• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.421-430
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• 2021

It is necessary to pay attention to the appearance of word-initial glottalization among social classes. The higher the academic ability, the more formal it is, the more likely it is to avoid word-initial glottalization due to the psychological factors that are close to the English pronunciation. The purpose of this study is to prove and clarify this through experimental research and the Praat voice analysis program. In previous discussions on word-initial glottalization, there have been various discussions such as strengthening expressions, the conclusion of competition of modern society, Korean historical analysis, differences in Korean and English phonetics, and attempts to regularize the pronunciation of loanwords. In this paper, it was revealed that the higher the academic ability, the weaker the pronunciation of loanwords word-initial glottalization appears in formal and formal situations, by using experimental research and voice analysis program Praat. The presence or absence of pronunciation of the initial specification of loanwords acts as a psychological base for expressing one's status and hierarchy.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2012

VANET(Vehicular Ad-hoc Network) is a kind of ad hoc networks consist of intelligence vehicular ad nodes, and has become a hot emerging research project in many fields. It provide traffic safety, cooperative driving and etc. but has also some security problems that can be occurred in general ad hoc networks. Also, in VANET, vehiculars sho uld be able to authenticate each other to securely communicate with network-based infrastructure, and their location s and identifiers should not be exposed from the communication messages. This paper explains V2I authentication pr otocol using a hash function that preserves the user privacy. In addition, we analyze the security stability of the V2I authentication protocol using Casper in the formal verification technique. As a result, V2I authentication protocol us ing hash function prove a stability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.40
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• pp.137-147
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• 1998

Fahion as the form construction of decon-structivistic architecture was analyzed by dividing it into the intrinsic aspect and the formal aspect through an introduction of three characteristic architectural principles into fashion. Intrinsic deconstructivistic fashion as the construction of architectural form has the mixurte of genders both in a form of transvestic and in a form of genderless look as dualism, and can be characterized by pluralistic nationlism with the emergence of the Third World alienated from the international society, and so forth. Difference and the prefixes of dis-and de- are schizophrenic mystic illusionism, chance effect and the differance of space and time and is supporting Jacques Derrida's chiasmus that is the perspective of collage in painting and the multiple observation of collage in painting and the multiple observation point as the play of borrowing the surrealistic technique. The formal construction of deconstructivistic fashion the construction of architectural form has intertextuality material, hybridization of items and the blending of modes and another sphere. Trace as icon deconstrucion attains historical analysis. Dis and de in fashion are showing the retrogre-ssion of gravity through decomposition, decon-tinuity and disjunction emerge nonstructural silho-uette, juxtaposition, inversion and replace- ment of underwear and outer garments. Their decentring expression emerged as construction through mixture and repetition as well as overlapping of planes or spaces. And their disjuctive representation appeared in the form of mutual juxtaposition and substitution with the double-side of formal construction in functional terms.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.8-21
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• 2005

The purpose at this study was to analyze and to position the clothing images at women's formal wear brands carried by at least two department stores in Daejon, for providing data for a basic marketing strategy for fashion manufacturers and distributors. The results tram the study were as tallows; The brand that showed the highest classic image was 'BCBG'(83.6%), the brand that showed the highest feminine image was 'Obzee' (80.2%), the brand that showed the highest character image was 'Doho' (84.1%), and the brand that showed the highest mannish image was 'F.Station' (64.1%). On the brands image positioning map, brands, such as 'Deco', 'Mine', 'Time', and 'Anne Klein', lying on or near the point of intersection (where the vertical and horizontal axes meet) showed 4 types. They were 'smart & chic cluster', 'charming & luxury cluster', 'character elegance cluster', and 'sportive elegance cluster' that showed compound images. These clusters would be differentiated tram young casual lines by emphasizing the brands' shape and cut, higher quality fabrics and materials, and elegant and graceful colors. Analysis of target ages and tweed jacket prices for brands carried by at least two department stores showed that the target was between 23 and 50, and that the prices range from 198,000 won to 460,000 won.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.55-56
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to analyse body and cosmetic image according to women's sex role identity. The subjects of this study were 433 women over 20 years old. Self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. SPSS(Ver. 15.0) was used for mean, median, frequency, percentages, factor analysis, and one-way ANOVA. The results of this study were as followed; First, women were clustered into 4 groups according to their sex role identity. 36.5% was classified as an androgynous group, 32.4% was a undifferentiated group, 16.1% was a masculine group, and 15.0% was a feminine group. Second, factors of women's body image were interest in appearance, interest in weight, and charming of appearance. Factors of cosmetic image were natural & sociable, urban & intellect, passionate, romantic, prestige & sophisticate, fashionable & splender, active, feminine, and formal. Third, Androgynous group showed much interests in appearance and charming of appearance, but undifferentiated group had low interests. Androgynous group pursued natural & sociable, urban & intellect, passionate, romantic, prestige & sophisticate, fashionable & splendor, active, feminine, and formal images most when they applied make-ups. Masculine group pursued urban & intellect and active images much and femme group pursued natural & sociable, feminine, and formal images much. However undifferentiated group pursued all factors of cosmetic images less. Forth, androgynous group applied more kinds of cosmetics, but undifferentiated group applied less.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.87-95
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• 2016

