a randomized control trial. Patients were supplied either a hospital meal using Mealworms (Experimental group) or a regular hospital meal (Control group). We investigated the administration amounts of parenteral nutrition (PN) and food intake of patients after surgery and measured anthropometry, body composition, and blood tests before surgery and at hospital discharge. We included 34 postoperative patients who were admitted to Gangnam Severance Hospital from March to September. In the groups of patients not supplied with PN, the experimental group ($964.68{\pm}284.6kcal$, $38.82{\pm}12.9g$) had significantly higher dietary calorie and protein intake than the control group ($666.62{\pm}153.7kcal$, $24.47{\pm}4.9g$)(P<0.05). Additionally in the group of patients not supplied with PN, the experimental group (1.37%) showed a significantly higher increase in fat free mass index than the control group (-3.46%)(P<0.05). In all subjects, calorie density and protein density were significantly higher in the experimental group (P<0.001), and acceptability of calorie (P=0.036) and protein (P=0.001) was also significantly higher in the experimental group. Therefore, the results of this study support the validity of the introduction of hospital meals using Mealworms.