• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.14-25
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• 2009

This Study is purposed to comparative analysis in the case of balanced with Ethnic image fashion and the event of an unbalanced between fashion and make-up and to reconfigure on the make-up of the features on the Ethnic image Fashion in the 21st century. The result of this study is as follows. First, in the case of Japanese ethnic image make-up, to emphasize applied forms and formative characterization, they generally use circles and horizontal lines. Also the harmony between Japanese image make-up and primary colors like white and red strengthen ethnic images better. In the event of an unbalance between fashion and image make-up, fashion occurs dynamically in Africa and linearly in China. Sexy & natural image make-up also widely appear in the modern view. Second, in the case of African ethnic make-up balanced with African image fashion, the form is repeatedly dotted, widely water-colored, and mattedly textured using ash make-up colors such as white, red, gold, gray and so forth. African image make-up strongly expresses primitive natural beauty adding primal tribal painting art and mask forms. In case of an unbalance between fashion and image make-up, no distinctive ethnic image make-up appears. To emphasize natural patterns as well as splendid & decorative fashion, they try not to use primary colors, but instead focus on natural make-up and monotone colored point make-up, sexy make-up, avant-garde make-up, goth make-up, romantic make-up, glossy make-up.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.72-83
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to understand the history of 20th century fashion and make-up culture, analyze trend of the modern fashion and make-up, creat a cyber make-up model according to themes and also it will find out how to use make-up as a part of fashion genre. As a result of this study is 1. Looking over change-process in 20th century fashion and make-up history, we can find the popular make-up color and pattern reflecting the society and cultural environments. And also make-up culture reflecting their sense of values and way of thinkings. 2. Analyzing fashion and make up color trend of 2002 F/W, we can find a similarity between fashion and make-up color trend by comparing with hue&tone chart. All of theme have a tendency to be natural, veiled, feminine by neutral color and artifical highlighted, illuminate, transparant by clear-high saturation color. 3. Creating imagemaps, color palletes and cyber model of 4 trend themes by computer graphic, It can give more visual and interesting effect on the cyber space, and also it can help to expect make-up will be dizitalized, visualized and informationalized.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.6 s.115
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• pp.71-86
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• 2007

Affinity between a creative and experimental fashion design and a Fashion Make-up expressed in John Galliano's Collection was analysed to examine the harmony between Beauty and Fashion. This approach may establish the link between the Fashion Make-up analysed in view of Aesthetics and aesthetic characteristics of a fashion design that a fashion designer pursues. The Fashion Make-up plays a significant role to express a relevance to a design spirit because it is a visual text that a audience faces easily in a collection leading the style. Under the proposition that collection is understood as a popular culture as the fashion is preferential and popular, the Fashion Make-up can be analysed in the aspect of aesthetics. The characteristics reflecting the popularity of popular culture, such as the comic, the erotic, the fantastic and the sentimental are used to analyse and interpret the Fashion Make-up. The fashion design and Fashion Make-up with one characteristics or combined ones showing uniqueness in the popular culture are compared and analyzed.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.157-169
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to analyze clothing fashion leadership and make-up fashion leadership of women's university students and investigate the relationships of information sources and ongoing information search. To achieve the purposes, a questionnaire was conducted to 400 female students from September 21 to October 30, 2011. The final data was analyzed with spss 17.0 program. The results were follows. First, It was found that information sources were classified 3 factors of marketer source, personal source, and mass media source. Second, there were significant differences of clothing fashion leadership and make-up fashion leadership by major and clothes and cosmetics purchasing expenses. Third, there were significant differences of clothing information sources and ongoing information search by major and clothes and cosmetics purchasing expenses. Forth, there were significant differences of make-up information sources and ongoing information search by major and clothes and cosmetics purchasing expenses. Fifth, there were significant relations of clothing/make-up fashion leadership, information sources, and ongoing information search. Thus, it was found that clothing fashion leadership and make-up fashion leadership are related to information sources and ongoing information search.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.106-121
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to classify the attitudes toward fast fashion into groups and analyze the differences of the self-consciousness, and make-up behavior by groups. Questionnaires are being administered from 179 high school girls living in Deagu metropolitan City. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncant-test, and ${\chi}^2$-test are all used for data analysis. Our findings are as follows. The attitude toward fast fashion shows a significant correlation with the sub-variable self-consciousness and make-up behavior. Attitude toward fast fashion is being categorized into convenience focus, fashion focus, design focus, and season focus. Self-consciousness is social self-consciousness, social anxiety, private self-consciousness, and private anxiety. Make-up behavior is positive effect, fashion leader, and conformity. Attitude toward fast fashion is classified into three groups: disposability, fashionability, and low interest of fashion. The groups show a significant difference in the self-consciousness, and make-up behavior. Groups display no distinctions between the sub-variables in the actual conditions of cosmetics such as a first time for make-up and frequence of visit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.2 s.150
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• pp.266-274
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• 2006

