• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2002

During the operation of Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion Boiler, defluidization is mainly caused by the formation of clinker. The clinker is made of components of Si, Fe, Ca, etc. However, although the defluidization is widely researched, the major factor has not been validated yet clearly. In this study, in the view of the shape and the arrangement of nozzles at a distributor (type 1, type 2), the formation of clinker is examined by CFD calculations and an improved nozzle design is proposed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2011

Simulated Moving Bed(SMB) process consists of multiple chromatographic columns, which are usually partitioned into four zones. Such a process characteristic allows a continuous binary separations those are impracticable in conventional batch chromatographic processes. Compared with batch chromatography, SMB has advantages of continuity, high purity and productivity. Various researches have been reported for the integration of reaction and recovery during process operation on the purpose of economics and effectiveness. Simulated Moving Bed Reactor(SMBR) is introduced to combine SMB as a continuous separation process and reactor. Several cases of SMBR have been reported for diverse reactions with catalytic, enzymatic and chemical reaction on ion exchange resin as main streams. With an early type of fixed bed using catalyst, SMBR has been developed as SMB using fluidized enzyme, SMB with immobilized enzyme and SMB with discrete reaction region. For simple modeling and optimization of SMBR, a method considering convection only is possible. A complex method considering axial dispersion and mass transfer resistance is needed to explain the real behavior of solutes in SMBR. By combining reaction and separation, SMBR has benefits of lower installation cost by minimizing equipment use, higher purity and yield by avoiding the equilibrium restriction in case of reversible reaction.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2006

To improve the type error of osmotic tablet which is one of the drug delivery system, osmotic granule could be manufactured by fluidized bed coating. It has drug layer containing different amount of osmogant and is coated with membrane including different types of binder. We confirmed that the morphology of osmotic granule was different at each coating step. The more mont of osmotic agent, the faster drug release was observed due to increasing the driving force for drug release from osmotic granule. And drug release from osmotic granule coated with membrane using different types of binder was differed by solubility of binders to water. The formation of pore in membrane was confirmed by SEM and DSC Membrane using water soluble binder released more amount of drug. From these results, we assured that difference of osmotic pressure between the inside and the outside of granule and porosity of membrane have an effect on drug release from osmotic granule.

• Clean Technology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.464-468
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• 2013

In this study, in order to increase solid content of coal water fuel (CWF), various experimental parameters (i.e., coal type, additive, particle size distribution, drying method) were evaluated. To investigate the drying method, specimen is compared to using flash dry, fluidized bed dry and oil deposit stabilized coal. Difference of the solid content between low rank coal and high rank coal in this case indicate that high rank coal exhibits more higher than 20% of the solid cotent. And specimen for dispersibility was prepared by using dispersing agent of 4 types. As a result, using the dispersing agent was shown 5% higher in sold content than the case of not using the dispersing agent. Efficiency of CWF was improved by using fine coal of 80% in the particle size distribution of coal. Result of CWF using drying methods of 3 types, oil deposit stabilized (ODS) coal dried and stabilized was effective 12% higher in sold content than raw coal.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.1739-1744
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• 2008

Non-toxic orgarnic inorgarnic complex green pigment using Fluidized Bed Vapor Deposition(FB-VD) process was developed to alternate green pigment used heavy metals chrome and lead in present domestic. Kaolin materials and $CaCO_3$ were used as supporter of pigment and surface and compositions of supporters were characterized by SEM and EDXS, respectively. Various kind of surface active agents(surfactants) were also used to optimize the dry condition or color revelation. Results showed that anion type surfactant is most suitable for dry and color revelation of pigment.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2007

Venlafaxine, 1-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl] cyclohexanol hydrochloride is a novel, nontricyclic antidepressant. venlafaxine is a unique antidepressant that differs structurally from other currently available. The aim ot the study was to formulate sustained-release venlafaxine granules and assess their formulation variables. It consists of two layers, venlafaxine drug layer and sustained release coating layer and manufactured by fluidized bed process. The sustained release of drug could be increased by double-control rising various components in venlafaxine drug layer and sustained-release layer. The drug-containing granules were coated with cellulose acetate, cetyl alcohol and Eudragit RS along with plastisizer such as dibuthyl sebacate as an nano-pore former The release oi venlafaxine depended on the type of Eudragit such as RS, and RL used in the formulation of controlled release layer. These results obtained clearly suggest that the sustained release oral delivery system for venlafaxine could be designed with satisfying drug release profile approved.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.113.2-113.2
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• 2010

