• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권8호
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• pp.181-198
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to understand modernization process of korean housing during the past one century. To following up the changes of everyday lives of common peoples, magazines, news papers, tourist's records and gossip items were collected and interpreted from the microscopic point of view. In this study arguments on 'modernity' of korean housing was focused on some issues, thus, separation, differentiation, individualization, as well as privatization. Concrete discourses are; firstly, spatial isolation of housing and urban place each other, secondly, functional division of inner spaces of housing, and lastly, guarantee of privacy sphere. Historical changes of housing showed some meaningful phenomena. Before modernization housing was place of reproduction and consume at the same time. However after modern urban space came into existence and work and rest were separated, housing gained only mono function. Thus, housing have only one meaning as private place for nuclear family, that is "Home, Sweet Home." Instead of past multi-functional rooms, functional prescribed rooms, for example, dinning room, were newly born. In the past, the boundary between public and private sphere was not clear. For examples, everyday experiences of family were extended to the street and in the house in most cases spaces were shared. But after modernization the scale of individual spaces become larger and private life can be secured. Consequently, history of everyday life from traditional agricultural society to industrialized modern society demonstrates the structural context between the micro and macro dimension in the fields of human life. In other words, everyday lives and macro history response each other and create new perception of time-space structure in the modern housing.

• 한국인구학
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.91-121
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• 2001

본 연구논문은 IMF 경제위기가 우리의 가족생활에 미친 영향을 살펴보았다. 경제위기가 가져온 생활수준의 변화와 경제적 고통의 내용과 함께 가족간의 접촉의 정도나 가족폭력, 가족해체 등 가족관계에 일어난 변화를 살펴보았다. 또한 친족 친지와 주고받은 경제적 도움의 정도나 소비지출행동의 변화를 통해서 완만한 사회변화 과정에서는 잘 드러나지 않았던 한국 가족의 특성 및 가족생활의 단면을 살펴 보았다. 뿐만아니라 경제위기가 장차 성별관계에 미칠 영향을 여성들의 취업동기의 강화나 역할행동의 변화라는 관점에서 검토해 보았다. 경제위기는 가족관계에 변화를 가져왔다. 전체적으로 실업이 생긴 가족들은 가족관계에 무엇인가 달라졌다고 느낀 경우가 많았고, 긍정적으로든 부정적으로든 부부 간의 접촉빈도가 높아졌다. 부부간의 폭력이나 해체의 가능성이 비교적 낮게 나타난 반면, 자녀에 대한 폭력이 이보다 직접적으로 반영되었다. 사회적 보장제도나 친구에 비해서 친족은 여전히 가장 중요한 경제적 의지의 대상으로 존재하고 인다는 사실도 확인되었다. 특히 친정이 도움의 자원으로 활용되고 있다는 점은 주목할 만하다. 이러한 사실들은 기존의 서구사회를 대상으로 한 조사결과들과 다소 다른 것들이므로, 우리사회를 해석하는 중요한 자료가 될 수 있을 것이다. 뿐만 아니라, 경제위기의 소비 변화를 통해서 우리사회에서 문화비용과, 병원비. 그리고 사교육비가 지출의 신축성을 가진 부분인 것이 드러났다. 그리고 경제위기에 직면하여 여성들의 취업에서 경제적 동기가 강화되는 측면과 함께 역할행동의 변화가능성도 일부 제시되었다.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.107-133
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• 2010

본 연구는 한국사회에 확산되는 기러기 가족의 구성원으로서 기러기 아빠의 분거가족경험을 총체적으로 이해하기 위해 7명의 기러기 아빠를 대상으로 심층 인터뷰한 후 질적연구 방법을 활용하여 분거가족 경험의 일반적 구조를 파악하였다. 연구 결과, 기러기 아빠의 분거가족경험은 전후 맥락과 시간성을 고려하여 가족분거 결정단계와 초기단계, 유지단계로 구분되었고 5개의 상위 구성요소가 도출되었다. 먼저, 가족분거 결정단계는 "조기유학의 내·외적 필요" 로 나타났고, 가족분거 초기단계는 "가족이탈의 해방과 결핍" 으로 도출되었으며 가족분거 유지단계는 "고갈된 독거인의 삶", "가족없는 공간을 채움", "분거기간의 장기화: 와도 걱정, 안와도 걱정" 으로 나타났다. 이와 같은 연구결과에 근거하여 가족분거를 경험한 기러기아빠에 대한 실천적 함의를 제시하였다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.5-18
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• 2016

Objective: Sex differences in attachment types are absent during early childhood, but emerge in middle childhood. Prior research has shown that boys classify as more often avoidant than ambivalent. The purpose of this study was to investigate marked sex differences in the distribution of attachment types in middle childhood, especially in boys. Methods: Attachment was assessed with the Separation Anxiety Test in a sample of 208 boys in Grades 3 and 4. Their socioeconomic backgrounds and developmental histories were also collected. Results: The distribution of attachment types was differed from those in early childhood, with insecure boys more often avoidant (31.3%) than ambivalent (7.2%). Insecure-avoidant boys were rated as over 10% compared the global distribution. Conclusion: These results supported the hypothesis of adrenarche in middle childhood. Boys may be changed to have more avoidant types in attachment.

