• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.55-66
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• 1997

This study is an indepth analysis of the environment surrounding the evolvement of western make-up culture, its transition during the twentieth century and its cultural characteristics with an aim to analyze people's aesthetic sense during the twentieth century and the western make-up culture which stands as the foremost important measure of its reflection. In order to accomplish this task, I have centered my studies on previous records, documents, articles, magazines, and pictorial data on art and motion pictures all of which involve the art of clothing and make-up. First, 'total fashion' make-up which seeks general harmony of color and figure in order to achieve unified beauty with other elements of beauty such as clothing is emphasized. Second, twentieth century make-up has expressed women's social status and value of each different time culture. Third, make-up has transformed its role from that of expressing only women's beauty to that of expressing resistance and opinion. Fourth, in the midst of material-centered societies spread due to high level of industrialization, development of highly functional make-up(biocosmetics) emerged as people became more conscious of nature and started to aggressively pursue protection.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.160-173
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• 2011

Stripe has been one of the all-time favorite fabric patterns so far and the usages have been widely applied of nearly everything ranging from everyday dress to interior fabrics. As the times change, patterns of this simple geometrical design have gradually become varied. Many effects of stripe patterns have allowed the patterns to be used in fabrics for fashion design and the patterns are considered fit for expressing individual characteristics. By studying theoretical background on categories of stripe patterns and the characteristics as a design and by researching the trends and properties exhibited in the modern fabric design, this paper will seek the potential of stripe patterns for design of a modern sense and the directions to express the patterns as a value-added design. This research was conducted through literature, books published at home and abroad, research papers and photographs on stripe patterns. Domestic magazines, web research, and photographs published since 2000 were studied for an analysis of the trends and characteristics of stripe patterns displayed in the modern fabric design. As the results, this research will explain the tendencies of stripe patterns on the modern fabric designs divided into several ways: simple and restrained modernity, active and sporty property, mannishness putting practicality forward-emerging as the status of women rises, and femininity emphasizing elegant women. The characteristics of the Plastic are categorized simplicity, rhythmicality, and Mixing of patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1222-1233
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to classify the modern image by clothing design elements. This research was done by survey method with 25 kinds of modern image photos selected in fashion magazines. The data was analyzed by Reliability Analysis, Factor Analysis, MANOVA, One-Way ANOVA, Duncan's test and MDS. The results of this study are as follows: 1. modern image was classified by 5 factors. Those were sexy-modern, elegant-modern, natural-modern, mannish-modern and minimal-modern images. 2. Sexy-modern image was well-expressed by chromatic and chromatic color coordinations. Elegant-modern image was well-expressed by fitted silhouette, fit and achromatic and chromatic color coordinations. Natural-modern image was well-expressed by A silhouette, loose apparel-fit, chromatic and chromatic coordinations and soft texture. Mannish-modern image was well-expressed by H silhouette, loose apparel-fit, chromatic and chromatic color coordinations and hard texture. Minimal-modern image was well-expressed by H silhouette, tight or loose apparel-fit and soft texture. 3. modern image was positioned into mostly hard or masculine on image scale.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.160-171
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to classify the classic image by clothing design elements. This research was done by survey method with 20 kinds of classic image photos selected in fashion magazines. The data was analyzed by Reliability Analysis, Factor Analysis, ANOVA, Duncan's test and MDS. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Classic image was classified by 4 factors. Those were retro-classic, mannish-classic, elegant-classic and contemporary-classic images. 2. Retro-classic image was well-expressed by A silhouette and chromatic and chromatic color coordinations. Mannish-classic image was well-expressed by H silhouette, chromatic and achromatic color coordinations and hard texture. Elegant-classic image was well-expressed by fitted silhouette and chromatic and chromatic color coordinations. Contemporary-classic image was well-expressed by achromatic and achromatic color coordinations and hard texture. 3. Classic image was positioned into mostly retro and masculine on image scale.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.2 s.55
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• pp.221-239
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyse the fashion style expressed in women magazine advertisements. The method of this study was used content analysis with 692 samples in women magazines ('Woman Sense', 'Yeosung Dong-A', and 'Jubu Saeng-hwal') which were issued in March, June, September, and December from 1998 to 2002. The data analysis were divided nine elements: 1. silhouette, 2. color, 3. pattern, 4. length of skirt & slacks, 5. adjustment, 6. breadth of collar lapel, 7. shoes, 8. make-up, 9. hair style. The results of this study were as follows: 1. silhouette : The four seasons were expressed in square silhouette. 2. Color : The spring, summer, and winter seasons were expressed in white color, while the fall season was expressed in neutral color. 3. Pattern : The four seasons were expressed in plain pattern. 4. Length of skirt & slacks : The four seasons were expressed in various length. 5. Adjustment : The four seasons were expressed in single button. 6. Breadth of collar lapel : The spring, summer, and winter seasons were expressed in small breadth, while the fall season was expressed in middle breadth. 7. Shoes : The four seasons were expressed in high-heeled shoes. 8. Make-up : The four seasons were expressed in light tone. 9. Hair style : The four seasons were expressed in up-style.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1999

Analysis of Customer Characteristics on Environment-Friendly Clothing Products The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the environment-friendly customers in Korean fashion market. The study is analyzed through questionary paper to the domestic female group of more than or equal to age of twenty living in Seoul. The collected questionary paper is analyzed with SPSS/PC/sub +/ program and the method of statistical analysis used for this study is frequency analysis, factor analysis, cluster analysis, t-test, and crosstab analysis. The result of analysis of the characteristics of the environment -friendly customers involves the following: Firstly, there were no significant difference in the demographic characteristics between the environment-friendly customer group and non-environment-friendly customers group. Secondly, environment-friendly customers had more environmental programs, had seen and heard more environmental program through current news from TV, newspapers, and magazines, and had more interest in recycling or separated collecting of garbage, and been doing better recycling or separated collecting. These serial processes of research, have the meaning in confirming that segmented market for environment-friendly customers exists in the domestic fashion market, and these will not only set up the basis of research on the market of environment-friendly fashion product but also be able to contribute to propose future direction of research.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.45
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• pp.103-120
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• 1999