Objectives : Traditional medicine(TM) of East Asia has been taking its status as part of complementary and alternative medicine(CAM) in the UK. However, the efficacy and safety issues make it hard to be accepted in the healthcare system. The aim of the research is to find out the current status of TM of East Asia in the UK and to discuss some issues around its acceptance as formal healthcare method. Methods : Articles, books and regulations related to the acceptance of TM of East Asia were analysed and the internet websites were visited such as Westlaw UK for legal materials, government websites for formal documents, and some UK-based associations. Keyword searches were followed and the essential parts from the articles and documents were generalised for the analysis and discussion. Results : Issues over TM of East Asia include identity as medicine, efficacy and safety, and the statutory regulation can be a measure for the acceptance. Osteopathy and chiropractic therapies came under statutory regulation among the CAM in the UK. Conclusions : TM of East Asia could be under the statutory regulation in the near future. Efficacy and safety issues are the challenging barrier. However, the approach from the viewpoint of TM of East Asia is necessary for development and good practice. The simplified registration procedure for traditional herbal medicinal product in EU can be the model. Education, evaluation, assessment and managing quality of practice are essential for the standard care and formal regulation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.244-254
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was performed to analyze effects of the power and empowerment on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. This study was based on the Kanter's theory of organizational empowerment. Method: A predictive, non-experimental design was used to test the model in a sample of 688 nurses working in 7 university hospitals that have over 500 beds in Seoul, Kyunggi and Kangwon provinces. The data were collected from December, 2003 to January, 2004. It was analyzed with descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation of SPSS and with path analysis of LISREL. Result: The formal and informal power had direct effects on empowerment. Formal power also had direct effects on informal power. Empowerment had direct effects on job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Organizational commitment had direct effects on job satisfaction. There was positive effects in all of the variables. Conclusion: The positive changes show on personal behaviors and attitudes when the nurses who have formal and informal power are empowered. These findings would be important resource to nurse administrators for clinical implication.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.332-339
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• 2008

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is an important part of infrastructures in ubiquitous computing. Although all products using tags is a target of these services, these products also are a target of attacking on user privacy and services using authentication problem between user and merchant, unfortunately. Presently, it is very important about security mechanism of RFID system and in this paper, we analyze the security protocol among many kinds of mechanisms to solve privacy and authentication problem using formal verification and propose a modified novel protocol. In addition, the possibility of practical implementation for proposed protocol will be discussed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.83-92
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• 2019

Purpose - This research is to verify job fitness, empowerment, and recognition of career development support having the influence on formation of occupational identity in Korean food franchise distribution company. Research design, data, and methodology - Total 600 copies have been distributed and 394 copies have been collected, the covariance structure analysis has been implemented to verify the presented research hypothesis. Results - Demand fit and competency fit being the lower level of job fitness appeared not to have significant influence on occupational identity, and also these do not have the significant influence on the empowerment. Even though formal career development support being lower level of career development recognition appeared to have significant influence on empowerment, nonformal career development support appeared not to have significant influence on empowerment. Formal career development support and nonformal career development support appeared to have significant influence on occupational identity. Finally, empowerment appeared to have significant influence on occupational identity. Conclusions - It is implied that the psychological and subjective success felt in employee's career course may be improved by the job related job fitness, the initiative being individual characteristic and formal and formless career development support being organizational characteristic.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.14 no.1 s.33
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• pp.55-67
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• 1990

This is a review on the longitudinal transformation of the Japanese trousers, which is prepared as a pre-study for the comparative analysis of the forms of Korean and Japanese folk trousers. The special traits of the Japanese trousers are found to be as follows: 1) The Japanese trousers seem to have their root in the Northern-Asian or Schithian culture. 2) While the ancient forms of Japanese trousers, esp., those of the 8C before include the same types as Korean folk trousers, the Medieval and Recent era trousers quite differ and transform themselves into the unique Japanese type. 3) All Japanese trousers can largely be classified into formal and functional trousers. Formal trousers play important role as one of the ceremonial wardrobe and are treated rather as an outermost-wear than as an inner-wear. 4) The formal trousers have skirt-like features with much fullness as are presented in many deep pleats, long crotch lines and long sashes connected to the belt; the femine trousers even omit crotch line. 5) The principal forms of Japanese trousers consist of I, $\wedge,\;\wedge$; the $\lambda$ form of Korean and Chinese type had never existed. 6) Varieties of the composite type of Japanese-Western style appear among the trousers of recent time.