• 한국아동복지학
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• 제58호
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• pp.1-45
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 가정외보호 퇴소 청소년이 원가족과 어떠한 관계를 경험하는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 가정외보호 퇴소 청소년 6명을 대상으로 면접을 통해 자료를 수집하였으며, 현상학적 방법을 적용하여 자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 본 연구에서 4개의 범주와 12개의 하위범주가 도출되었는데, 4개의 범주는 '혼돈 속의 헤어짐', '다시 만났지만 거리가 생김', '완전히 끝나버린 관계', '새로 만드는 가족의 경계'로 구분되었다. 첫째, 빈곤이나 이혼 등의 문제로 부모와 분리된 연구참여자 3명은 부모와 다시 재회를 하였고, 퇴소 이후에도 관계를 지속하는 것으로 나타났다. 이들은 자립하는데 있어서 부모로부터 다양한 형태의 지원을 받고 있으며, 이러한 지원을 통해 안정적으로 자립을 해가고 있었다. 둘째, 심각한 아동학대, 부모의 죽음으로 부모와 분리된 경우는 부모와의 관계가 단절된 것으로 나타났다. 이들은 원가정이 아닌 새로운 대안관계를 통해 자립해 가고는 있지만 다소 불안정한 전이를 경험하였다. 본 연구에서 연구참여자의 원가족 관계 경험을 한마디로 요약하면 "애증의 외줄타기"로 정의할 수 있다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 가정외보호 퇴소 청소년의 원가족 관계를 돕기 위한 아동복지 실천적 및 정책적 함의를 제언하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권16호
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• pp.6547-6552
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• 2014

Background: Cancer is a major life event that imposes huge economic and mental burdens on patients and families. In addition, the diagnosis of cancer also causes significant family discordance that can lead to marital problems such as divorce or separation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association and any related gender differences between cancer diagnosis and marital disruption among cancer survivors. Materials and Methods: We used the recent cross-sectional Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ($4^{th}$ and $5^{th}$; Years 2008-2012). The study participants were 623 married cancer survivors over the age of 19. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate odds ratios. Results: After adjusting for socioeconomic status and health-related behaviors, the odds ratio of marital disruption among female cancer survivors compared with male cancer survivors was 3.94 (95%CI 1.30-11.94; p=0.02). The odds ratio of marital disruption for the below-average economic level compared with the above-average economic level was 5.64 (95%CI: 1.03-31.02; p=0.05). When compared with the non-smoking cancer survivors, the smoking cancer survivors had an OR of marital disruption equal to 2.94 (95%CI: 1.08-8.00; p=0.03). Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that the odds of marital disruption among female cancer survivors are higher than those among their male couterparts. Medical practitioners should be sensitive to early signs of marital discord in couples affected by a cancer diagnosis. Early identification and psychosocial intervention might reduce the frequency of divorce and separation and thus improve quality of life and quality of care for cancer survivors.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.61-89
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• 1998

Having taken as cause of dental technicians separation from their service a variety of individual idiosyncrasies, function-related factors, external environment factors, functional satisfaction, organizational commitment, and intention to remain, the present study conducted a mail questionnaire poll and interviews on those dental technicians who are mow in the service with private dental technical workshops and dental technical workshops in general hospitals and private dental clinics. The resultant findings from analysis of the repondent's general characteristics of cause of separation form service were revealed, as follows : 1) It was shown that the higher the academic career, the considerably higher cause of position commitment among causes of individual idio-syncrasies, reflecting a statistically significant result(P<0.05) 2) The less the number of working hours as viewed from the average number of working hours per day, the higher the positive emotion, reflecting a significant relation(P<0.01) 3) Causes from performing duties among function-related causes diclosed a statistically significant relation among marital status, career, monthly income, and positions(P<0.01) 4) Causes from wages showed a statistically significant relation in the average number of working hours per day(P<0.01), monthly income(P,0.05), and positions(P<0.05) 5) Causes from supervision exposed a significant relation in workplaces(P<0.01) 6) Causes from promotion represented a significant relation in positions(P<0.001) 7) Causes from opportunnities for taking a job as seen from external environment causes also disclosed a statistically significant relation in workplaces(P<0.05) 8) Reponsibility for family sustenace reflected a statistically significant relation in sex, age, marital status, career, monthly income, work fields, term of employment, positions, and experience of separation(P<0.001) 9) Functional satisfaction showed a statistically significant relation in marital status, career, monthly income, and the average number of hours a day(P<0.05) 10) Oraganizational commitment disclosed a statistically significant relation in work experience, monthly income, term of employment, positions(P<0.05) and the average number of working hours a day(P<0.001) 11) The intention to remain indicated a statistically significant relation in age, marital status, work experience, monthly income, positions(P<0.001) and term of employment. the average number of working hours a day(P<0.01), and in the performing work field(P<0.05)