The purpose of the study is to show concretely the design features due to cltohes image after classifying the clothes image examining relations between clothes images and design factors. Samples of the study were 507 female university students. Materials of the study were 309 slide film using the spring and fall issues of magazines and catalogues in 1996 and 1997. SAS PC was used to analyze materials and finally priniciple component analysis the analysis by quantification theory 1. The results of the study were as follows. The most important images of clothes were fashion dignity activation and simplicity. In the relationship between the main image and item factor, one-piece jumper half-coat culotte skirt pantaloons and slim pants had an important effect on the fashion image while two-piece jacket, blouse, straight pants had an effect on the dignity image and three-pice, T-shirt, shirt-vest pantaloons normal pants culoote skirt and gather skirt strengthen active image. In the relationship between the main image and silhuette X-silhouette fitting upper and lower clothes upper clothes having waist line or hip bone length and mini-skirt were the factors that raisen fashion image. And in the A-, X-, Y-silhouette having normal fit upper clothes below the knee length skirt and the upper clothes below the hip line were main factors in dignity image. And H-silhouette big size sleeves mini-skirt the upper clothes below hip line were the factors that strengthened the active image. In the relationship between fashion image and detailed factors roll stand and sports collar set-in and shirt sleeves having 5-rate and long sleeves strengthened fashion image. And flat tailored collar boat and high nceckline and bow detail set-i sleeve had an important effect on the dignity image. And shirt collar boat and V-neckline shirt dolman and 7-rate sleeves were the factors that raise active image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.3 s.112
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• pp.176-190
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• 2007

As the globalization has increasingly brought in the disintrgration of boundary between cultures, the hybrid of styles, or fusion styles in various cultural spheres have been introduced as important theme. With this new trend, the traditional culture of Asia appeared as the source of inspiration for the West, and as the source of enhanced pride and asset for ethnic groups which have been considered "the Other" by the West. 1990's witnessed a drastically increased interest in Orientalism and Ethnic trends in most social aspects, especially in culture and art. They have been the main theme in fashion, providing the source of inspiration with elements such as the unique color schemes, composition methods and geometrical simplicity. The creative application of traditional culture into modern design as well as fashion can make a significant contribution and be a solid foundation for the development of national culture in general, since images containing cultural authenticity are the visual representation of the nation and they can be important tools for the globalization of design. This study aims to find out the formative characteristics of Korean traditional embroidery and the ways they are applied in modern fashion by world-renowned Korean fashion designers. The purpose of this study is to make a fundamental source for further study by the same author on creative design development utilizing the result. The study methods are literature study combined with research of genuine articles from museums and personal ownership as well as photos from magazines and internet. The significance of this study lies in enhancing the appreciation of Korean traditional culture and expanding the possibility of its globalization by modern application.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.87-99
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyse the successful modernization strategy, and the difference between original Burberry and Burberry Prosum design. This will help in providing the fundamental information to Korean luxury fashion brands. Burberry, in particular, is rated as the most popular luxury brand in Korean fashion market. This brand has also rated 5th in sale worldwide and 1st in Korea in 2002, and was continuously been rated in 10th for the last 5 years. Related articles, fashion magazines, fashion web-site were used in this analysis, and the method was theoretical and case study. The results are divided into two categories of internal and external factors and two design patterns of check pattern and trench coat were observed. First of all, internal factor in Burberry is that they have scouted a new CEO and quickly changed their image with famous British models for the purpose of marketing strategies. They have also moved their main shop in London to Bond street, and opened shops in every country's capital cities. They were successful in achieving this by using celebrity marketing strategies with many famous celebrities. Secondly, external factor was that they have hired a designer named Christoper Bailey and this highlighted and enhanced the check pattern and trench coat. As a results, more generalized and diverse design items were presented and accessory line was enhanced, creating a much more younger image. This in turn attracted more younger customers. To sum up, original Burberry focused on classic designs, however Burberry Prosum focused on transforming traditional Burberry design into avant-garde and young. In other words, the reason for the success of this brand is highly dependent on its marketing strategies in which its uniqueness of schizophrenic cloche has appropriately represented and used in design.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.626-639
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• 2009

As the global trend of Retro combined with the tendency of individualism which respects dramatic change and diversity in the 21st century, Goth subculture of Korea developed into various popular styles. This study, noticing the influences of Goth to the Korean youth culture and fashion trends, intends to examine the current fashion trends to analyze the various aspects of the influences of Goth to the Korean youth culture. To do this, various documents and numerous Internet materials on the Korean Goth culture are comprehensively reviewed, and the Goth look images of popular stars, photographs from fashion magazines and fashion collections are gathered, analysed, and classified into types, and the specific characteristics of these types are comprehensively analysed. According to the result of this research, Punk Goth look, departing from the sensational and aggressive style of Punk look, expresses sexy and luxurious images, while Romantic Goth look shows the brilliant and cheerful style by mixing the cute girlish image and the elegant feminine image of exaggerated details and voluminous silhouette. Avant garde Goth look parodies Goth image by using the dramatic effects of Goth images or is expressed in performances. Sexy Goth look, which reveals the sexual attractiveness of men and women much more assertively, tries to do suggestive representation and excessive exposure of human body. Dandy Goth look, which has the simple and modern line, expresses the calm and chic feeling by employing basic items with minimized details and coordinating unique accessories for accent.