• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.48-53
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 막걸리 양조업체에서 주로 사용되고 있는 발효제인 입국과 개량누룩을 이용한 막걸리 술덧 양조 시 발효성 당 함량의 분석방법간 결과 비교를 통하여 다수의 막걸리 양조업체에서 발효성 당 분석 시 적용하고 있는 굴절계 분석 방법의 정확도 검증 및 HPLC 분석결과를 기준으로 DNS법, 펠링법, 포도당 키트를 사용한 분석결과와의 유의성 검정을 통하여 분석방법간 차이를 확인함으로써 영세 규모 막걸리 양조업체에서도 정밀 분석 장비를 사용하지 않고 용이하게 발효성 당 분석을 실시할 수 있는 분석방법 적용에 대한 근거를 제시하고자 하였다. DNS법과 펠링법은 발효성 당 분석 기준으로 설정한 HPLC 분석 결과와 가장 유사한 결과를 나타내었으나 포도당 키트와 굴절계를 사용한 분석결과는 HPLC 분석 결과와 큰 차이를 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다. 특히, 굴절계를 사용한 분석 결과의 경우 발효 전주기를 통하여 경시적 변화가 확인되지 않았으며, 발효성 당이 대부분 소비되는 발효 말기에도 매우 높은 당도를 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서, 현재 다수의 막걸리 양조업체에서 발효성 당 분석 시 적용하고 있는 굴절계를 이용한 당도 분석은 적합하지 않으며, 술덧 발효 관리 시 오류를 발생시킬 수 있는 가능성이 매우 클 수 있으므로 분광광도계와 같은 별도의 분석 장비를 사용하지 않고 용이하게 발효성 당 분석을 실시할 수 있는 펠링법의 적용이 양조업체에서 적용할 수 있는 가장 정확하고 효율적인 방법으로 볼 수 있다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

A novel brown rot fungus Phaeolus schweinitzii IUM 5048 was firstly used for ethanol production. It was found that this fungus produced ethanol with various sugars, such as glucose, mannose, galactose and cellobiose at 0.28, 0.22, 0.06, and 0.22 g of ethanol per g of sugar consumed, respectively. This fungus showed relatively good ethanol production from xylose at 0.23 g of ethanol per g of sugar consumed. However, the ethanol conversion rate of arabinose was relatively low (at 0.08 g of ethanol per g sugar). P. schweinitzii was capable of producing ethanol directly from rice straw and corn stalks at 0.11 g and 0.13 g of ethanol per g of substrates, respectively, when the fungus was cultured in a basal medium supplemented with 20 g/L rice straw or corn stalks. These results suggest that P. schweinitzii can hydrolyze cellulose or hemicellulose to fermentable sugars and convert them to ethanol simultaneously under oxygen limited condition.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.183-194
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• 2011

This study reviewed on the research trend of sources and utilization of the byproducts(Lignin) from bioethanol production process with lignocellulosic biomass such as wood, agri-processing by-products(corn fiber, sugarcane bagasse etc.) and energy crops(switch grass, poplar, Miscanthus etc.). During biochemical conversion process, only Cellulose and hemicellulosic fractions are converted into fermentable sugar, but lignin which represents the third largest fraction of lignocellulosic biomass is not convertible into fermentable sugars. It is therefore extremely important to recover and convert biomass-derived Lignin into high-value products to maintain economic competitiveness of cellulosic ethanol processes. It was introduced that lignin types and characteristics were different from various isolation methods and biomass sources. Also utilization and potentiality for market of those were discussed.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.85-97
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 담수녹조류인 그물말(Hydrodictyon reticulatum, HR)을 산업바이오 자원으로서 활용하는 방안을 강구하고자 일차적으로 효소당화의 용이성을 검토하였다. HR에 대하여 효소당화를 2% 고형분 함량에서 동일조건으로 수행했을 때, 다른 종류의 바이오매스(Spirulina, Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Cladophora, Corn stover)보다 glucose 수득율이 가장 높았다. HR을 분말화하지 않아도 최적조건의 효소처리량에서 당화가 모두 이루어지며, HR 당화용액의 citrate buffer strength가 0.1mM까지 낮아도 당수득율에 큰 지장이 없었다. 또한 HR을 고온의 전처리없이 실온상태에서 바로 당화시켜도 $120^{\circ}C$ 처리에 비해 10% 미만의 당화율 감소만 나타내었다. 발효균주의 일반적인 생장적온인 $37^{\circ}C$ 또는 pH 6.5에서도 당화가 정상적으로 잘 일어나 당화/발효를 동시에 진행시킬 수 있는 바이오매스로의 특징을 보였다. 효소량을 기준량의 1/10정도 줄여도 최적조건의 70~80%에 해당하는 glucose 수득율을 나타내었다. 그리고 본 실험조건에서 HR의 고형분 함량 10%까지 당수득율이 떨어지지 않았고 15%이상되어야 감소하기 시작하여 고농도 당용액 생산에도 좋은 특성을 나타내었다. 이들의 제반 결과는 HR이 당화가 매우 쉽게 일어나는 특징을 가진 조류 바이오매스임을 나타내준다. 이러한 장점뿐만 아니라 수집하기가 매우 용이한 사상조류(flilamentous algae)이기 때문에 다른 종류의 조류 바이오매스에 비해 바이오화학제품 생산을 위한 원료로서 향후 이용가치가 매우 높을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.107-110
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• 1992