세라믹 필터는 여러 종류의 분진제거 시스템에서 연소 배가스 정제를 위한 가장 적절한 소재로 알려져 있다. 현재까지 다양한 형태의 세라믹 필터가 개발되고 있는데, 캔들 타입(candle type), 튜브 타입(tubular type), 평판 타입(parallel flow type) 등이 그 예이다. 통상적으로 세라믹 캔들 필터는 가압유동층복합발전(PFBC, Pressurize Fluidized-Bed Combustion), 석탄가스화복합발전(IGCC, Integrated coal Gasification Combined Cycle), 석탄가스화연료전지복합발전(IGFC, Integrated coal Gasification Fuel cell Combined cycle)에서 고온 배가스 정제용으로 사용되고 있다. 일반적으로 IGCC나 CTL 합성가스 정제시스템의 경우에는 높은 고압(약 25기압)과 미세분진이 함유되어 있는 분위기에서 운전된다. 그러므로 이때 사용되는 초청정용 세라믹 집진필터는 고온, 고압 및 부식 환경에서 50 MPa 이상을 갖는 높은 강도와 내식성을 갖도록 개발되어야 하기 때문에 SiC(Silicon Carbide)가 가장 적절한 캔들 필터 소재로 적용되고 있다. 이에 따라 집진용 SiC 세라믹 캔들 필터를 개발하기 위해서는 고온에서 내산화성이 우수하고, 부피팽창에 의한 균열이 발생하지 않는 무기결합재의 선정 및 이를 통한 소재의 특성 최적화가 가장 중요한 부분이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 래밍성형 공정을 적용하여 1m급 탄화규소 세라믹 캔들 필터 시작품을 제조하였으며, 래밍성형 공정 이외에 정수압가압성형, 진공압출성형으로 제조되고 있는 세라믹 캔들 필터의 국내외 시장 및 그 전망을 분석하였다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.109.2-109.2
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• 2010

세라믹 필터는 여러 종류의 분진제거 시스템에서 연소 배가스 정제를 위한 가장 적절한 소재로 알려져 있다. 현재까지 다양한 형태의 세라믹 필터가 개발되고 있는데, 캔들 타입(candle type), 튜브 타입(tubular type), 평판 타입(parallel flow type) 등이 그 예이다. 통상적으로 세라믹 캔들 필터는 가압유동층복합발전(PFBC, Pressurize Fluidized-Bed Combustion), 석탄가스화복합발전(IGCC, Integrated coal Gasification Combined Cycle), 석탄가스화연료전지복합발전(IGFC, Integrated coal Gasification Fuel cell Combined cycle)에서 고온 배가스 정제용으로 사용되고 있다. 일반적으로 IGCC나 CTL 합성가스 정제시스템의 경우에는 높은 고압(약 25기압)과 미세분진이 함유되어 있는 분위기에서 운전된다. 그러므로 이때 사용되는 초청정용 세라믹 집진필터는 고온, 고압 및 부식 환경에서 50 MPa 이상을 갖는 높은 강도와 내식성을 갖도록 개발되어야 하기 때문에 SiC(Silicon Carbide)가 가장 적절한 캔들 필터 소재로 적용되고 있다. 이에 따라 집진용 SiC 세라믹 캔들 필터를 개발하기 위해서는 고온에서 내산화성이 우수하고, 부피팽창에 의한 균열이 발생하지 않는 무기결합재의 선정 및 이를 통한 소재의 특성 최적화가 가장 중요한 부분이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 IGCC나 CTL 공정에 적용하기 위한 SiC 캔들 필터 소재 개발을 위해 래밍성형 공정으로 1m급의 탄화규소 캔들 필터 시작품을 제작하여 SiC 출발입자 크기와 무기계 결합재인 스트론튬 카보네이트의 첨가량 변화에 따른 필터 소재의 특성 평가를 수행하였다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.245-251
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• 1988

Thermolysin was immobilized on Dowex MWA-1 with 10% glutaraldehyde and incorpo rated into a fluidized-bed continuous coagulation scheme to make Cheddar type cheese. The activity yield of thermolysin was 25%. The immobillized thermolysin was stable at $60^{\circ}C$ in the presence of 1/200M calcium ions and the half-life value is 16 days at the temperature. Raw milk alkalified to pH 7.0 was passed through a column of thermolysin beads at $55^{\circ}C$, cultivated with Streptococcus cremoris and allowed to coagulate. A typical milk curd was formed to make Cheddar type cheese, avoiding troublesome microbial contamination successfully during continuous hydrolysis process. During ripening of this cheese for 6 months at $10^{\circ}C$, its ripening ratio and taste were similar to those of cheese prepared by the traditional method.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 1998

A neutralized fabric filter of which major raw materials were polyester and stainless steel fibers was developed and its physiochemical properties and basic filter characteristics were investigated. Four finds of dusts generated in the typical domestic industry were used, which were coke dust from a steel manufacturing process, cement dust from a cement manufacturing process, flu ash from a fluidized-bed combustor, and incinerator ash from a waste plastics incinerator. The physicochemical properties of the neutralized fabric filter were analyzed in terms of changes in tensile strength and initial elastic modulus under $SO_2$ and $NO_2$ atmospheres, mean flow pore pressure, bubble point pore diameter, mean flow pore diameter, and pore size distribution. In addition, the pressure drop, dust penetration, and figure of merit for the fabric filter were investigated in a bench-scale filter testing unit. The pressure drop increased as the filtration velocity and dust loading increased, and its increasing shape depended on the type of dust. The dust penetration rapidly decreased as the dust loading increased irrespective of the type of dust. The figures of merit for the fabric filters increased in the early stage of filtration and then showed rapid decreases followed maintaining a constant level.