This study aims to examine the effect of mass media on fashion leadership of make-up and fashion products. The subjects of the study were 168 women consumers who lived in Seoul. Data were collected during September in 2003. Statistical analyses used in this study were frequency, Cronbach's $\alpha$, ANOVA, Duncan test, t-test, and multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows; 1. As a result of multiple regression for the effect of mass media on fashion leadership of make-up, there was a significant effect of movies on fashion leadership of make-up. 2. As a result of multiple regression for the effect of mass media on fashion leadership of fashion product, there were significant effects of magazines, internet, and movies on fashion leadership of fashion product. 3. In regard to the effects of consumer characteristics on fashion leadership, there were significant effects of consumer characteristics on fashion leadership of make-up and fashion product.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.136-148
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify make-up benefits sought and attitudes according to the fashion lifestyle of silver women. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection, and subjects were silver women aged over 55 years. The results were as followed: 1. The factors of fashion lifestyle of silver women were clothing ostentation, leisure activity, interest in appearance, self-confidence, clothing conservation, and economics in clothing, and total variances was 70.99%. Silver women were clustered into high fashion-involvement group, medium fashion-involvement group, low fashion-involvement group, and fashion retard group according to fashion lifestyle. 2. High fashion-involvement group included more silver women with higher education and incomes, but fashion retard group included more with lower education and income. 3. High fashion-involvement group pursued self satisfaction, complement of defects, fashion trend following, politeness to others highly through make-up, and had higher concern and knowledge about make-up, and accepted plastic surgery or skin care positively. But fashion retard group pursued only a little and showed negative attitudes toward plastic surgery or skin care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.63-78
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• 2004

The purpose of this study examines the characteristics of the Techno-Cyber fashion in modern fashion, and especially, how the make-up in the Techno-Cyber fashion is expressed artistically, and finally how much the make-up has its aesthetic value and significance. This study has its meaning in studying the relationship between the Techno-Cyber fashion and the make-up. Further more, the study has its significance in that it is possible to consider the interaction of the make-up by the fashion trend. The way of the study is to analyze its features that are shown in the documents of the inside and outside of the country. the study precedent, the technical journal, and the fashion picture. And also the study refers to the related contents in the searching for internet. The aesthetic characteristics of the expressed make-up is shown with the various aesthetic styles, as follows : First, the future-oriented characteristics is shown as the expression of the metallic make-up that emphasizes the glitter and glossy texture, and of the transparent make-up that emphasizes the simplicity of the body. Second, the surrealistic characteristics is expressed to the collage make-up that expresses the unexpected character with the introduction of the special materials and the position changing and the graphic make-up that destroys the standardized form. Third, the anti-cultural characteristics is expressed to the Cyber-Punk make-up that expresses the destructive and challenging image. Finally, the compromise characteristics is shown in the Ethno make-up combined the concept of the ethnic with the high technology and the Androgynous make-up which destroys the bounds of the sex.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.3 s.56
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• pp.361-379
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to find how hybrid fashion and make-up responses to multiculturalism condition and how expression of hybrid. Today, every culture has taken on the compromise form by means of the cultural difference, variety, and pluralism according to the internationalization and the advance. In accordance with this current of the times, this study observed the hybrid found in the multiculturalism of the 21th century. The expression of hybrid in multiculturalism of contemporary fashion and make up combination of difference. Second, the society development and a generalized knowledge of multiculturalism and hybrid and history of make up. Third, characteristic of fashion about multiculturalism and characteristic of fashion about hybrid classify a divide into five according to fashion trend. Oriental and western of hybrid, the past and the present of hybrid, high society and the lower classes of hybrid, the main current and non mainstreamers of hybrid, the present and the future of hybrid. Fourth, characteristic of make up about multiculturalism and characteristic of make up about hybrid classify a divide into five according to fashion trend. Oriental and western of hybrid, the past and the present of hybrid, high society and the lower classes of hybrid, the main current and non mainstreamers of hybrid, the present and the future of hybrid take measures too.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.526-536
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• 2008

This study is to analyze and examine the relations of lifestyle, fashion behavior, and make-up behavior of post digital generation and to provide the basic data which help to establish and perform the distinctive marketing strategies targeting the post digital generation. Subjects were 1,460 male and female undergraduates who attend colleges or universities in Seoul, Busan, and Daegu. Average, standard deviation, MANOVA, and ANOVA were conducted using SPSS 12.0 statistic program. The results were as follows: The higher points the group got in all the subfactors regarding information seeking pursuit and sensation intention fascination pursuit, the higher points the group had in the subfactors of fashion behavior and make-up behavior. The group with higher fashionenjoyment pursuit appeared to seek after more brand price choice behavior, internet shopping purchasing behavior, fashion information source seeking behavior, and impulse buying behavior in the subfactors of fashion behavior as well as more self-satisfaction appearance orientation and fashion information buying orientation in the subfactors of make-up behavior. With the group in pursuit of more multi activities, not only were brand price choice behavior and fashion information source seeking behavior in the subfactors of fashion behavior sought after more, but self-satisfaction appearance orientation and fashion information buying orientation in the subfactors of make-up behavior were pursued more as well. The more interpersonal relations the group had, the more self-satisfaction appearance orientation and fashion information buying orientation in the subfactors of make-up behavior as well as the more brand price choice behavior, fashion information source seeking behavior, impulse buying behavior, other-regarding behavior and independent buying behavior in the subfactors of fashion behavior the group had.