배추에서 발효성당을 0%, 30%, 58% 그리고 74% 제거한 후 김치를 제조하여, 초기당함량에 따른 산생성량을 알아보았으며 유통기간을 예측할 수 있는 식을 유도하였다. 김치의 적숙기에서의 산도인 0.75%를 김치에서 생성되는 데 소요되는 기간(T)을 보면 초기당함량(So)이 2.30%, 0.97%, 0.60%인 김치에서 각각 2일, 7일, 12일이었다. 이 관계를 T=-16.82 LogSo +7.66으로 표현하였다. 또한 배추에서 80%까지 발효성당을 제거할 경우 김치에서 최대 0.8% 정도의 산을 생성하므로써 본 연구에서의 유통기간 설정기준인 총산도 생성량으로 $25^{\circ}C$에서 30일 이상 보존 가능하였으나 관능적으로는 다소 우수하지 못하였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.204-204
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• 2018

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2012

Pre-pulping extracts were found to contain a dilute amount of xylo-oligosaccharides and acetic acid as the major components, and many minor components including other organic acids, lignin-derived phenolics, and sugar degradation products. Once separated from the pulp, a secondary hydrolysis step was required to hydrolyze oligomeric hemicellulose sugars into monomeric sugars before fermentation. The following study detailed the extent of hemicellulose recovery by pre-pulping using hot water extraction and characterized the hydrolysis of the extract with respect to comparing acid and enzymatic hydrolysis. The secondaryhydrolysis of hot water extracts made at an H-Factor of 800 was tested for a variety of acid and enzyme loading levels using the sulfuric acid and xylanases. The maximum fermentable sugar yield from acid and enzyme hydrolysis of the extract was 18.7 g/${\ell}$ and 17.7 g/${\ell}$ representing 84.6% and 80.1% of the maximum possible yield, respectively.

• Carbon letters
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Lignocellulosic biomass conversion to biofuels such as ethanol and other value-added bio-products including activated carbons has attracted much attention. The development of an efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly pretreatment process is a major challenge in lignocellulosic biomass to biofuel conversion. Although several modern pretreatment technologies have been introduced, few promising technologies have been reported. Microwave irradiation or microwave-assisted methods (physical and chemical) for pretreatment (disintegration) of biomass have been gaining popularity over the last few years owing to their high heating efficiency, lower energy requirements, and easy operation. Acid and alkali pretreatments assisted by microwave heating meanwhile have been widely used for different types of lignocellulosic biomass conversion. Additional advantages of microwave-based pretreatments include faster treatment time, selective processing, instantaneous control, and acceleration of the reaction rate. The present review provides insights into the current research and advantages of using microwave-assisted pretreatment technologies for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fermentable sugars in the process of cellulosic ethanol production.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.317-322
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• 2011

Ulva pertusa is one of the worst pollutant like a waste vinyl after agriculture and caused bad smell at seashore in Jejudo and south area of korean peninsular. For favorable environmental utilization of Ulva pertusa, it could be applied for ethanol production with its acid hydrolysate. The components of hydrolysate included fermentable sugar of glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, and higher amounts of unfermentable rhamnose. Fermentable sugars were converted to ethanol with S. cerevisiae, also xylose to ethanol with P. stipitis, their maximun ethanol production at optimum conditions were 462 ${\mu}g$/mL and 475 ${\mu}g$/mL, respectively. While, rhamnose cannot be changed to ethanol with S. cerevisiae or P. stipitis, alone. Combination of S. cerevisiae and P. stipitis can convert rhamnose to ethanol, because P.stipitis degradaded rhamnose to pyruvate, and then S. cerevisiae convert to ethanol, at optimum conditions, ethanol reached to 782 ${\mu}g$/mL (30.24%) that is higher than that of 2 strain alone from 500 mg of dried Ulva pertusa contained 2586.45 ${\mu}g$/mL of reduced sugars. Ulva pertusa can be utilized for renewal energy insted of environmenatal enemy.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2012

Among various pretreatment processes for bioethanol production, extrusion pretreatment, one of cheap and simple process was investigated to efficiently produce fermentable sugars from micro alga, Chlorella sp. The biomass was pretreated in a single screw extruder at five different barrel temperatures of 45, 50, 55, 60 and $65^{\circ}C$, respectively with five screw rotation speed of 10, 50, 100, 150 and 200 rpm. The pretreated biomass was reacted with two different hydrolyzing enzymes of cellulase and amyloglucosidase since the biomass contained different types of carbohydrates, compared to cellulose of agricultural by-products such wheat and corn stovers, etc. In general, higher glucose conversion yield was obtained as 13.24 (%, w/w) at $55^{\circ}C$ of barrel temperature and 100 rpm of screw speed conditions. In treating 5 FPU/glucan of cellulase and 150 Unit/mL of amyloglucosidase, ca. 64% of cellulose and 40% of polysaccharides in the micro alga were converted into glucose, which was higher yields than those from other reported data without applying an extrusion process. 84% of the fermentable sugars obtained from the hyrolyzing processes were fermented into ethanol in considering 50% of theoretical maximum fermentation yield of the yeast. These results implied that high speed extrusion could be suitable as a pretreatment process for the production of bioethanol from Chlorella sp.