• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.59-74
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• 1997

FACES II & III do not capture the high extremes of the dimension and are linear rather than curvilinear measure. FACES IV is the latest revision of FACES series and can capture two extreme dimension of Circumplex Model. The purpose of this study is to examine reliability and validity of reconstructed FACES using by FACES II, III, IV. Factor analysis showed that Cohesion and Adaptability consisted 3 factors (disengaged, connected, emmeshed/rigid, flexble, chaotic) Extremes on each dimension conceptually were opposite and they were uncorrelated with each other. FACES effectively predicted family function. Reliability coefficients of subscales ranged from 61~85 Reconstructed FACES had good internal consistency and construct and criterion related validity.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2012

This study presents a governing equations of bending behavior of anisotropic sandwich plates with multi-layered laminated composite faces. Based on zig-zag models for through thickness deformations, the shear deformation of composite faces is included. All edges of plate are assumed to be simply supported. Results of the bending analysis under lateral loads are presented for the influence of various lay up sequences of antisymmetric angle-ply laminated faces. The accuracy of the approach is ascertained by comparing solutions from the sandwich plates theory with composite faces to the laminated plates theory. Since the present analysis considers the bending stiffness of the core and also the transverse shear deformations of the laminated faces, the proposed method showed higher than that calculated according to the general laminated plates theory. The information presented might be useful to design sandwich plates structure with polymer matrix composite faces.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.371-377
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• 1991

Some morphological characteristics were investigated on the leaves of quercus aliena, hypostomatous species, and lespedeza cyrtobotrya, amphistomatous species, that appeared dominantly on the rock faces in mt.pukhan, mt surak and mt. pulam near seoul. These characteristics were compared with those of normal sites rock faces. All two species growing on the rock faces had thickened leaves with well developed upper epidermis and palisade tissue. Quercus aliena growing on the rock faces showed the leaves with double layer of palisade cells and more regularly arranged spongy parenchyma cells to the lower epidermis. In the case of lespedeza cyrtobotrya, narrower and more lengthened palisade cells and smaller air gaps between the sponge parenchyma cells were observed on the rock faces than those growing in the normal sites. The stomater frequency of the lower epidermis of the tree leaves growing on the rock faces is higher thanthose of normal sites. However, the mean total stomata number of the tree leaves growing on the rock faces are fewer. Most of the morphological characteristics investigated indicate that the plants on the rock faces havesmaller coefficient of variation than those of the normal sites.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.205-219
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• 1997

FACES II & III did not capture high extremes of Cohesion and Adaptability dimension, and were linear rather than curvilinear measure. The purpose of this study was to examine reliability and validity of revised FACES using by FACES II,III,IV. Factor analysis showed that Cohesion and Adaptability dimension consisted each 3 factors(disengaged, connected, enmeshed / rigid, flexible, chaotic). Extremes on each dimension conceptually were opposite and they were uncorrelated with each other. Revised FACES effectively predicted family function. Reliability coefficients of subscales ranged form .68~.82. Revised FACES had good internal consistency, and construct and criterion related validity.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.85-103
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• 2022

Objective: This study examined five- to six-year-old children's categorization of mixed-race faces and how it was affected by perceptual individuation training (PIT) for other-races. Methods: Sixty-five children attending classes for 5-year-olds in childcare centers were shown happy and angry faces of Korean and African American mixed-race people, along with neutral faces of Korean and African American monoracial people. They were asked to categorize the faces into same-race or other-race. After the pretest, participants received a PIT for either African American (other-race) or monkeys. Then the racial categorization task was administered again as a posttest. Results: Children showed no general tendency to categorize mixed-race faces as out-group in the pretest. Yet, the PITs further reduced children's categorization of mixed-race faces as out-group. In particular, the effect was clearly evident in children who received the PIT for other-race. Conclusion/Implications: The results suggest that the tendency to categorize mixed-race faces as an out-group may not be evident in early childhood and that experiences of perceptually identifying other-race individuals may help children view mixed-race individuals as being in the ingroup, at least perceptually.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2020