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2013

The spatial separation of male's and female's area due to the law of 'Naeoei' is one of the trademark features of residence by the building principle of 'Confucianism' in the upper class house in the late of the Chosun Dynasty. Thanks to modernized agriculture and commerce, the residence of 'Sinheung-Yangban' developed. And they were influenced by the economic and living characteristics than traditional custom. So the residence of 'Sinheung-Yangban' is very important in terms of the course of modernizing of the korean traditional residence. Researcher figures out the influences of the law of 'Naeoei' in residence and the characteristics of male's and female's field in terms of daily life with investigating the residence of 'Sinheung-Yangban' as the upper class house in the late of the Chosun Dynasty. Through this, the goal of this study is to find the properties of male's and female's field of upper class houses in the late of the Chosun Dynasty. With this study, the followings are the characteristics of male's and female's spatial composition of upper class houses in Gyong-gi Province in the late of the Chosun Dynasty. First, the traditional law of 'Naeoei' plays a primary role as the principle of building of upper class houses in Gyong-gi Province in the late of the Chosun Dynasty. With a natural result, there is a clear spatial separation as the male's and female's social role. Second, 'An-Chae' and 'Sarang-Chae' as male's and female's living space are separated physically, but real living life tends to be syntagmatically made with 'An-Madang' as the center. Third, spatial integration of 'An-Madang' as the center results in the development of architectural connection factors of 'An-Chae' and 'BaKat-Chae' adjoining 'An-Madang', facing 'Toei-Gan', 'Maru', and 'door'. Forth, the boundary of male's and female's areas is relatively clear between dwellers and visitors, but on the other hand, the separation of male's and female's spaces between family members has little significance.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.84-94
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to establish the identity of the traditional residential space in Korea and Japan as analyzing the spatial characteristics and sociocultural roles of the 'in-between space' shown in their traditional dwelling space. Although they share culture area, it is meaningful to clarify the identity of both countries with many differences as the point of localization In globalization and the point of presenting the current and future directions of residential culture in both countries. Records and field studies have been carried out for the spatial characteristics and the sociocultural role focused on Ma-dang and Dae-chung in case of the 'in-between space' in Korean traditional dwellings and Inner housing, Doma, and Engawa in Japan. According to these findings, the spatial characteristics in common between Korea and Japan are open, half-open, separation, mitigation, integration, variation, continuation, hierarchy, mediation, and expansion. The 'in-between space', built by the separate Chae and Kan, of Korean traditional dwellings shows the separation by closed walls and the exclusive use by the fixed walls. In case of Japan, the integrated in-between space built by the separation of Kan shows open and connective tendencies and the variableness of walls has the tendency making ambiguous space with spatial softness. The sociocultural role of the 'in-between space' in Korean traditional dwelling space functions as the mitigation between the interior and exterior of the house as well as the male and female. Because the conception for protecting the private life is too weak, the sociocultural role of the 'in-between space' in Japanese traditional dwelling space seldom forms the space for an individual or the specific person among family. The space to welcome a guest functions as the mitigation between residents and outsiders as it is located in the inside of the private dwelling space.

• 한국노년학
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.325-345
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 사회적으로 고립된 남성 독거노인의 생애사적 접근을 통해 사회적으로 고립되기까지의 과정과 삶을 심도 있게 이해하기 위한 탐색적 연구이다. 연구방법으로는 질적연구 생애사 방법의 하나인 'Mandelbaum(1973)의 삶의 영역(Dimensions), 전환점(turnings), 적응(adaptation)'이라는 개념틀로 분석하였다. 본 연구결과에 따르면, 사회적으로 고립된 노인들은 가족 관계 단절, 빈곤, 열악한 일자리, 건강악화 등의 복합적인 어려움을 경험하면서 사회적으로 고립된 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 삶의 영역에서 고립 전의 원가족과의 삶에서 부모와의 원만하지 못한 관계나 부재, 가족의 빈곤, 주위 사람들과의 원만하지 못한 관계 등의 경험이 있었다. 노동시장에서 막노동, 배달, 장사, 허드렛일 등의 좋지 않은 일자리를 갖고 있었다. 전환점의 영역에서는 외환위기, 부모의 이혼과 죽음, 배우자 외도, 경제적 어려움 등의 여러 원인으로 원가족과 배우자와의 분리로 인한 가족과의 단절을 경험하게 되었다. 적응의 영역에서 참여자들은 삶의 각 전환점에서 변화된 삶을 받아들이며 자신의 역할을 수행하면서 타협하고 절충하면서 적절히 적응하려는 노력을 해나가고 있었다. 국민기초수급자라는 사회적 안전망 제도에 들어왔고 그 안전망을 지키기 위해 한곳에 머무르는 지금의 삶이 더 안정적인 삶을 살게 만들었으며 개인적인 취미생활과 네트워크를 통한 대리만족으로 적응하고 있음을 밝혔다. 이는 기존연구에서 고립된 노인들이 우울증과 고독사의 위험에 심하게 노출되었다는 연구결과와 다소 다른 결과이다. 하지만 상대적으로 고립감이 낮은 노인을 인터뷰한 본 연구의 특성을 동시에 감안해야 할 것이다. 이 같은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 여러 실천적 정책적 함의를 제시했다.