The limit analysis and response surfaces method were combined to investigate the reliability of pressurized tunnel faces subjected to seismic force. The quasi-static method was utilized to introduce seismic force into the tunnel face. A 3D horn failure mechanism of pressurized tunnel faces subjected to seismic force was constructed. The collapse pressure of pressurized tunnel faces was solved by the kinematical approach. The limit state equation of pressurized tunnel faces was obtained according to the collapse pressure and support pressure. And then a reliability model of pressurized tunnel faces was established. The feasibility and superiority of the response surfaces method was verified by comparing with the Monte Carlo method. The influence of the mean of soil parameters and support pressure, variation coefficients, distribution type and correlation of c-φ on the reliability of pressurized tunnel faces was discussed. The reasonable safety factor and support pressure required by pressurized tunnel faces to satisfy 3 safety levels were presented. In addition, the effects of horizontal seismic force, vertical seismic force and correlation of k_h-k_v on the reliability of pressurized tunnel faces were also performed. The method of this work can give a new idea for anti-seismic design of pressurized tunnel faces.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.917-924
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• 1995

Let $P_I$ be the convex compact set of all unital positive linear maps between the $n \times n$ matrix algebra over the complex field. We find a necessary and sufficient condition for which two maximal faces of $\cap P_I$ intersect. In particular, we show that any pair of maximal faces of $P_I$ has the nonempty intersection, whenever $n \geq 3$.

• 한국의학물리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국의학물리학회 2003년도 제27회 추계학술대회
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• pp.78-78
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• 2003

Purpose: This event related fMRI study was to further our understanding about how different brain regions could contribute to effective access of specific information stored in long term memory. This experiment has allowed us to determine the brain regions involved in recognition of familiar faces among non familiar faces. Materials and Methods: Twelve right handed normal, healthy volunteer adults participated in face recognition experiment. The paradigm consists of two 40 familiar faces, 40 unfamiliar faces and control base with scrambled faces in a randomized order, with null events. Volunteers were instructed to press on one of two possible buttons of a response box to indicate whether a face was familiar or not. Incorrect answers were ignored. A 1.5T MRI system(GMENS) was employed to evaluate brain activity by using blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast. Gradient Echo EPI sequence with TR/TE= 2250/40 msec was used for 17 contiguous axial slices of 7mm thickness, covering the whole brain volume (240mm Field of view, 64 ${\times}$ 64 in plane resolution). The acquired data were applied to SPM99 for the processing such as realignment, normalization, smoothing, statistical ANOVA and statistical preference. Results/Disscusion: The comparison of familiar faces vs unfamiliar faces yielded significant activations in the medial temporal regions, the occipito temporal regions and in frontal regions. These results suggest that when volunteers are asked to recognize familiar faces among unfamiliar faces they tend to activate several regions frequently involved in face perception. The medial temporal regions are also activated for familiar and unfamiliar faces. This interesting result suggests a contribution of this structure in the attempt to match perceived faces with pre existing semantic representations stored in long term memory.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.903-916
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• 1996

In this paper we investigate the minimum permanents and minimizing matrices on the faces $\omega(D)$ of $\omega_n$ for two fully indecomposable (0, 1) matrices D which are slight changes of both a convertible matrix and the matrix with zero trace.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.347-364
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• 2014

본 연구는 얼굴자극의 검사단계 표정변화와 검사 지연시간, 그리고 배경변화가 얼굴재인에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위해 수행되었다. 실험 1에서는 학습단계에서 부정 표정 얼굴을 학습하고 검사단계에서 동일한 얼굴의 부정 표정과 중성 표정얼굴에 대한 재인 검사가 실시되었다. 실험 2에서는 학습단계에서 부정 표정 얼굴을 학습하고 검사단계에서 부정 표정과 긍정 표정얼굴에 대한 재인 검사가 실시되었다. 실험 3에서는 학습단계에서 중성 표정 얼굴을 학습하고, 검사단계에서 부정 표정과 중성 표정 얼굴에 대한 재인 검사가 실시되었다. 세 실험 모두 참가자들은 즉시 검사와 지연 검사 조건에 할당되었고, 재인검사에서 목표 얼굴자극들은 배경이 일치 조건으로 또한 불일치 조건으로 제시되었다. 실험 1과 실험2 모두에서 부적 표정에 대한 재인율이 높았다. 실험 3에서 중성 표정에 대한 재인율이 높았다. 즉, 세 개실험 모두에서 표정 일치 효과가 나타났다. 학습단계에서 제시된 얼굴 표정의 정서와는 상관없이 검사단계에서 표정이 학습단계와 일치할 때 얼굴 재인율은 증가하였다. 또한 표정 변화에 따른 효과는 배경 변화에 따라 상이하게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과로 얼굴은 표정이 달라지면 기억하기 힘들며, 배경의 변화와 시간 지연에 따라 영향을 받는 다는 점을 확인하였다.